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Амфиуриддер ( Kirghiz; Kyrgyz )

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Amphipholis squamata

Амфиуриддер (лат. Amphiuridae) — кадимки жылан куйруктуулар түркүмүндөгү бир тукум.

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Amphiuridae

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Amphiuridae (commonly called long-armed burrowing brittle stars[2] or burrowing brittle stars) are a large family of brittle stars of the suborder Gnathophiurina. Some species are used to study echinoderm development (e.g. Amphipholis kochii[3] and Amphioplus abditus[4]) and bioluminescence (the dwarf brittle star, Amphipholis squamata[5][6]).

Characteristics

Amphiuridae are generally small brittlestars. Their jaws are always with two apical papillae at the tip, and one or more papillae on each side.[7]

Systematics and phylogeny

Amphiuridae are the most diverse family of Ophiurida with over 200 species. The family contains the following genera:[8]

In addition, two extinct genera are known:[10]

Ecology

Amphiuridae are found in oceans worldwide from tropics to Arctic and Antarctic regions, with some species living in brackish water.[11] They live mostly by burrowing in the seafloor or hiding under rocks. Most of them are herbivores feeding directly on algae, or detritus feeders, using their long arms to direct organic materials towards their mouths.

Though most amphiurid brittlestars broadcast their eggs and sperm into the sea, many species in this family are "brooders" and carry their young in bursae. One species, Amphiodia akosmos from the Monterey Peninsula of California, was found with up to 11 brooding embryos in one adult (Hendler and Bundrick, 2001).[12]

References

  1. ^ J. Roman, G. Breton, and C. Vadon. 1993. Ophiurides et Astéride (Echinodermata) du Tithonien de Canjuers (Var, France). Annales de Paléontologie 79(1):1-18
  2. ^ P.Lambert, Checklist of the Echinoderms of British Columbia (April 2007), Royal British Columbia Museum
  3. ^ Yamashita,M., Embryonic Development of the Brittle-Star Amphipholis kochii in Laboratory Culture, Biol. Bull. 169: 131-142(Aug., 1985)
  4. ^ Hendler,G, Development of Amphioplus abditus (Verrill) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): I. Larval Biology,Biol.Bull., Vol.152, No.1 (Feb., 1977)
  5. ^ P.Brehm, J.G. Morin. Localization and Characterization of Luminescent Cells in Ophiopsila californica and Amphipholis squamata (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) Biological Bulletin, Vol. 152, No. 1 (Feb., 1977)
  6. ^ Dewael Y, Mallefet J., Luminescence in ophiuroids (Echinodermata) does not share a common nervous control in all species, J Exp Biol. 2002 Mar;205
  7. ^ Hendler,G. Ophiuroid Skeleton Ontogeny Reveals Homologies Among Skeletal Plates of Adults: A Study of Amphiura filiformis, Amphiura stimpsonii and Ophiophragmus filograneus (Echinodermata), Biol.Bull. 174:20-29.(Feb.1988)
  8. ^ MarineSpecies.org - Amphiuridae Ljungman, 1867
  9. ^ Formerly Micropholis Thomas, 1966 (non Huxley 1859: preoccupied)
  10. ^ The Paleobiology Database
  11. ^ R.L.Turner, Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Low Salinity on the Brackish-water Amphiurid Brittlestar Ophiophragmus filograneus (Lyman, 1875) From the Indian River Lagoon, Florida.Florida Scientist, Vol 70, 4 (Sept.2007)
  12. ^ Hendler, G. & Bundrick, C. 2001. A new brooding brittle star from California (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphiuridae). Contributions in Science from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 486, pp 1-11
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Amphiuridae: Brief Summary

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Amphiuridae (commonly called long-armed burrowing brittle stars or burrowing brittle stars) are a large family of brittle stars of the suborder Gnathophiurina. Some species are used to study echinoderm development (e.g. Amphipholis kochii and Amphioplus abditus) and bioluminescence (the dwarf brittle star, Amphipholis squamata).

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Amphiuridae ( French )

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Les Amphiuridae sont une famille d'ophiures (animaux marins ressemblant à des étoiles de mer souples).

Description

Ce sont des ophiures grêles aux bras souvent très longs, qui vivent enterrées dans le sédiment en laissant dépasser leurs bras munis de cils pour capturer le plancton[2]. Dans les environnements favorables, ces espèces souvent scissipares peuvent former des populations très denses[2]. Cette famille se reconnaît morphologiquement à ses cinq mâchoires terminées par une paire de dents à la pointe plutôt qu'un élément unique[3].

Il s'agit de la plus grande famille d'ophiures, avec 467 espèces (concentrées essentiellement sur les genres Amphiura, Amphioplus et Amphiodia)[4]. Cela représente presque une ophiure sur 5 et un échinoderme actuel sur 14.

Liste des genres

Selon World Register of Marine Species (6 mars 2015)[5] :

Références taxinomiques

Notes et références

  1. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), www.itis.gov, CC0 https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK, consulté le 6 mars 2015
  2. a et b (en) Reef To Rainforest, « Brittle Stars: Secrets of the Ophiuroidea », sur reef2rainforest.com, 28 août 2013.
  3. (en) A.M. Clark et F.W.E. Rowe, Monograph of Shallow-water Indo-West Pacific Echinoderms, Londres, Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), 1971, 238 p. (lire en ligne).
  4. (en) Dr. Christopher Mah, « Brittle Star Diversity! How many are there and where do they live? », sur The Echinoblog, 28 janvier 2014 (consulté le 29 janvier 2014).
  5. World Register of Marine Species, consulté le 6 mars 2015
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Amphiuridae: Brief Summary ( French )

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Les Amphiuridae sont une famille d'ophiures (animaux marins ressemblant à des étoiles de mer souples).

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Amphiuridae ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De Amphiuridae zijn een familie van slangsterren uit de orde Ophiurida.

Geslachten

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Amphiuridae: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De Amphiuridae zijn een familie van slangsterren uit de orde Ophiurida.

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