This species can be found in a part of thePatagonian steppe ecoregion, a biome that extends approximately from the mid-Andean Precordillera southward, terminating immediately north of the Strait of Magellan near the Rio Gallegos. This steppe is bounded on the west by the cold temperate forest slopes of the Andes Range, and on the east by the Atlantic Ocean. It extends northwest as shrubland steppe and to the north as thorn thicket, gradually making the transition to Argentine Monte. This area is a cold desert scrub steppe, with very high wind velocities throughout the year, as well as year around frosts likely. This ecoregion has high levels of endemism for both plants and animals.
In general, the vegetation of this steppe ecoregion is xerophytic and highly adapted for protection against drought, wind, and herbivores. The vegetation is considered strongly related to Andean flora however the average numbers of endemic species for dominant families is very high with as much as 60 percent endemism in Leguminosae and 33 percent in Compositae families. Three main types of vegetative communities are exhibited in the Patagonian steppe. The most common type is semi-desert (45%), with shrub-steppe (30%) in second place, and grass-steppe (20%) in third place in terms of percent of occurrence. Desert-like areas also exist here with little to no vegetative cover; however, some wet meadow areas are present which have close to 100% plant cover.
This taxon is one of the set of amphibians present in the Patagonian steppe; the complete set of amphibians (not necessarily sympatric) in this ecoregion is as follows:the Endangered Andalgala Water Frog (Telmatobius scrocchii), a limited range anuran known only from the El Ingenio stream and tributaries the Río Arenal, Redonda and Lio los Cerrillos, in the Campo Arenal area of Catamarca Province, northwestern Argentina; Argentine Toad (Rhinella arenarum), found in ponds and stagnant bogs; El Rincon Stream Frog (Somuncuria somuncurensis); Gray Four-eyed Frog (Pleurodema bufoninum), an anuran typically found beneath rocks or under vegetation; Island Spiny-chest Frog (Alsodes monticola), known to only a single location at Inchy in coastal southern Chile; Laguna Raimunda Frog (Atelognathus reverberii), known from merely five lagoons on the Somuncura Plateau, an isolated basaltic plateau in Río Negro Province, Argentina; Las Bayas Creek Frog (Atelognathus solitarius);, found only at Las Bayas Creek, 48 kilometres south from Pilcaniyeu, Río Negro Province, Argentina; Olive Spiny-chest Frog (Alsodes verrucosus), occurring in only two localities in Andean Chile: Cautin and Puyehue; Patagonia Frog (Atelognathus patagonicus), found in isolated lagoons, rocky and volcanic areas bordering Laguna Blanca; the Vulnerable Portezuelo Frog (Atelognathus salai), known only from a pond at Laguna de los Gendarmes and other nearby ponds in southwestern Argentine Patagonia; Tonchek Spiny-chested Frog (Alsodes gargola), found in the provinces of Río Negro within the Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, (A. g. gargola), Neuquen volcanic tablelands of Lonco Luan and surroundings (A. g. neuquensis) and Parque Nacional Los Alerces and Parque Nacional Lago Puelo; Warty Toad (Rhinella spinulosa); and the Zapala Frog (Atelognathus praebasalticus), endemic to northwestern Argentine Patagonia, and localities in Neuquen Province.
Rhinella arenarum is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is found in southern Brazil and Uruguay; it can also occur in Paraguay. It is also found in Argentina from the Chubut Province northward and Bolivia east of the Andes.[1][3] Rhinella arenarum inhabits small ponds or bogs with stagnant water, in dry, temperate habitats, mostly in open areas. It is locally common. While it is collected for educational and scientific uses and also suffers from road kills, it in general is not threatened.[1] Fossils representing this species are known with certainty from the late Pliocene to the Holocene of central Argentina.[2]
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Rhinella arenarum is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is found in southern Brazil and Uruguay; it can also occur in Paraguay. It is also found in Argentina from the Chubut Province northward and Bolivia east of the Andes. Rhinella arenarum inhabits small ponds or bogs with stagnant water, in dry, temperate habitats, mostly in open areas. It is locally common. While it is collected for educational and scientific uses and also suffers from road kills, it in general is not threatened. Fossils representing this species are known with certainty from the late Pliocene to the Holocene of central Argentina.
El sapo argentino o sapo grande (Rhinella arenarum) es una especie de anfibio anuro que se distribuye en Sudamérica.[1] Mide entre 11 y 14 cm.[2] Presenta un dorso de un color marrón verdoso con verrugas y su vientre un color claro.[3] Detrás de sus ojos posee glándulas parótidas, a través de ellas, el animal excreta un líquido blancuzco que le sirve como sistema de defensa contra sus posibles depredadores y microorganismos patógenos.[4] Esta secreción posee una toxina venenosa letal (bufotoxina) para cualquier mamífero depredador que intente devorarlo y/o entre en contacto por alguna mucosa o herida abierta.[5] Posee ojos brillantes con pupila horizontal y un color de iris que va desde amarillo oscuro hasta cobrizo.[5] En la etapa larvaria lleva una alimentación herbívora-detritívora. En su vida adulta se alimenta de insectos (mayormente hormigas y escarabajos), aunque también ingiere lombrices.[5]
En estado larval (renacuajos) respiran mediante branquias externas (o internalizadas) y residen permanentemente en agua estancada y dulce. Los renacuajos de los anuros carecen de patas, y poseen una larga cola con la que nadan como la mayoría de los peces, por ondulación lateral. Nacen con branquias externas, pero éstas quedan pronto internalizadas por el desarrollo del opérculo, hasta quedar encerradas en un saco branquial que comunica con el exterior solo por el espiráculo. Cuando un renacuajo alcanza la madurez necesaria, sufre una metamorfosis en la que gradualmente crecen sus patas y absorben su cola por apoptosis. Los renacuajos de los anuros son fundamentalmente herbívoros, consumiendo en mayor parte microalgas y restos de vegetales,[5] con una especial adaptación para raer superficies, para lo que están dotados de filas de dientecillos en torno a la boca (los dientes labiales). En la práctica se comportan como omnívoros, siempre capaces de adaptarse aceptablemente a una vida carnívora, llegando unas pocas especies a practicar el canibalismo (los hermanos mayores se comen a los menores) si las condiciones son muy duras.
Vive en jardines de ciudades, orillas de estanques, bosques, y demás zonas con humedad. Es un animal que hiberna, si la temperatura ambiente no es mayor a 10 °C, suele salir después de fuertes lluvias o durante la noche cuando la temperatura es fresca y el ambiente más húmedo.
Esta especie ha sido utilizada para la detección de embarazos. En 1947, en Argentina, se desarrolló un test (prueba de la rana) según el cual se inyectaba orina humana a un macho de la especie Rhinella arenarum. La maduración y expulsión de espermatozoides se veía estimulada en el mismo si la orina inyectada contenía hCG (gonadotropina coriónica humana). En ese caso, la prueba de embarazo era considerada positiva.[6]
El sapo argentino o sapo grande (Rhinella arenarum) es una especie de anfibio anuro que se distribuye en Sudamérica. Mide entre 11 y 14 cm. Presenta un dorso de un color marrón verdoso con verrugas y su vientre un color claro. Detrás de sus ojos posee glándulas parótidas, a través de ellas, el animal excreta un líquido blancuzco que le sirve como sistema de defensa contra sus posibles depredadores y microorganismos patógenos. Esta secreción posee una toxina venenosa letal (bufotoxina) para cualquier mamífero depredador que intente devorarlo y/o entre en contacto por alguna mucosa o herida abierta. Posee ojos brillantes con pupila horizontal y un color de iris que va desde amarillo oscuro hasta cobrizo. En la etapa larvaria lleva una alimentación herbívora-detritívora. En su vida adulta se alimenta de insectos (mayormente hormigas y escarabajos), aunque también ingiere lombrices.
Rhinella arenarum Rhinella generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Bufonidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.
Rhinella arenarum est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Bufonidae[1].
Cette espèce se rencontre en dessous de 2 600 m d'altitude :
Sa présence est incertaine au Paraguay.
Les mâles mesurent en moyenne 96,1 mm et les femelles 110,3 mm[2].
Rhinella arenarum est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Bufonidae.
Rhinella arenarum is een kikker uit de familie padden (Bufonidae). De soort werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Reinhold Hensel in 1867. Oorspronkelijk werd de wetenschappelijke naam Bufo arenarum gebruikt.[2]
De soort komt voor in Zuid-Amerika in zuidelijk Brazilië, Argentinië, Bolivia en Uruguay, van zeeniveau tot 2600 m hoogte. Deze kikker scheidt een bufotoxine af, dat arenobufotoxine genoemd wordt.[3]
De typelocatie is "nabij Rio Grande (Rio Grande do Sul) in Brazilië". 's Nachts liepen ze daar over de droge zandduinen, terwijl ze overdag schuilden onder de wortels van de struiken, zo schreef Hensel.
O Sapo-da-areia[3] (nome científico: Rhinella arenarum, antiga nomenclatura: Bufo arenarum) é uma espécie de anfíbio da família Bufonidae. Pode ser encontrada na Bolívia, Argentina, Brasil e Uruguai.[4] Possui o dorso pardo com ocelos escuros.
O Sapo-da-areia (nome científico: Rhinella arenarum, antiga nomenclatura: Bufo arenarum) é uma espécie de anfíbio da família Bufonidae. Pode ser encontrada na Bolívia, Argentina, Brasil e Uruguai. Possui o dorso pardo com ocelos escuros.
Rhinella arenarum là một loài cóc trong họ Bufonidae. Nó được tìm thấy ở Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Uruguay, và có thể Paraguay.
Các môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là các khu rừng khô nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, đồng cỏ khô nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới vùng đất thấp, sông, đầm nước ngọt có nước theo mùa, vùng bờ biển cát, phá nước ngọt ven biển, vườn nông thôn, các vùng đô thị, ao, đất nông nghiệp có lụt theo mùa, và kênh đào và mương rãnh.
Rhinella arenarum là một loài cóc trong họ Bufonidae. Nó được tìm thấy ở Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Uruguay, và có thể Paraguay.
Các môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là các khu rừng khô nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, đồng cỏ khô nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới vùng đất thấp, sông, đầm nước ngọt có nước theo mùa, vùng bờ biển cát, phá nước ngọt ven biển, vườn nông thôn, các vùng đô thị, ao, đất nông nghiệp có lụt theo mùa, và kênh đào và mương rãnh.
