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Diagnostic Description

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Has 9-12 faint vertical bars with superimposed longitudinal rows of spots of different sizes; several longitudinal stripes on the head and the upper anterior part of the body; a black margin and 3 longitudinal rows of spots on the dorsal fin; several vertical rows of spots on the caudal fin (Ref. 27732); 9 branched dorsal-fin rays; erect ethmoid spine never perpendicular to snout when viewed from above; small mental lobe, lower lip without papillae (Ref. 12693).
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Crispina B. Binohlan
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Biology

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Usually associated with clear water, swift current and stony to rocky substrate (Ref. 27732). Found in small and medium-sized rivers. Borrows in sand or digs holes under rocks. Enters the flooded forest during the high-water periods and returns to the rivers during November and December in the lower Mekong. Feeds on mollusks and crustaceans. Intolerant of nitrates, it rapidly disappears from areas where fertilizers are applied to crops. Occasionally seen in fish markets (Ref. 12693).
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Importance

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fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial
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Syncrossus beauforti ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Syncrossus beauforti és una espècie de peix de la família dels cobítids i de l'ordre dels cipriniformes.[6]

Morfologia

  • Cos de 25 cm de llargària màxima i amb 9-12 franges verticals.
  • Aleta dorsal amb 9 radis ramificats, les vores negres i 3 fileres longitudinals de punts.
  • Aleta caudal amb diverses fileres de taques verticals.
  • Presenta diverses línies longitudinals al cap i al dors del cos.[7][8][9]

Alimentació

Menja mol·luscs i crustacis.[8]

Hàbitat i distribució geogràfica

És un peix d'aigua dolça (pH entre 6 i 6,5), demersal i de clima tropical (24°C-28°C),[10] el qual viu a Àsia: els rius i rierols amb substrat rocallós i de grava[11] del nord de la península de Malacca i de les conques dels rius Mekong,[12][9][13] Chao Phraya i Mae Klong, incloent-hi Cambodja,[9][14] la Xina,[13][15] Laos,[7][16][17][12] Tailàndia[18][19][20] i el Vietnam.[21][4][8][22][23] Entra als boscos inundats durant l'estació humida i torna als rius entre el novembre i el desembre al curs inferior del riu Mekong.[8][24] Al riu Ataran comparteix el seu hàbitat amb Pogostemon helferi, Cryptocoryne, Acanthocobitis rubidipinnis, Botia kubotai, Syncrossus berdmorei, Pangio fusca, Crossocheilus burmanicus, Parambassis pulcinella, Puntius orphoides, Puntius stoliczkanus, Microdevario kubotai, Hampala salweenensis, Poropuntius scapanognathus, Glyptothorax dorsalis, Batasio dayi, Batasio tigrinus, Akysis vespa, Amblyceps caecutiens, Tetraodon cutcutia, Schistura vinciguerrae, Schistura robertsi, Garra, Mastacembelus armatus, Devario, Scaphiodonichthys, Tor i Neolissochilus.[25][26]

Amenaces

Les seues principals amenaces són la seua captura amb destinació al comerç internacional de peixos d'aquari o per al consum humà, la contaminació de l'aigua (en especial, la de la conca del Mekong i la conca inferior del riu Chao Phraya), la seua intolerància al nitrats (aquesta espècie desapareix ràpidament de les àrees on s'apliquen fertilitzants als conreus), la construcció de preses, la sedimentació i l'extracció d'aigua per a usos agrícoles i urbans.[8][24]

Observacions

És inofensiu per als humans[8] i, de tant en tant, és present als mercats locals de peix.[9]

Referències

  1. Blyth, E., 1860. Report on some fishes received chiefly from the Sitang River and its tributary streams, Tenasserim Provinces. J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal v. 29 (núm. 2): 138-174. [1]
  2. uBio (anglès)
  3. Smith, H. M., 1931. Descriptions of new genera and species of Siamese fishes. Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. v. 79 (núm. 2873): 1-48, Pl. 1.
  4. 4,0 4,1 4,2 Catalogue of Life (anglès)
  5. uBio (anglès)
  6. The Taxonomicon (anglès)
  7. 7,0 7,1 Baird, I. G., V. Inthaphaisy, P. Kisouvannalath, B. Phylavanh i B. Mounsouphom, 1999. The fishes of southern Lao. Lao Community Fisheries and Dolphin Protection Project. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Laos. 161 p.
  8. 8,0 8,1 8,2 8,3 8,4 8,5 FishBase (anglès)
  9. 9,0 9,1 9,2 9,3 Rainboth, W. J., 1996. Fishes of the Cambodian Mekong. FAO Species Identification Field Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Roma, 265 p.
  10. Baensch, H. A. i R. Riehl, 1985. Aquarien atlas. Band 2. Mergus, Verlag für Natur- und Heimtierkunde GmbH, Melle (Baixa Saxònia), Alemanya. 1216 p.
  11. Loaches Online (anglès)
  12. 12,0 12,1 Taki, Y., 1974. Fishes of the Lao Mekong Basin. United States Agency for International Development Mission to Laos Agriculture Division. 231 p.
  13. 13,0 13,1 Kottelat, M. i X. Chu, 1987. The botiine loaches (Osteichthyes: Cobitidae) of the Lancangjiang (Upper Mekong) with description of a new species. Zool. Res. 8(4):393-400.
  14. Kottelat, M., 1985. Fresh-water fishes of Kampuchea. Hydrobiologia 121: 249-279.
  15. Zhu, S.-Q., 1995. Synopsis of freshwater fishes of China. Jiangsu Science and Technology Publishing House i-v + 1-549.
  16. Kottelat, M., 1998. Fishes of the Nam Theun and Xe Bangfai basins, Laos, with diagnoses of twenty-two new species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae, Balitoridae, Cobitidae, Coiidae and Odontobutidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 9(1): 1-128.
  17. Kottelat, M., 2001. Fishes of Laos. WHT Publications Ltd., Colombo 5, Sri Lanka. 198 p.
  18. Monkolprasit, S., S. Sontirat, S. Vimollohakarn i T. Songsirikul, 1997. Checklist of Fishes in Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Tailàndia. 353 p.
  19. Suvatti, C., 1981. Fishes of Thailand. Royal Institute of Thailand, Bangkok. 379 p.
  20. Vidthayanon, C., J. Karnasuta i J. Nabhitabhata, 1997. Diversity of freshwater fishes in Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok. 102 p.
  21. Freyhof, J., D. V. Serov i T. N. Nguyen, 2000. A preliminary checklist of the freshwater fishes of the River Dong Nai, South Vietnam. Bonner Zoologische Beiträge 49(1-4): 93-99.
  22. Doi, A., 1997. A review of taxonomic studies of cypriniform fishes in Southeast Asia. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 44(1): 1-33.
  23. Kottelat, M., 1989. Zoogeography of the fishes from Indochinese inland waters with an annotated check-list. Bull. Zoöl. Mus. Univ. Amsterdam 12(1): 1-55.
  24. 24,0 24,1 UICN (anglès)
  25. Seriously Fish (anglès)
  26. GBIF (anglès)


Bibliografia

  • Anònim, 2001. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes.
  • Grant, S., 2007. Mainland fishes of the genus Syncrossus (Blyth, 1860) (Teleostei: Botiidae). Ichthyofile, núm. 2: 1-106.
  • Hanel, L. i J. Novák, 2002. Ceské názvy zivocichu V. Ryby a ryboviti obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorhynchiformes) - máloostní (Cypriniformes). Národní muzeum (zoologické oddelení), Praga.
  • Kottelat, M., 2004. Botia kubotai, a new species of loach (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from the Ataran River basin (Myanmar), with comments on botiine nomenclature and diagnosis of a new genus. Zootaxa 401:1-18.
  • Nalbant, T. T., 2004. Hymenphysa, Hymenophysa, Syncrossus, Chromobotia and other problems in the systematics of Botiidae. A reply to Maurice Kottelat. Travaux du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle : 269-277.
  • Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21): 243 p.
  • Šlechtová, V., J. Bohlen, J. Freyhof i P. Ráb, 2006. Molecular phylogeny of the Southeast Asian freshwater fish family Botiidae (Teleostei: Cobitoidea) and the origin of polyploidy in their evolution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(2): 529-541.
  • Tang, Q., B. Xiong, X. Yang i H. Liu, 2005. Phylogeny of the East Asian botiine loaches (Cypriniformes, Botiidae) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences. Hydrobiologia 544(1): 249-258.
  • Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao i C.F. Lai (eds.), 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.


Enllaços externs

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Syncrossus beauforti: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Syncrossus beauforti és una espècie de peix de la família dels cobítids i de l'ordre dels cipriniformes.

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Beauforts Schmerle ( German )

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Beauforts Schmerle (Syncrossus beauforti, Syn.: Botia beauforti) ist ein Süßwasserfisch aus der Familie der Prachtschmerlen (Botiidae), der in Thailand, Laos, Kambodscha und Vietnam im Flussgebiet des Mekong, des Mae Nam Chao Phraya, des Mae Nam Mae Klong und auf der malaiischen Halbinsel vorkommt. Das Verbreitungsgebiet schließt sich östlich an das der sehr ähnlichen Syncrossus berdmorei an. Die Art wurde nach dem niederländischen Biologen Lieven Ferdinand de Beaufort (1879–1968) benannt.

Merkmale

Beauforts Schmerle wird etwa 19 bis 20 cm lang, wobei die Männchen etwas kleiner bleiben. Der Körper ist langgestreckt, seitlich abgeflacht und fast auf der gesamten Länge gleich hoch. Die Rückenflosse beginnt kurz vor den Bauchflossen.

Ihre Grundfärbung ist variabel, bräunlich, graugrün oder gelblich und in Abhängigkeit von der Umgebung mehr oder weniger hell. Auf jeder Kopfseite zeigen sich drei Längsstreifen, einer auf der Kopfoberseite, einer durch das Auge und einer unterhalb des Auges. Die Flanken werden durch 9 bis 12 schwache, bläulich schwarze Querstreifen gemustert, die aber auch fehlen können. Weiterhin befinden sich auf den Körperseiten mehrere Längsreihen dunkler Flecke. Rücken- und Schwanzflosse sind mehr oder weniger orange und besitzen horizontale Punktreihen. Die Afterflosse, Brust und Bauchflossen sind gelblich. An der Basis der Afterflosse sind einige dunkle Flecke. Die Barteln am Oberkiefer sind schwärzlich. Äußere Geschlechtsunterschiede sind nicht bekannt.

Aquaristik

Beauforts Schmerle ist im Aquarium scheu und schreckhaft. Wegen ihrer zu erwartenden Endgröße und ihrer Aggressivität anderen Fischen gegenüber ist sie wenig als Zierfisch geeignet. Sie ist noch nicht nachgezüchtet worden. Alle gehandelten Tiere sind Wildfänge.

Literatur

  • Günther Sterba: Süsswasserfische der Welt. 2. Auflage. Urania, Leipzig/Jena/Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-332-00109-4.
  • Axel Zarske: Botia beauforti Smith, 1931. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.) Das große Lexikon der Aquaristik. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9, S. 161 f

Weblinks

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Beauforts Schmerle: Brief Summary ( German )

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Beauforts Schmerle (Syncrossus beauforti, Syn.: Botia beauforti) ist ein Süßwasserfisch aus der Familie der Prachtschmerlen (Botiidae), der in Thailand, Laos, Kambodscha und Vietnam im Flussgebiet des Mekong, des Mae Nam Chao Phraya, des Mae Nam Mae Klong und auf der malaiischen Halbinsel vorkommt. Das Verbreitungsgebiet schließt sich östlich an das der sehr ähnlichen Syncrossus berdmorei an. Die Art wurde nach dem niederländischen Biologen Lieven Ferdinand de Beaufort (1879–1968) benannt.

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Syncrossus beauforti

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Synocrossus beauforti, the barred loach, chameleon loach or chameleon botia, is a species of freshwater fish from the loach family Botiidae which is found in mainland south-east Asia.

Description

Syncrossus beauforti resembles Syncrossus berdmorei but has 11-14 dorsal fin rays as opposed to 9–10 in S. berdmorei. Tn both species there are rows of small, dark spots running along the length of the body and the head, but in S. beauforti these markings are a slightly smaller and it has 9-12 faint vertical bars on its body. As the fish matures bars may fade leaving the longitudinal rows of dark markings. The dorsal fin has a black margin and three rows of spots, while the caudal fin has several vertical rows of spots. When excited, these fish are able to produce clicking sounds.[3] They grow to a maximum length of 25 cm standard length.[4]

Distribution

Syncrossus beauforti is found in south-east Asia and the species was originally described from specimens taken in a stream in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province in southern Thailand and was then recorded in Trang Province and has now been found to occur in the basin of the Salween River on the borders between Thailand and Myanmar and the Chao Phraya River system in western and central Thailand. Records from the Mekong are now attributed to two separate species, S, yunnanensis and S. formosanus[5] which may be synonyms of Syncrossus lucasbahi.[6]

Habitat and ecology

Syncrossus beauforti occurs in the demersal zone of small and medium-sized rivers and it is habitually associated with streams which clear and fast flowing with a stony or rocky substrate,[1] with large amounts of wood debris and leaf litter.[5] It may enter flooded forest during the high-water periods during the monsoon and returns to the rivers during November and December. It digs burrows in sand or excavates them under rocks.[1] It is omnivorous with the bulk of its diet being made up of insect larvae and benthic animals.[3] Species in the genus Syncrossus are sociable and are known to form dominance hierarchies within social groups and to undertake ritualised behaviours to determine their place in the hierarchy. These fish possess sharp sub-ocular spines which they can move, these are normally hidden inside a pouch of skin but when the fish is stressed it can erect these spines. In addition they make sounds when excited but the purpose of the sounds is unknown.[5]

Human use and conservation

Syncrossus beauforti is sometimes recorded in fish markets being sold for human consumption. It is an aquarium fish but it has not been known to have been bred in captivity so all of the individuals traded are assumed to have been caught in the wild. The taking of specimens for this trade appears to be the principal threat to this species.[1] It is also threatened by pollution and by the damming of the rivers it occurs in which may prevent the fish from migrating to its spawning areas during the periods of flooding, as well as increasing sedimentation and causing habitat degradation. The population is thought to be decreasing but the population size and extent of the decline is unknown.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Jenkins, A.; Kullander, F.F.; Tan, H.H. (2009). "Syncrossus beauforti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2009: e.T169503A6639271. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2009-2.RLTS.T169503A6639271.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Synonyms of Syncrossus beauforti (Smith, 1931)". Fishbase. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  3. ^ a b "Syncrossus beauforti - Chameleon Loach". Diszhal.info. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  4. ^ R. Froese; D. Pauly, eds. (2017). "Syncrossus beauforti (Smith, 1931) Chameleon loach". Fishbase. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  5. ^ a b c "Species Profile Syncrossus beauforti (Smith, 1931)". Seriously Fish. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  6. ^ Kottelat, M. (2012): Conspectus cobitidum: an inventory of the loaches of the world (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cobitoidei). Archived February 11, 2013, at the Wayback Machine The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement No. 26: 1-199.
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Syncrossus beauforti: Brief Summary

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Synocrossus beauforti, the barred loach, chameleon loach or chameleon botia, is a species of freshwater fish from the loach family Botiidae which is found in mainland south-east Asia.

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Syncrossus beauforti ( Basque )

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Syncrossus beauforti Syncrossus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Cobitidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Syncrossus beauforti FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

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Syncrossus beauforti: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Syncrossus beauforti Syncrossus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Cobitidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Syncrossus beauforti ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vissen

Syncrossus beauforti is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van de modderkruipers (Cobitidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1931 door Smith.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Syncrossus beauforti. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 02 2013 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2013.
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Syncrossus beauforti ( Vietnamese )

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Cá heo chấm (Danh pháp khoa học:Syncrossus beauforti) là loài cá thuộc họ Cobitidae phân bố ở Đông Nam Á gồm Campuchia, Malaysia, Thái Lan.

Đặc điểm

Chúng có thân ngắn, cuốn đuôi to, đầu nhỏ, nhọn, mõm dài, miệng dưới, nhỏ, hình cung, mút mõm có 2 đôi râu dính liền nhau ở gốc và 1 đôi râu hàm ở miệng. Chúng có mắt nhỏ ở nửa trên của đầu, có 1 gai nhỏ, nhọn, chia làm hai nhánh có thể xếp mở được. Khởi điểm vây lưng trước khởi điểm vây bụng, vây đuôi phân thùy sâu, mút các thùy hơi tù, vẩy bé phủ trên thân, lưng màu nâu nhạt, bụng trắng, dọc thân có 12-15 sọc đứng, các sọc này nhạt dần từ lưng đến khoảng giữa thân

Đỉnh đầu chúng có 2 sọc đen kết thành hình chữ V, vuông góc ở mõm, trên vây đuôi có 2 sọc đen cũng kết thành hình chữ V; 2 bên đầu có 2 sọc đen từ mút mõm qua mắt đến gốc xương chẩm; có nhiều chấm đen nhỏ kết thành 2-3 hàng dọc thân rãi rác trên các vây, có khoảng 5 sọc đen chạy dọc trên lưng và 1 sọc đen rộng ở gốc vây đuôi.

Tham khảo

Liên kết ngoài


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan Bộ Cá chép (Cypriniformes) này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Syncrossus beauforti: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Cá heo chấm (Danh pháp khoa học:Syncrossus beauforti) là loài cá thuộc họ Cobitidae phân bố ở Đông Nam Á gồm Campuchia, Malaysia, Thái Lan.

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南方沙鳅 ( Chinese )

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二名法 Botia lucasbahi
Fowler, 1937[1]

南方沙鳅学名Botia lucasbahi)为鳅科沙鳅属鱼类。分布于泰国老挝以及澜沧江江水系等。该物种的模式产地在泰国。[1]

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 中国科学院动物研究所. 南方沙鳅. 中国动物物种编目数据库. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-04-11]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).

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南方沙鳅: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

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南方沙鳅(学名:Botia lucasbahi)为鳅科沙鳅属鱼类。分布于泰国老挝以及澜沧江江水系等。该物种的模式产地在泰国。

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