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2010.05.28 Vienna XXII. (roadside, near a corn field, 155 m AMSL).Leaves.German name: Hoch-Fingerkraut
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2011-03-25 Vienna XXII. district (Lobau national park, 155 m AMSL).German name: Sand-Frhlings-Fingerkraut
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Duchesnea indica (Andrews) Focke, syn.: Fragaria indica AndrewsYellow-flowered Strawberry; DE: Scheinerdbeere, Indische Erdbeere, Falsche ErdbeereSlo.: indijski jagodnjakDat.: Sept. 5. 2014Lat.: 46.36043 Long.: 13.70279Code: Bot_832/2014_IMG6809Picture file names: from Duchesne-indica_raw_20 to Duchesne-indica_raw_24.Habitat: semiruderal grassland near a cottage; flat, shallow, calcareous ground, overgrown colluvial terrain; mostly in shade; under a canopy of Juglans regia; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopy; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.960 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, 'Na Melu' place, near cottage Trenta 2b, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comment: Duchesnea indica isn't a native plant of Slovenia. It was introduced relatively recently (about 20 years ago) and escaped from gardens. It is now spreading over the country by birds, which eat its fruits. It origins from south and southeast Asia and is considered a potentially invasive plant. The first occurrence in the upper Soa river region was observed in 2007 downstream of Bovec near Pluna village. This find is some 20 km upstream the Soa river and is, to my knowledge, the first in the Trenta valley.The plant's leaves and fruits are very similar to wild strawberry and confusions are easy Contrary, when it is in bloom, it is easy to distinguish it from wild strawberry since it blooms yellow. Its appealing fruits aren't poisonous but they are, at best, tasteless if not of slightly unpleasant taste. Although looking as tasteful wild strawberries - tasting it is a big disappointment.Ref.:(1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 480.(2) L. Pintar, A. Selikar, Cvetje Slovenske Deele - Florula Slovenica, Zaloba Narava d.o.o. (2015) (in Slovenian), p 119.(3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 174.(4) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 256.
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Canal imperial de Aragn: Zaragoza. Aragn (Espaa)Familia: ROSACEAE.Distribucin: Por distintos continentes y por casi toda Europa excepto el extremo N; por toda la Pennsula Ibrica y todo Aragn. Hbitat: Prados hmedos, bosques de ribera, juncales, pastos frescos, comunidades fontinales, orillas de cursos de agua, setos, herbazales nitrfilos y cascajos fluviales.Preferencia edfica: Indiferente. Parece preferir los sustratos bsicos, en particular las margas temporalmente inundadas, pero aparece tambin sobre sustratos silceos y, a veces, en suelos salinos.Rango altitudinal: ( 100 ) 400- 1300 ( 1600 ) mFloracin: ( Abril ) Mayo - Septiembre ( Octubre )Fructificacin: Mayo - OctubreForma Biolgica: Hemicriptfito escaposoExtractado del Atlas de la Flora de Aragn (Herbario de Jaca)
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Potentilla carniolica Kern., syn.: Potentilla micrantha Ramon ssp. carniolica (Kern) GamsCarnolian Cinqufoil, DE: Krainer FingerkrautSlo.: kranjski petoprstnikDat.: April 1. 2015Code: Bot_859/2015_DSC5462Lat.: 46.36035 Long.: 13.70272 Habitat: grassland, former pasture, mowed once per year, flat terrain, shallow, calcareous ground, half shade, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7 - 9 deg C, elevation 600 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley between villages Soa and Trenta, lower part of Na melu place near Trenta 2b cottage, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comment: Potentilla carniolica is, contrary to its species name (carnolica - Carniola is a historical name of a part of present Slovenia territory), actually a plant growing mainly in Dinaric mountains of Balkan Peninsula. It was first found at the northern edge of its distribution area and hence inadequately named. It enters the Alps only on its extreme northern part of distribution area and exclusively on the territory of Slovenia, where it is a quite rare species. In Slovenian Alps only a few stands in the Kamnik Alps has been known up to now. This find is its first known occurrence in the Julian Alps and at the same time its most northwest occurrence known.Potentilla carniolica is probably often overlooked. It has similar appearance as other much more common white blooming Potentilla-s (Potentilla micrantha, Potentilla sterilis, Potentilla caulescens) and superficially even as genus Fragaria members, namely very common wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca) and eventually green strawberry (Fragaria viridis). However, plants with similar white flowers, which have leaves compound from three leaflets, have no stolons, don't have red inner side of sepals, which do not develop berries and which are covered in addition to long simple hairs also with short glandular hairs are surely Potentilla carniolica. Ref.:(1) Personal communication. Determination confirmed by Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Natural History Institute 'Jovan Hadi', Slovenian Academy of Science and Art. (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 256. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 782.(4) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske (Flora of Croatia) (in Croatian), kolska Knjiga, Zagreb (1994), p 172.(5) N. Jogan (ed.), Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije (Materials for the Atlas of Flora of Slovenia), CKSF (2001), p 297.
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Potentilla tommasiniana F.Schultz, syn.: Potentilla cinerea Chaix & Vill. ssp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Gerstb. Potentilla acaulis subsp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Sojk, Potentilla arenaria subsp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Th. Wolf, Potentilla cinerea subsp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Velen.EN: Tommasini's Cinquefoil, DE: Tommasini-FingerkrautSlo.: Tomasinijev petoprstnikDate: April 08. 2006Lat.: 45.9883 Long.: 13.6347Code: Bot_106/2006_DSC0024Habitat: stony, open grassland on top of a mountain, overgrown with scattered low bushes; calcareous, skeletal ground, full sun, dry place; elevation 580 m (1.900 feet), average precipitations 1.800-2.000 mm/year, average temperature 11-12 deg C, Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical regionSubstratum: soil.Place: Near the top of Mt. Sabotin, 609 m, north of Solkan/Nova Gorica; Goriko, Slovenia EC.Comment: Potentilla tommasiniana is another beautiful species of large genus cinquefoil Potentilla. It is named by Muzio Tommasini an amateur botanist from Trieste, Italy active in 19th century, who was thoroughly familiar with flora of surrounding territories, which are today parts of Slovenia. Potentilla tommasiniana is primarily a warmth loving East (Sub)Mediterranean species. At first glance it doesn't differ much from other yellow blooming relatives. The main characteristics are grayish-green, densely haired leaves and stalks, presence of stellate hairs (in addition to other types of hairs), ternate ground leaves (upper ones are often palmate with five leaflets) and inflorescences with several flowers. However, Potentilla tommasiniana is very variable and its taxonomy is quite unsettled. Some sources do not recognize it at all and consider it as a synonym of Potentilla cinerea (Ref.: 5). Others recognize it on subspecies level either as Potentilla cinerea ssp. tommasiniana (Ref.: 3, 8) or of Potentilla acaulis ssp. tommasiniana (Ref.: 11) or Potentilla arenaria var. tommasiniana (Flora Europaea cited in Ref.: 9). The EuroMed Plant Database (Ref.: 4), Slovenian botany key (Ref. 2) as well as Croatian key (Ref.: 7) and several other sources recognize it on species level. Aeschimann, Flora Alpina (Ref.: 8) considers Potentilla tommasiniana taxonomically questionable taxon. The species is known from warmer regions of northeast Italy (Ref.: 6, 11), southwest Slovenia (Ref.: 10) and warmer regions of Croatia, Bosnia and Hercegovina (Ref.: 9). Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Jovan Hadi Institute of Biology, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 255. (3) W.K. Rottensteiner, Exkursionsflora fr Istrien, Verlag des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins Krten (2014), p 817.(4)
ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameCache=Poten... (accessed Oct.22. 2018)(5) Flora Croatica Database (FCD), Department of Botany, Faculty of science, FER-ZPR, University of Zagreb (2004);
hirc.botanic.hr/fcd (accessed Oct. 23. 2018)(6) KeytoNature / Dryades Project
dbiodbs.units.it/carso/chiavi_pub28?usr=admin&n=960&a... (accessed Oct. 22. 2018)(7) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske (Flora of Croatia) (in Croatian), kolska Knjiga, Zagreb (1994), p 174.(8) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Appendix A4, Haupt (2004), p 1187.(9) S. Redzic, Chorologic and phenological characteristics of the populations of the species Potentilla tommasiniana F.W. Schultz in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Stvdia Botanica 12: 219-235, 1994. (10) N. Jogan (ed.), Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije (Materials for the Atlas of Flora of Slovenia), CKSF (2001), p 299.(11) L. Poldini, Nuovo Atlante corologico delle piante vascolari nel Friuli Venezia Giulia, University of Trieste (2002), p 383.
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2010.08.01 N Neunkirchen - Rax (alpine meadow, 1895 m AMSL).German name: Gold-Fingerkraut
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Potentilla micrantha Ramond ex DC.Pink Barren Strawberry, DE: Kleibltiges Fingerkraut, Erdbeer-FingerkrautSlo.: drobnocvetni petoprstnikDat.: March 18.1 2016Lat.: 46.19097 Long.: 13.75258Code: Bot_937/2016_DSC0595Habitat: small woodland openings in predominantly broad leaved wood, Fagus sylvatica and Ostrya carpinifolia dominant with some scattered Picea abies; calcareous (Bot_937/2016_DSC0595) and marly (Bot_937/2016_DSC0603) ground; steep mountain slope, southwest aspect; warm and moderately dry place; elevation 610 m (2.000 feet) (Bot_937/2016_DSC0595) and 760 m (2.500 feet) (Bot_937/2016_DSC0603); average precipitations ~ 2.500 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Tolmin region, next to the trail from village abe to Mt. Tolminski Triglav, 1.142 m (3.750 feet), above conspicuous calcareous cliffs, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Potentilla micrantha is one of about ten white blooming species of very large genus Potentilla and similarly looking Fragaria. Many more than that bloom yellow. It is a common plant neither in Slovenia nor in neighboring Austria and Italy nor in Switzerland. On the other hand it is very widely distributed in the (mostly south) Alps, almost all other European mountains from Pyrenees to Carpathians including Balkan peninsula. It is a Mediterranean montane floral element. The plant has tiny but beautiful flowers. It is not easy to find it but it can be easily recognized by dark red base of the inner side of sepals, flattened stamens which are minutely hairy at the base (hand lens needed) and the lack of stolons, which are otherwise quite frequent in genera Potentilla and Fragaria.Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Natural History Institute 'Jovan Hadi', SAZU.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 481.(3) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 256. (4) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 780.(5) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 250.
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Potentilla norvegica L., syn.: Potentilla flexuosa Raf., Potentilla labradorica Lehm., Potentilla norvegica subsp. hirsuta (Mich.) Hylan., Potentilla norvegica subsp. monspeliensis (L.) Ascher. & Graebn.Norwegian Cinquefoil, Rough Cinquefoil, Snowy Cinquefoil, Tall Fivefinger, DE: Norwegen-FingerkrautSlo.: norveki petoprstnikDat.: July 5. 2017Lat.: 46.32110 Long.: 13.51664Code: Bot_1072/2017_DSC8215Habitat: wood edge, road side, semiruderal place, flat terrain, alluvial terrace, calcareous ground, partly sunny; elevation 350 m (1.150 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Bovec basin, near Podklopca settlement, at the end of the dirt road leading to Soa river bed, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Potentilla norvegica is another member of large genus Potentilla (about 500 species have been described worldwide), which doesn't 'respect' its name. Its leaves have three leaflets and not fife as its common names suggest. Potentilla norvegica is a variable species. The origin of this species is not completely clear. Some authors distinguish two subspecies: Potentilla norvegica subsp. hirsuta (Mich.) Hyl. with obovate leaflets, which is supposed to be native in North America, and Potentilla norvegica subsp. norvegica, which is an Eurasian taxon.Species is rather rare in Slovenia and also rare and protected in neighboring countries Austria (Ref.2) and Croatia (Ref.7). Other authors consider it as a weed, currently spreading and of no concern regarding protection. This find is, to our present knowledge, one of the very few in the Upper Posoje region and the first in MTB9647 square (Central European Flora Mapping). Ref.:(1) Leg. & Det. A. Trnkoczy, Conf. Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 482.(3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 768.(4) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 255. (5)
alienplantsbelgium.be/content/potentilla-norvegica# (July 6. 2017)(6)
www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=2... (July 6. 2017)(7)
hirc.botanic.hr/fcd/ShowResults.aspx?hash=-1331482982 (July 6. 2017)(8) E.J. Jger, Rothmaler 3, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 11. Aufl., Elsevier, Spectrum (2007), p 236.
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Potentilla pusilla Host, syn.: Potentilla puberula Kraan, Potentilla gaudinii Gremli, Potentilla cinerea, P. verna L., subsp. puberula (Kraan) Hegi, P. glandulifera KraanDE.: Grauflaumiges Fingerkraut, Flaum-Fingerkraut, Sternhaarige Frhlings-Fingerkraut Slo.: pritlini petoprstnikDat.: April 23. 2014 and April 27. 2014Lat.: 46.36053 Long.: 13.70211Code: Bot_792/2014_IMG5350 and Bot_793/2014_DSC0618Habitat: former stony pasture; old overgrown scree, slightly southeast inclined slope; calcareous ground; dry, nutrients poor, shallow soil layer, among low grasses and mosses; sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 610 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, near Trenta 2b cottage, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Potentilla pusilla is a Middle and South European plant growing in almost all parts of Alps and one of almost 30 species of this genus growing in Slovenia (and one of about 500 worldwide). It is an example of species, which is not easy to determine. Ref.:(3) frankly states that distinguishing it from other species, which also belong to Potentilla verna aggregate is not clear and even contradictory described in literature. To make the situation worse for an amateur the determination depends on very small and sparse plant's hairs. All dichotomous keys of genus Potentilla known to me split genus Potentilla already in a fairly early stage of determination process into two groups of plants - with and without stellar hairs. If one makes a wrong decision with respect to existence and type of these hairs the result of determination is a failure. All references state that Potentilla pusilla should have stellar hairs. Unfortunately, the authors don't agree where these hairs should be located. Ref.: (2) states 'on the whole plant', Ref.: (3) states 'at least at leaf margins', Ref.:(4) assumes they are 'on the upper and lower surface of the leafs', Ref.:(6) states 'on margins and lower and upper surface of leafs' and Ref.:(7) claims they can be found on the lower side of leafs only. Additional difficulty is the fact that these hairs are expected to be not only sparse but also very small and unevenly distributed. Although I looked for them, I haven't found them even with my good quality 10x magnifier and therefore never came to an acceptable determination of the plants photographed. Only after I was instructed to check thoroughly Potentilla pusilla traits again and I put the plant under a dissecting microscope I found these stellar hairs and hence recognized the plant. The hairs were really small and sparse. Interestingly, I noticed two types of them (in addition to vast majority of other types of hairs). The hairs of the first type are located on the lower side of the leaf surface. They are very sparse and maximally 100 m long, most of them much shorter, and without much larger central hair. Hairs of the second type are easier to find and are located here and there at the margins of leafs. They are surrounding the base of much larger (> 20 times), simple, up to 1(2) mm longleaf side hairs. Most of the second type stellar hairs are shorter than 50 m. I was unable to find stellar hairs on the upper side of leafs, leaf petioles and other parts of the plant. This 'hair picture' doesn't fit fully to any of species description known to me. But, since these hairs appear to be a very variable trait of this species, I still believe the determination is correct. Plants were growing in groups, sometimes forming quite large flat 'cushions' with many beautiful flowers.Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, SAZU, Natural History Institute Jovan Hadi. (2) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 262.(3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 484.(4) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 254. (5) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 774.(6) Rothmaler 3, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 11. Aufl., Elsevier, Spectrum (2007), p 237. (7) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bltenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 219.
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2010.06.04 Vienna X. (roadside/dam, 185 m AMSL).Habitat, here with Papaver rhoeas.German name: Hoch-FingerkrautID: Fischer & al., Exkursionsflora (2008 3rd)
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Potentilla carniolica Kern., syn.: Potentilla micrantha Ramon ssp. carniolica (Kern) GamsCarnolian Cinqufoil, DE: Krainer FingerkrautSlo.: kranjski petoprstnikDat.: April 04. 2016/2016_DSCCode: Bot_940/2016_DSC0722Lat.: 46.36035 Long.: 13.70272Habitat: grassland, former pasture, mowed once per year, flat terrain, shallow, calcareous ground, half shade, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7 - 9 deg C, elevation 600 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley between villages Soa and Trenta, lower part of Na Melu place near Trenta 2b cottage, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comment: Potentilla carniolica is, contrary to its species name (carniolica - Carniola is a historical name of a part of present Slovenia territory), actually a plant growing mainly in Dinaric mountains of Balkan Peninsula. It was initially found at the northern edge of its distribution area and hence inadequately named. It enters the Alps only on its extreme northern part of distribution area and exclusively on the territory of Slovenia. In Slovenian alpine phytogeographical region only a few stands in quite distant Kamnik Alps are known up to now. This find is the first known occurrence in the Julian Alps and at the same time the most northwestern of the known distribution area. It is also quite far from all other known stands in Slovenia and bordering regions of Italy.These plants were first observed and photographed a year ago (2015). A few of them (may be 5 - 6) grow on two spots only a few meters away. This year broader region around the find has been inspected during the blooming time with the aim to find more plants. If it were more growing on a larger area, this occurrence would probably be spontaneous. But there was no success, which of cause doesn't prove it is sub-spontaneous. The question whether this is a spontaneous occurrence or not remains unanswered although no reasonably probable way of their anthropogenic introduction can be imagined (Ref.:6). Picture 22b shows minute differences in leaves of very similar and common wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca). Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 256. (2) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 782.(3) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske (Flora of Croatia) (in Croatian), kolska Knjiga, Zagreb (1994), p 172.(4) N. Jogan (ed.), Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije (Materials for the Atlas of Flora of Slovenia), CKSF (2001), p 297.(5) A. Trnkoczy, I. Dakskobler, Potentilla carniolica A. Kerner, Prvo znano nahajalie v Julijskih Alpah, najbolj zahodno v celotnem arealu vrste (The first occurence in the Julian Alps and the most west of the known distribution are) (In Slovenian), Hladnikia, Botanical Society of Slovenia (2015), Vol 36. p 56.
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Potentilla tommasiniana F.Schultz, syn.: Potentilla cinerea Chaix & Vill. ssp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Gerstb. Potentilla acaulis subsp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Sojk, Potentilla arenaria subsp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Th. Wolf, Potentilla cinerea subsp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Velen.EN: Tommasini's Cinquefoil, DE: Tommasini-FingerkrautSlo.: Tomasinijev petoprstnikDat.: April 7. 2011Lat.: 46.05645 Long.: 13.50038Code: Bot_501/2011_IMG4299Habitat: Grassland next to a local road; slightly inclined hill slope, southwest aspect; dry place; full sun; elevation 135 m (440 feet); average precipitations 1.800-2.000 mm/year, average temperature 12-14 deg C, Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Northeast of village Golo Brdo, next to the first switchback of the road leading east toward village Kobana, Gorika Brda, Slovenia EC.Comment: Potentilla tommasiniana is another beautiful species of large genus cinquefoil Potentilla. It is named by Muzio Tommasini an amateur botanist from Trieste, Italy active in 19th century, who was thoroughly familiar with flora of surrounding territories, which are today parts of Slovenia. Potentilla tommasiniana is primarily a warmth loving East (sub)Mediterranean species. At first glance it doesn't differ much from other yellow blooming relatives. The main characteristics are grayish-green, densely haired leaves and stalks, presence of stellate hairs (in addition to other types of hairs), ternate ground leaves (upper ones are often palmate with five leaflets) and inflorescences with several flowers. However, Potentilla tommasiniana is very variable and its taxonomy is quite unsettled. Some sources do not recognize it at all and consider it as a synonym of Potentilla cinerea (Ref.: 5). Others recognize it on subspecies level either as Potentilla cinerea ssp. tommasiniana (Ref.: 3, 8) or of Potentilla acaulis ssp. tommasiniana (Ref.: 11) or Potentilla arenaria var. tommasiniana (Flora Europaea cited in Ref.: 9). The EuroMed Plant Database (Ref.: 4), Slovenian botany key (Ref. 2) as well as Croatian key (Ref.: 7) and several other sources recognize it on species level. Aeschimann, Flora Alpina (Ref.: 8) considers Potentilla tommasiniana taxonomically questionable taxon. The species is known from warmer regions of northeast Italy (Ref.: 6, 11), southwest Slovenia (Ref.: 10) and warmer regions of Croatia, Bosnia and Hercegovina (Ref.: 9). Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Jovan Hadi Institute of Biology, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 255. (3) W.K. Rottensteiner, Exkursionsflora fr Istrien, Verlag des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins Krten (2014), p 817.(4)
ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameCache=Poten... (accessed Oct.22. 2018)(5) Flora Croatica Database (FCD), Department of Botany, Faculty of science, FER-ZPR, University of Zagreb (2004);
hirc.botanic.hr/fcd (accessed Oct. 23. 2018)(6) KeytoNature / Dryades Project
dbiodbs.units.it/carso/chiavi_pub28?usr=admin&n=960&a... (accessed Oct. 22. 2018)(7) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske (Flora of Croatia) (in Croatian), kolska Knjiga, Zagreb (1994), p 174.(8) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Appendix A4, Haupt (2004), p 1187.(9) S. Redzic, Chorologic and phenological characteristics of the populations of the species Potentilla tommasiniana F.W. Schultz in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Stvdia Botanica 12: 219-235, 1994. (10) N. Jogan (ed.), Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije (Materials for the Atlas of Flora of Slovenia), CKSF (2001), p 299.(11) L. Poldini, Nuovo Atlante corologico delle piante vascolari nel Friuli Venezia Giulia, University of Trieste (2002), p 383.
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Potentilla aurea L.Golden Cinquefoil, DE: Gold-FingerkrautSlo.: zlati petoprstnik, zlati prstnikDat.: June 6. 2015Lat.: 46.43721 Long.: 13.63978Code: Bot_884/2015_IMG8131Habitat: Stony alpine grassland, road side, southwest oriented mountain slope; open, sunny and dry place; calcareous, skeletal ground, exposed to direct rain, elevation 1.860 m (6.100 feet), average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 0 - 2 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: soil.Place: Mt. Mangart flats, at the beginning of the access road to the mountain cottage 'Koa na Mangartu', East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Potentilla aurea is a common and eye-catching plant of Julian Alps. Its numerous, deep yellow flowers are noticed from far. Yet, it has a close relative, namely Potentilla crantzii, which is very similar to it in habitus and flower size, shape and color and it is even more frequent. Both species grow in the whole Alpine belt and other European mountains. If one wants to distinguish between both, he has to look at their leaves carefully. They are generally similar too, but Potentilla aurea has long, half appressed, silky hairs along their edge. These hairs are often so dense that the leaves seem to have a silvery band all around, but sometimes they are not so conspicuous and a hand lens is of great help to see them. According to literature, there is another distinguishing parameter - size of the top-most, middle tooth of the serrate leaves. With Potentilla aurea it should be smaller than other teeth, while with Potentilla crantzii it should be of about the same size. But, to my experience, this trait is variable and one has to observe several leaves before making a decision. Also the yellow color of the flowers of the Potentilla aurea is deeper and more golden than with Potentilla crantzii. However, also here the flower color is variable and one needs some experience with both species to be able to differentiate them based on flower color only. Ref.:(1) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 772.(2) T. Wraber, 2 x Sto alpskih rastlin na Slovenskem, Preernova druba (2006) (in Slovene), p 81.(3) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 255. (4) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 483.
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Potentilla micrantha Ramond ex DC.Pink Barren Strawberry, DE: Kleibltiges Fingerkraut, Erdbeer-FingerkrautSlo.: drobnocvetni petoprstnikDat.: March 18.1 2016Lat.: 46.19097 Long.: 13.75258Code: Bot_937/2016_DSC0595Habitat: small woodland openings in predominantly broad leaved wood, Fagus sylvatica and Ostrya carpinifolia dominant with some scattered Picea abies; calcareous (Bot_937/2016_DSC0595) and marly (Bot_937/2016_DSC0603) ground; steep mountain slope, southwest aspect; warm and moderately dry place; elevation 610 m (2.000 feet) (Bot_937/2016_DSC0595) and 760 m (2.500 feet) (Bot_937/2016_DSC0603); average precipitations ~ 2.500 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Tolmin region, next to the trail from village abe to Mt. Tolminski Triglav, 1.142 m (3.750 feet), above conspicuous calcareous cliffs, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Potentilla micrantha is one of about ten white blooming species of very large genus Potentilla and similarly looking Fragaria. Many more than that bloom yellow. It is a common plant neither in Slovenia nor in neighboring Austria and Italy nor in Switzerland. On the other hand it is very widely distributed in the (mostly south) Alps, almost all other European mountains from Pyrenees to Carpathians including Balkan peninsula. It is a Mediterranean montane floral element. The plant has tiny but beautiful flowers. It is not easy to find it but it can be easily recognized by dark red base of the inner side of sepals, flattened stamens which are minutely hairy at the base (hand lens needed) and the lack of stolons, which are otherwise quite frequent in genera Potentilla and Fragaria.Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Natural History Institute 'Jovan Hadi', SAZU.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 481.(3) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 256. (4) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 780.(5) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 250.
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Potentilla norvegica L., syn.: Potentilla flexuosa Raf., Potentilla labradorica Lehm., Potentilla norvegica subsp. hirsuta (Mich.) Hylan., Potentilla norvegica subsp. monspeliensis (L.) Ascher. & Graebn.Norwegian Cinquefoil, Rough Cinquefoil, Snowy Cinquefoil, Tall Fivefinger, DE: Norwegen-FingerkrautSlo.: norveki petoprstnikDat.: July 5. 2017Lat.: 46.32110 Long.: 13.51664Code: Bot_1072/2017_DSC8215Habitat: wood edge, road side, semiruderal place, flat terrain, alluvial terrace, calcareous ground, partly sunny; elevation 350 m (1.150 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Bovec basin, near Podklopca settlement, at the end of the dirt road leading to Soa river bed, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Potentilla norvegica is another member of large genus Potentilla (about 500 species have been described worldwide), which doesn't 'respect' its name. Its leaves have three leaflets and not fife as its common names suggest. Potentilla norvegica is a variable species. The origin of this species is not completely clear. Some authors distinguish two subspecies: Potentilla norvegica subsp. hirsuta (Mich.) Hyl. with obovate leaflets, which is supposed to be native in North America, and Potentilla norvegica subsp. norvegica, which is an Eurasian taxon.Species is rather rare in Slovenia and also rare and protected in neighboring countries Austria (Ref.2) and Croatia (Ref.7). Other authors consider it as a weed, currently spreading and of no concern regarding protection. This find is, to our present knowledge, one of the very few in the Upper Posoje region and the first in MTB9647 square (Central European Flora Mapping). Ref.:(1) Leg. & Det. A. Trnkoczy, Conf. Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 482.(3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 768.(4) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 255. (5)
alienplantsbelgium.be/content/potentilla-norvegica# (July 6. 2017)(6)
www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=2... (July 6. 2017)(7)
hirc.botanic.hr/fcd/ShowResults.aspx?hash=-1331482982 (July 6. 2017)(8) E.J. Jger, Rothmaler 3, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 11. Aufl., Elsevier, Spectrum (2007), p 236.
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Potentilla pusilla Host, syn.: Potentilla puberula Kraan, Potentilla gaudinii Gremli, Potentilla cinerea, P. verna L., subsp. puberula (Kraan) Hegi, P. glandulifera KraanDE.: Grauflaumiges Fingerkraut, Flaum-Fingerkraut, Sternhaarige Frhlings-Fingerkraut Slo.: pritlini petoprstnikDat.: April 23. 2014 and April 27. 2014Lat.: 46.36053 Long.: 13.70211Code: Bot_792/2014_IMG5350 and Bot_793/2014_DSC0618Habitat: former stony pasture; old overgrown scree, slightly southeast inclined slope; calcareous ground; dry, nutrients poor, shallow soil layer, among low grasses and mosses; sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 610 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, near Trenta 2b cottage, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Potentilla pusilla is a Middle and South European plant growing in almost all parts of Alps and one of almost 30 species of this genus growing in Slovenia (and one of about 500 worldwide). It is an example of species, which is not easy to determine. Ref.:(3) frankly states that distinguishing it from other species, which also belong to Potentilla verna aggregate is not clear and even contradictory described in literature. To make the situation worse for an amateur the determination depends on very small and sparse plant's hairs. All dichotomous keys of genus Potentilla known to me split genus Potentilla already in a fairly early stage of determination process into two groups of plants - with and without stellar hairs. If one makes a wrong decision with respect to existence and type of these hairs the result of determination is a failure. All references state that Potentilla pusilla should have stellar hairs. Unfortunately, the authors don't agree where these hairs should be located. Ref.: (2) states 'on the whole plant', Ref.: (3) states 'at least at leaf margins', Ref.:(4) assumes they are 'on the upper and lower surface of the leafs', Ref.:(6) states 'on margins and lower and upper surface of leafs' and Ref.:(7) claims they can be found on the lower side of leafs only. Additional difficulty is the fact that these hairs are expected to be not only sparse but also very small and unevenly distributed. Although I looked for them, I haven't found them even with my good quality 10x magnifier and therefore never came to an acceptable determination of the plants photographed. Only after I was instructed to check thoroughly Potentilla pusilla traits again and I put the plant under a dissecting microscope I found these stellar hairs and hence recognized the plant. The hairs were really small and sparse. Interestingly, I noticed two types of them (in addition to vast majority of other types of hairs). The hairs of the first type are located on the lower side of the leaf surface. They are very sparse and maximally 100 m long, most of them much shorter, and without much larger central hair. Hairs of the second type are easier to find and are located here and there at the margins of leafs. They are surrounding the base of much larger (> 20 times), simple, up to 1(2) mm longleaf side hairs. Most of the second type stellar hairs are shorter than 50 m. I was unable to find stellar hairs on the upper side of leafs, leaf petioles and other parts of the plant. This 'hair picture' doesn't fit fully to any of species description known to me. But, since these hairs appear to be a very variable trait of this species, I still believe the determination is correct. Plants were growing in groups, sometimes forming quite large flat 'cushions' with many beautiful flowers.Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, SAZU, Natural History Institute Jovan Hadi. (2) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 262.(3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 484.(4) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 254. (5) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 774.(6) Rothmaler 3, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 11. Aufl., Elsevier, Spectrum (2007), p 237. (7) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bltenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 219.
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2010.05.28 Vienna XXII. (roadside, near a corn field, 155 m AMSL).Habitus.German name: Hoch-Fingerkraut
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Potentilla carniolica Kern., syn.: Potentilla micrantha Ramon ssp. carniolica (Kern) GamsCarnolian Cinqufoil, DE: Krainer FingerkrautSlo.: kranjski petoprstnikDat.: April 04. 2016/2016_DSCCode: Bot_940/2016_DSC0722Lat.: 46.36035 Long.: 13.70272Habitat: grassland, former pasture, mowed once per year, flat terrain, shallow, calcareous ground, half shade, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7 - 9 deg C, elevation 600 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley between villages Soa and Trenta, lower part of Na Melu place near Trenta 2b cottage, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comment: Potentilla carniolica is, contrary to its species name (carniolica - Carniola is a historical name of a part of present Slovenia territory), actually a plant growing mainly in Dinaric mountains of Balkan Peninsula. It was initially found at the northern edge of its distribution area and hence inadequately named. It enters the Alps only on its extreme northern part of distribution area and exclusively on the territory of Slovenia. In Slovenian alpine phytogeographical region only a few stands in quite distant Kamnik Alps are known up to now. This find is the first known occurrence in the Julian Alps and at the same time the most northwestern of the known distribution area. It is also quite far from all other known stands in Slovenia and bordering regions of Italy.These plants were first observed and photographed a year ago (2015). A few of them (may be 5 - 6) grow on two spots only a few meters away. This year broader region around the find has been inspected during the blooming time with the aim to find more plants. If it were more growing on a larger area, this occurrence would probably be spontaneous. But there was no success, which of cause doesn't prove it is sub-spontaneous. The question whether this is a spontaneous occurrence or not remains unanswered although no reasonably probable way of their anthropogenic introduction can be imagined (Ref.:6). Picture 22b shows minute differences in leaves of very similar and common wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca). Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 256. (2) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 782.(3) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske (Flora of Croatia) (in Croatian), kolska Knjiga, Zagreb (1994), p 172.(4) N. Jogan (ed.), Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije (Materials for the Atlas of Flora of Slovenia), CKSF (2001), p 297.(5) A. Trnkoczy, I. Dakskobler, Potentilla carniolica A. Kerner, Prvo znano nahajalie v Julijskih Alpah, najbolj zahodno v celotnem arealu vrste (The first occurence in the Julian Alps and the most west of the known distribution are) (In Slovenian), Hladnikia, Botanical Society of Slovenia (2015), Vol 36. p 56.
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Potentilla tommasiniana F.Schultz, syn.: Potentilla cinerea Chaix & Vill. ssp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Gerstb. Potentilla acaulis subsp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Sojk, Potentilla arenaria subsp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Th. Wolf, Potentilla cinerea subsp. tommasiniana (F. Schultz) Velen.EN: Tommasini's Cinquefoil, DE: Tommasini-FingerkrautSlo.: Tomasinijev petoprstnikDat.: April 7. 2011Lat.: 46.05645 Long.: 13.50038Code: Bot_501/2011_IMG4299Habitat: Grassland next to a local road; slightly inclined hill slope, southwest aspect; dry place; full sun; elevation 135 m (440 feet); average precipitations 1.800-2.000 mm/year, average temperature 12-14 deg C, Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Northeast of village Golo Brdo, next to the first switchback of the road leading east toward village Kobana, Gorika Brda, Slovenia EC.Comment: Potentilla tommasiniana is another beautiful species of large genus cinquefoil Potentilla. It is named by Muzio Tommasini an amateur botanist from Trieste, Italy active in 19th century, who was thoroughly familiar with flora of surrounding territories, which are today parts of Slovenia. Potentilla tommasiniana is primarily a warmth loving East (sub)Mediterranean species. At first glance it doesn't differ much from other yellow blooming relatives. The main characteristics are grayish-green, densely haired leaves and stalks, presence of stellate hairs (in addition to other types of hairs), ternate ground leaves (upper ones are often palmate with five leaflets) and inflorescences with several flowers. However, Potentilla tommasiniana is very variable and its taxonomy is quite unsettled. Some sources do not recognize it at all and consider it as a synonym of Potentilla cinerea (Ref.: 5). Others recognize it on subspecies level either as Potentilla cinerea ssp. tommasiniana (Ref.: 3, 8) or of Potentilla acaulis ssp. tommasiniana (Ref.: 11) or Potentilla arenaria var. tommasiniana (Flora Europaea cited in Ref.: 9). The EuroMed Plant Database (Ref.: 4), Slovenian botany key (Ref. 2) as well as Croatian key (Ref.: 7) and several other sources recognize it on species level. Aeschimann, Flora Alpina (Ref.: 8) considers Potentilla tommasiniana taxonomically questionable taxon. The species is known from warmer regions of northeast Italy (Ref.: 6, 11), southwest Slovenia (Ref.: 10) and warmer regions of Croatia, Bosnia and Hercegovina (Ref.: 9). Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Jovan Hadi Institute of Biology, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 255. (3) W.K. Rottensteiner, Exkursionsflora fr Istrien, Verlag des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins Krten (2014), p 817.(4)
ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameCache=Poten... (accessed Oct.22. 2018)(5) Flora Croatica Database (FCD), Department of Botany, Faculty of science, FER-ZPR, University of Zagreb (2004);
hirc.botanic.hr/fcd (accessed Oct. 23. 2018)(6) KeytoNature / Dryades Project
dbiodbs.units.it/carso/chiavi_pub28?usr=admin&n=960&a... (accessed Oct. 22. 2018)(7) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske (Flora of Croatia) (in Croatian), kolska Knjiga, Zagreb (1994), p 174.(8) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Appendix A4, Haupt (2004), p 1187.(9) S. Redzic, Chorologic and phenological characteristics of the populations of the species Potentilla tommasiniana F.W. Schultz in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Stvdia Botanica 12: 219-235, 1994. (10) N. Jogan (ed.), Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije (Materials for the Atlas of Flora of Slovenia), CKSF (2001), p 299.(11) L. Poldini, Nuovo Atlante corologico delle piante vascolari nel Friuli Venezia Giulia, University of Trieste (2002), p 383.
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Potentilla micrantha Ramond ex DC.Pink Barren Strawberry, DE: Kleibltiges Fingerkraut, Erdbeer-FingerkrautSlo.: drobnocvetni petoprstnikLat.: 46.19273 Long.: 13.75696Code: Bot_937/2016_DSC0603Habitat: small woodland openings in predominantly broad leaved wood, Fagus sylvatica and Ostrya carpinifolia dominant with some scattered Picea abies; calcareous (Bot_937/2016_DSC0595) and marly (Bot_937/2016_DSC0603) ground; steep mountain slope, southwest aspect; warm and moderately dry place; elevation 610 m (2.000 feet) (Bot_937/2016_DSC0595) and 760 m (2.500 feet) (Bot_937/2016_DSC0603); average precipitations ~ 2.500 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Tolmin region, next to the trail from village abe to Mt. Tolminski Triglav, 1.142 m (3.750 feet), above conspicuous calcareous cliffs, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Potentilla micrantha is one of about ten white blooming species of very large genus Potentilla and similarly looking Fragaria. Many more than that bloom yellow. It is a common plant neither in Slovenia nor in neighboring Austria and Italy nor in Switzerland. On the other hand it is very widely distributed in the (mostly south) Alps, almost all other European mountains from Pyrenees to Carpathians including Balkan peninsula. It is a Mediterranean montane floral element. The plant has tiny but beautiful flowers. It is not easy to find it but it can be easily recognized by dark red base of the inner side of sepals, flattened stamens which are minutely hairy at the base (hand lens needed) and the lack of stolons, which are otherwise quite frequent in genera Potentilla and Fragaria.Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Natural History Institute 'Jovan Hadi', SAZU.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 481.(3) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 256. (4) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 780.(5) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 250.
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Potentilla norvegica L., syn.: Potentilla flexuosa Raf., Potentilla labradorica Lehm., Potentilla norvegica subsp. hirsuta (Mich.) Hylan., Potentilla norvegica subsp. monspeliensis (L.) Ascher. & Graebn.Norwegian Cinquefoil, Rough Cinquefoil, Snowy Cinquefoil, Tall Fivefinger, DE: Norwegen-FingerkrautSlo.: norveki petoprstnikDat.: July 5. 2017Lat.: 46.32110 Long.: 13.51664Code: Bot_1072/2017_DSC8215Habitat: wood edge, road side, semiruderal place, flat terrain, alluvial terrace, calcareous ground, partly sunny; elevation 350 m (1.150 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Bovec basin, near Podklopca settlement, at the end of the dirt road leading to Soa river bed, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Potentilla norvegica is another member of large genus Potentilla (about 500 species have been described worldwide), which doesn't 'respect' its name. Its leaves have three leaflets and not fife as its common names suggest. Potentilla norvegica is a variable species. The origin of this species is not completely clear. Some authors distinguish two subspecies: Potentilla norvegica subsp. hirsuta (Mich.) Hyl. with obovate leaflets, which is supposed to be native in North America, and Potentilla norvegica subsp. norvegica, which is an Eurasian taxon.Species is rather rare in Slovenia and also rare and protected in neighboring countries Austria (Ref.2) and Croatia (Ref.7). Other authors consider it as a weed, currently spreading and of no concern regarding protection. This find is, to our present knowledge, one of the very few in the Upper Posoje region and the first in MTB9647 square (Central European Flora Mapping). Ref.:(1) Leg. & Det. A. Trnkoczy, Conf. Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 482.(3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 768.(4) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 255. (5)
alienplantsbelgium.be/content/potentilla-norvegica# (July 6. 2017)(6)
www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=2... (July 6. 2017)(7)
hirc.botanic.hr/fcd/ShowResults.aspx?hash=-1331482982 (July 6. 2017)(8) E.J. Jger, Rothmaler 3, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 11. Aufl., Elsevier, Spectrum (2007), p 236.
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Potentilla pusilla Host, syn.: Potentilla puberula Kraan, Potentilla gaudinii Gremli, Potentilla cinerea, P. verna L., subsp. puberula (Kraan) Hegi, P. glandulifera KraanDE.: Grauflaumiges Fingerkraut, Flaum-Fingerkraut, Sternhaarige Frhlings-Fingerkraut Slo.: pritlini petoprstnikDat.: April 23. 2014 and April 27. 2014Lat.: 46.36053 Long.: 13.70211Code: Bot_792/2014_IMG5350 and Bot_793/2014_DSC0618Habitat: former stony pasture; old overgrown scree, slightly southeast inclined slope; calcareous ground; dry, nutrients poor, shallow soil layer, among low grasses and mosses; sunny place, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 610 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, near Trenta 2b cottage, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comment: Potentilla pusilla is a Middle and South European plant growing in almost all parts of Alps and one of almost 30 species of this genus growing in Slovenia (and one of about 500 worldwide). It is an example of species, which is not easy to determine. Ref.:(3) frankly states that distinguishing it from other species, which also belong to Potentilla verna aggregate is not clear and even contradictory described in literature. To make the situation worse for an amateur the determination depends on very small and sparse plant's hairs. All dichotomous keys of genus Potentilla known to me split genus Potentilla already in a fairly early stage of determination process into two groups of plants - with and without stellar hairs. If one makes a wrong decision with respect to existence and type of these hairs the result of determination is a failure. All references state that Potentilla pusilla should have stellar hairs. Unfortunately, the authors don't agree where these hairs should be located. Ref.: (2) states 'on the whole plant', Ref.: (3) states 'at least at leaf margins', Ref.:(4) assumes they are 'on the upper and lower surface of the leafs', Ref.:(6) states 'on margins and lower and upper surface of leafs' and Ref.:(7) claims they can be found on the lower side of leafs only. Additional difficulty is the fact that these hairs are expected to be not only sparse but also very small and unevenly distributed. Although I looked for them, I haven't found them even with my good quality 10x magnifier and therefore never came to an acceptable determination of the plants photographed. Only after I was instructed to check thoroughly Potentilla pusilla traits again and I put the plant under a dissecting microscope I found these stellar hairs and hence recognized the plant. The hairs were really small and sparse. Interestingly, I noticed two types of them (in addition to vast majority of other types of hairs). The hairs of the first type are located on the lower side of the leaf surface. They are very sparse and maximally 100 m long, most of them much shorter, and without much larger central hair. Hairs of the second type are easier to find and are located here and there at the margins of leafs. They are surrounding the base of much larger (> 20 times), simple, up to 1(2) mm longleaf side hairs. Most of the second type stellar hairs are shorter than 50 m. I was unable to find stellar hairs on the upper side of leafs, leaf petioles and other parts of the plant. This 'hair picture' doesn't fit fully to any of species description known to me. But, since these hairs appear to be a very variable trait of this species, I still believe the determination is correct. Plants were growing in groups, sometimes forming quite large flat 'cushions' with many beautiful flowers.Ref.:(1) Personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, SAZU, Natural History Institute Jovan Hadi. (2) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 262.(3) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora sterreich Liechtenstein, Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 484.(4) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 254. (5) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 774.(6) Rothmaler 3, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 11. Aufl., Elsevier, Spectrum (2007), p 237. (7) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bltenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p 219.
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Potentilla recta L., syn.: Fragaria recta (L.) Crantz, Pentaphyllum rectum (L.) Nieuwl., Potentilla hirta subsp. recta (L.) Briq., Potentilla fallacina Wooszczak, Potentilla pseudopallida Siegfr.Family: RosaceaeEN: Sulphur cinquefoil, Rough-fruited cinquefoil, DE: Hohe Fingerkraut, Hoch-FingerkrautSlo.: pokonni petoprstnikDat.: May 20 2007Lat.: 45.00586 Long.: 13.81330 (WGS84)Code: Bot_0189/2007_DSC8041Habitat: grassland partly overgrown with bushes, close to a local road; flat terrain, skeletal, calcareous ground; full sun, dry place; elevation 125 m (410 feet); average precipitations 800 - 900 mm/year, average temperature 12-13 deg C, Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Next to the old road from village Bale to town Pula, at the turn toward village Gajana; Istria, Croatia EC. Comment: (relates to the album Potentilla recta):Genus Potentilla is huge. There are about 500 species described, about 70 grow in Europe and almost 30 of them in Slovenia. They all have characteristic palmate leaves and flowers with five petals (some exceptions exist). Usually, there is little problem with their identification. Sulphur cinquefoil (Potentilla recta) is the tallest of all of them in my country, which means even less problems with determination. It can grow up to 70-80 cm. The species is native to much of Europe, Asia, and parts of North America, and it can be found in other parts of the world as an introduced species. There exist places where it is considered invasive. It is traditionally used in medicine because of its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.Ref.(1) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1,, Haupt (2004), p 768.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 255. (3)
wiki.bugwood.org/Potentilla_recta (accessed March 11. 2021)(4) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 481.