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Botanisk Have Århus
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Oxford Botanical Garden United Kingdom
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Århus Botaniske Have
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Liriodendron tulipiferaLiriodendron tulipifera flowers and foliage, Argyle Lake State Park, Colchester, IL, USA.Source: Macomb Paynes at
Flickr.
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Hydnora africana root growing alongside Euphorbia rootA Hydnora africana that has numerous contacts with a Euphorbia (white) root. The Euphorbia roots form pad like structures. The nature of the underground axis (stem or root?) in Hydnora is not easy to determine with certainty, because there are no close relatives of Hydnora, and Hydnora is highly specialized for parasitism. However, there are reasons to favor the concept that the Hydnora axes are roots rather than stems. The growing tips show no evidence of reduced leaves at all, and there are no reduced leaves adjacent to the bases of the flowers. The five or six longitudinal rows of stubby roots on the axis remind one of patterns of lateral root formation on roots, whereas lateral roots that form on stems of plants don't tend to form neat longitudinal rows. And flowering plants other than Hydnora that are root parasites form roots (as in Orobanche), not underground stems, that interconnect with roots of host plants.
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Ava or Kava (Macropiper methysticum), Tahiti.
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Umbellularia Greculandrea (Lamarck).
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Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee, US
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Radnor Lake State Natural Area, Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee, US
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Madre de Dios, Peru
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Charcos, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
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El Giral, Colon, Panama
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Charcos, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
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The Birmingham Botanical Gardens & Glasshouses (UK)
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Distinguishing Characteristics:-three leaf types: 1, 2 or 3 lobed-citrus-like scent when leaves are crushed or bark is scratched
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Manyara, Tanzania
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Aristolochia rotunda L.Family: Aristolochiaceae Juss.EN: Smearwort, Round-leaved Birthwort; DE: Rundknollige OsterluzeiSlo.: okroglolistni podraecDate: Apr. 23. 2006Lat.: 44.3851 Long.: 14.7931 (WGS84)Code: Bot_114/2006_DSC0091Habitat: Sea shore, about 30 m from the sea; flat terrain; stony, calcareous ground, among bushes, relatively moist place, mostly in shade; elevation 3 m (10 feet); average precipitations ~ 1.000 mm/year, average temperature 12-13 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Place: Adriatic Sea shore, island Olib, Slatenica bay, Dalmatia, Croatia EC.Substratum: soil.Comment: (relates to the album Aristolochia rotunda):Members of the genus Aristolochia are all plants with bizarre looking and highly specialized flowers. The flowers of the species Aristolochia rotunda can be up to 5 cm long. They work as temporary traps for small insects. Once the insects descend into the flower tube to reach honey, special hairs inside prevent them to escape back to freedom until they fertilize it. After successful pollination the hairs sag and the doors to freedom open again.The whole plant is poisonous. It contains aristolochic acids, which are known for their carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. In spite of this, it is the exclusive food for larvae of the beautiful and rare butterfly Zerynthia polyxena. Since larvae feed with the leaves, they themselves become poisonous. The poisons serve as a 'weapon' against their predators. Birds are very well informed about this fact!The species is an Circum-Mediterranean floral element and is quite common along the Croatian Adriatic Sea shore and on Adriatic islands, including warmest regions of Slovenia. Ref.(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 120. (2) I. Schnfelder, P. Schnfelder, Kosmos Atlas Mittelmeer- und Kanarenflora, Kosmos, (2002), p 30.
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Photo taken in or near Amani Nature ReserveEast Usambara Mountains, TanzaniaBy N.J. CordeiroPost-Production by J. Quicho
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Photo taken in or near Amani Nature ReserveEast Usambara Mountains, TanzaniaBy C.E. SeltzerPost-Production by J. Quicho
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Cabo, Pernambuco, Brazil