Crossodactylus schmidti Gallardo 1961

Diagnosis A small, dark Crossodactylus caracterized by a larger interocular distance, a narrower tympanum and a faint median groove on the discoidal tip of the finger.

Found in Misiones, Argentina; Tres Barras de Paraná, Paraná State, Brazil and Itapua Department, Paraguay; between 300 to 750 m a.s.l.

herbacea

ÓLEO ESSENCIAL

sementes

Description Snout-vent 29 mm. Head obtusely rounded, slightly than large; snout swelling, somewhat protruding on lower- jaw. Nostrils laterally located, their interval being slightly narrower than the interocular distance, which is twice the width of the upper eyelid. Eye large and prominent, Its diameter equal to the interocular distance,,, and slightly narrower than its distance from the tip of snout. Canthus rostralis round; loreal region not expanding laterally, with a sight groove between nostril and eye. A small series of minute horny points on rite herder of the upper lip. Tongue rounded and side, slightly notched behind. Tympanum distinct; its diameter 1/2 of the eye diameter. Fingers slightly fringed; median groove of the tip hardly evident Fourth and second fingers equal. Horny Spines on the first finger: 5-5. Metacarpal (or palmar) tubercles subequal, rounded: subarticular tubercles prominent. Toes frail, slightly webbed and fringed; terminal disks with median groove evident. Inner metatarsal tubercle developed; the outer weak, rounded. Dermal fold alone the tarsus, When the femurs art bent at right angles to body, the tibio-tarsal articulations overlap. Dorsal skin smooth, with weak supratympanic and dorso-lateral ridges. Ventrally smooth. Brownish above, scattered with dark. A light band from the tip of snout, below the eye and tympanum up to the axilla. Belly whitish faintly spotted on the chest. Dark brown bands on forelegs and hindlegs. Larval morphology Larvae between stages 31 and 36 have a total length ranging from 46.0 to 50.7 mm (x = 48.6, s = 1.7). The body is subovoid in dorsal view and slightly depressed in profile. The maximum width is located posterior to the spiracle, although in a few specimens the width is constant before and behind this location. The ventral contour of the body is convex; the branchial portion is flat. The snout is rounded in dorsal view and subovoid in profile. The lateral line system is visible. The dorsolateral nostrils are subcircular or subovoid, with an epidermal rim less pigmented than the rest of the snout; the internarial distance is about equal to the distance between each nostril and the tip of the snout and is 1.8 times longer than the distance to the eyes. The diameter of the dorsolateral eyes equals 90 % of the interocular distance and 24 % of the body width at the level of the eyes. The mouth is ventral and subterminal. The oral disc has intraangular margins; its width equals 34 % of the maximum body width. There is a rostral gap that equals 0.57 times the maximum width of the oral disc. The marginal papillae are conical, simple, and present in a single row, but in the mental portion they are biserial. On the immediately neighboring regions of the rostral gap, the papillae become progressively more rounded until they disappear. The intramarginal papillae have a conical shape, vary in size, and are irregularly distributed on the margins of the keratodont rows. The keratodonts have a distribution that follows the formula 2(2)/3(1). They have a subcylindrical shape and are completely keratinized. The free tips are curved orally and can be bi- or tricuspate. The suprarostrodont is thickened medially and has thin lateral margins. It is heavily pigmented with the exception of the superior lateral margins where pigmentation is absent. The free margin is concave and bears serrations with highly variable distribution; in some specimens they cover the whole free margin, while in others they are developed only on the medial portion. In many larvae the serration that is located in the center of the free margin is larger than the others. The infrarostrodont is a massive and heavily pigmented structure of uniform width. The free margin is concave and completely serrated with serrations of irregular sizes. The spiracle is sinistral and visible dorsally; it arises below the mid-line of the body and is oriented posterodorsally. The aperture is oval. The rostrospiracular distance is 0.57 times the body length. The tail length equals 0.63 times the total length and 1.7 times the body length. The maximum height of the caudal musculature is less than the maximum body height. The caudal fin height is about equal to the maximum body height. The ventral fin is subparallel to the longitudinal body axis and is curved at the distal third of the tail; the dorsal fin is curved. Both fins originate at the base of the tail; the dorsal fin is higher than the ventral. The proctodeal tube is dextral and oriented posteriorly; it is conical in shape and has a circular aperture; it covers the origin of the ventral fin. In life, the dorsum of the brownish tadpoles varies in a pattern that is very similar to the bottom of the streams. The tail is lighter than the body and has dark, irregular mottling on the musculature, dorsal fin, and the distal third of the ventral fin. Ventrally, the visceral and branchial structures are visible through the skin.

Mediterrâneo oriental

NT. Near Threatened.

Crossodactylus schmidti Gallardo

MATERIAL.—USNM 253671 (one specimen dissected, stage 33, SVL 20.9 mm). Collected from a stream at Hotel El Tirol, 19.5 km by road NNE Encarnación, Itapuá, Paraguay, 14 November 1976, by Mercedes S. Foster.

REFERENCE.—Cei (1980) described the tadpole and stated that it was very similar to the species he illustrated, C. dispar.

GENERAL MATERIAL.—USNM 241309 (one specimen dissected, stage 36, SVL 16.3 mm). Collected from São Gonçalo Paraty, Rio de Janeiro, 7 April 1979, by E. Izecksohn, C.A.G. Cruz, and O.L. Peixoto.

GENERAL

Crossodactylus schmidti is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.

It is named after Karl Patterson Schmidt, American herpetologist.