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Mosquitograss

Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Borbás

Physical Description

provided by USDA PLANTS text
Annuals, Terrestrial, not aquatic, Stems nodes swollen or brittle, Stems geniculate, decumbent, or lax, sometimes rooting at nodes, Stems caespitose, tufted, or clustered, Stems terete, round in cross section, or polygonal, Stem internodes hollow, Stems with inflorescence less than 1 m tall, Stems, culms, or scapes exceeding basal leaves, Leaves mostly cauline, Leaves conspicuously 2-ranked, distichous, Leaf tips flexuous, drooping, blades thin, lax, soft, Leaves sheathing at base, Leaf sheath mostly open, or loose, Leaf sheath smoot h, glabrous, Leaf sheath hairy at summit, throat, or collar, Leaf sheath and blade differentiated, Leaf blades linear, Leaf blade auriculate, Leaf blades 2-10 mm wide, Leaf blades mostly flat, Leaf blades more or less hairy, Ligule present, Ligule an unfringed eciliate membrane, Inflorescence terminal, Inflorescence a dense slender spike-like panicle or raceme, branches contracted, Inflorescence spike ovoid, lanceolate, or oblong, not more than twice as long as wide, Inflorescence single raceme, fascicle or spike, Inflorescence spikelets arranged in a terminal bilateral spike, Flowers bisexual, Spikelets sessile or subsessile, Spikelets laterally compressed, Spikelet less than 3 mm wide, Spikelets with 2 florets, Spikelets solitary at rachis nodes, Spikelets all alike and fertille, Spikelets bisexual, Inflorescence disarticulating between nodes or joints of rachis, rachis fragmenting, Spikelets falling with parts of disarticulating rachis or pedicel, Rachilla or pedicel gl abrous, Glumes present, empty bracts, Glumes 2 clearly present, Glumes equal or subequal, Glumes awned, awn 1-5 mm or longer, Glumes keeled or winged, Glume surface hairy, villous or pilose, Glumes 4-7 nerved, Lemma coriaceous, firmer or thicker in texture than the glumes, Lemma 5-7 nerved, Lemma body or surface hairy, Lemma apex acute or acuminate, Lemma apex dentate, 2-fid, Lemma distinctly awned, more than 2-3 mm, Lemma with 1 awn, Lemma awn 2-4 cm long or longer, Lemma awn from sinus of bifid apex, Lemma awns straight or curved to base, Lemma margins thin, lying flat, Lemma straight, Palea present, well developed, Palea membranous, hyaline, Palea about equal to lemma, Palea 2 nerved or 2 keeled, Palea keels winged, scabrous, or ciliate, Stamens 3, Styles 2-fid, deeply 2-branched, Stigmas 2, Fruit - caryopsis, Caryopsis ellipsoid, longitudinally grooved, hilum long-linear, Caryopsis hairy at apex.
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Dasypyrum villosum

provided by wikipedia EN

Dasypyrum villosum is a species of annual grass in the family Poaceae. It is native to eastern and southern Europe and Western Asia from the Balearic Islands to Turkmenistan, including in the Mediterranean and the Caucasus regions.[1]

Description

Culms are decumbent, with heights ranging from 25 to 70 cm. Racemes are single, oblong, bilateral, and 4–10 cm long; spikelets are oblong, laterally compressed, and 7–20 mm long.

Stem rust resistance

D. villosum has almost total immunity against Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici[2][3] and carries Sr52 which offers some resistance against the Ug99 subrace of P.g.f.sp.t..[2][3] The genetic basis for this immunity is being introgressed into its close relative, wheat,[2][3] which is suffering from new races of this disease.

References

  1. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ a b c Qi, L. L.; Pumphrey, M. O.; Friebe, Bernd; Zhang, P.; Qian, C.; Bowden, R. L.; Rouse, M. N.; Jin, Y.; Gill, B. S. (2011-03-25). "A novel Robertsonian translocation event leads to transfer of a stem rust resistance gene (Sr52) effective against race Ug99 from Dasypyrum villosum into bread wheat". Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. 123 (1): 159–167. doi:10.1007/s00122-011-1574-z. ISSN 0040-5752. PMID 21437597. S2CID 16127468.
  3. ^ a b c Ando, Kaori; Krishnan, Vandhana; Rynearson, Sheri; Rouse, Matthew N.; Danilova, Tatiana; Friebe, Bernd; See, Deven; Pumphrey, Michael O. (2019). "Introgression of a Novel Ug99-Effective Stem Rust Resistance Gene into Wheat and Development of Dasypyrum villosum Chromosome-Specific Markers via Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS)". Plant Disease. American Phytopathological Society. 103 (6): 1068–1074. doi:10.1094/pdis-05-18-0831-re. ISSN 0191-2917. PMID 31063029.

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wikipedia EN

Dasypyrum villosum: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Dasypyrum villosum is a species of annual grass in the family Poaceae. It is native to eastern and southern Europe and Western Asia from the Balearic Islands to Turkmenistan, including in the Mediterranean and the Caucasus regions.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN