Lacewings And Relatives

Klostermølle

Randers Fjord

Figure 2.Head and thorax, dorsal, first instar A Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) divisus B Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) fumosus C Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) geayi D Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) lineafrons E Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) spinellus. Abbreviations: epi-l epicranial marking, lateral arm epi-m epicranial marking, mesal arm fr frontal marking post postfrontal marking T1Sc1 first primary prothoracic sclerite T2Sc3 third primary mesothoracic sclerite T3R1 metathoracic row of robust, thorny setae.

Figure 7.Kymachrysa intacta male abdomen. A Abdominal segments 4 to terminus (lateral), with genitalia everted B Gonarcal complex (dorsal) C Everted genitalia (dorsolateral), showing dorsal membranous sacs D Gonapsis (lateral), hypandrium internum (dorsal) E Gonapsis (ventral). A, D California, TRC B, E New York, TRC; C Colorado, CPG. Abbreviations: gc gonocornu gps gonapsis g.a. gonarcal apodeme g.b. gonarcal bridge g.c. gonarcal complex h.i. V-shaped hypandrium internum med mediuncus m.s. membranous sac Sx sternite, number S8+9 fused eighth and ninth sternites T8 eighth tergite T9+e fused ninth tergite and ectoproct.

Midtsjælland

Ulla Hau, Fårø, Gotland, Sverige

Hobro

Klostermølle

Randers Fjord

Figure 3.Head and thorax, dorsal, second instar A Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) divisus B Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) fumosus C Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) geayi D Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) lineafrons E Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) spinellus. Abbreviations: epi-l epicranial marking, lateral arm epi-m epicranial marking, mesal arm fr frontal marking post postfrontal marking T1Sc1, T1Sc2 first and second primary prothoracic sclerites T2Sc3 third primary mesothoracic sclerite T3R1 metathoracic row of robust, thorny setae.

Figure 9.Larval characteristics that distinguish Kymachrysa from Chrysopodes. A, B Raised metathoracic posterior fold [Arrows indicate dark setal bases with distinctive anterior markings] C–F Setae on raised metathoracic fold [Note slender, curved structure, granular surface (Kymachrysa) vs robust, erect structure, thorny surface (Chrysopodes)] A, C, E Kymachrysa intacta (Californa, TRC) B, D, F Chrysopodes geayi (Rio de Janeiro, TRC).

Hobro, Jylland, Danmark

Vänern ved Karlstad

Figure 4.Head and thorax, dorsal, third instar A Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) divisus B Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) fumosus C Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) geayi D Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) lineafrons E Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) spinellus. Abbreviations: epi-l epicranial marking, lateral arm epi-m epicranial marking, mesal arm fr frontal marking post postfrontal marking T1Sc1, T1Sc2 first and second primary prothoracic sclerites.

Figure 4.Kymachrysa placita external adult features. Note variation in darkness and size of head markings, prothoracic size and shape. A, B Head (dorsal) C, D Head (frontal) E Head, prothorax (lateral) F, G Head, prothorax, mesothorax (dorsal) H Head, thorax (lateral) [Background with small piece of abdomen visible]. A, C, E, F Wyoming, SDNHM; B, D, G, H Colorado, CPG.

Hobro, Jylland, Danmark

Vänern ved Karlstad

Figure 19.Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) lineafrons, first instar A Habitus, lateral B Head, lateral C Abdominal segments A1 to A5, dorsal D Abdominal segments A6 to A10, dorsal. Abbreviations: A2, A4, A6, A8, A10 abdominal segments A1R1, A1R2 anterior and posterior rows of submedian setae (SMS) on first abdominal segment A2R1, A2R2 anterior and posterior rows of SMS on second abdominal segment A4LT lateral tubercle on fourth abdominal segment A6LDT, A6LT laterodorsal tubercle, lateral tubercle on sixth abdominal segment ge genal marking T3R1 row of long, sturdy, thorny setae on raised posterior fold of metathorax.

Figure 8.A, B Integument of fifth abdominal sternite. A Kymachrysa placita, without microtholi [typical of Kymachrysa placita and some Kymachrysa intacta populations (see text)] B Kymachrysa intacta, with microtholi (typical of some populations). C, D Prothoracic tarsal claw. C Kymachrysa placita D Kymachrysa intacta. A Type, Colorado, MCZ; B California, TRC; C Wyoming, SDNHM; D Minnesota, CMNH.

Hobro, Jylland, Danmark

Vänern ved Karlstad

Figure 20.Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) lineafrons, second instar A Head, dorsal B Head, lateral C Head and thorax, dorsal D Abdominal segments A1 to A5, dorsal E Habitus, lateral F Abdominal segments A6 to A10, dorsal.

Figure 6.Kymachrysa placita male abdomen. A Abdominal segments 3 to terminus (lateral), with genitalia everted B Gonarcal complex (dorsal) C Genitalia (everted–including gonapsis, lateral) D Gonapsis (ventral) E Hypandrium internum nestled within membrane [Gonapsis not in focus, shown for relative scale]. All Types, Colorado, MCZ Abbreviations: gc gonocornu gps gonapsis g.a. gonarcal apodeme g.b. gonarcal bridge g.c. gonarcal complex h.i. V-shaped hypandrium internum med mediuncus m.s. membranous sac S7 seventh sternite S8+9 fused eighth and ninth sternites Tx tergite, number T9+e fused ninth tergite and ectoproct.

Hobro, Jylland, Danmark