Murdannia is a genus of annual or perennial monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Commelinaceae.
The genus is one of the largest in the family. They are most easily distinguished from other genera in the family by their three-lobed or spear-shaped antherodes (i.e. non-functional anthers).[3] Also, along with the closely related genus Anthericopsis, it is the only genus with staminodes (i.e. non-functional stamens) opposite the petals.[4]
Murdannia are found in tropical regions across the globe with extensions into warm temperate areas.[1] Typically, Murdannia species are found in open areas in mesic soils. However, some are semi-aquatic, and a limited few are found in closed forest situations. Three species are naturalized in the United States (Murdannia keisak, M. nudiflora and M. spirata).[5][6][7]
The genus is named in honor of Murdan Ali, a plant collector who worked for John Forbes Royle and maintained the herbarium at Saharunpore, India.[6][8] He was a munshi who took a keen interest in natural history and under the training of Falconer, Royle and Edgeworth had become a proficient botanist who compiled a vernacular flora of northern India and the Himalayas which was however never published.[9]
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of December 2022 (link) Murdannia is a genus of annual or perennial monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Commelinaceae.
The genus is one of the largest in the family. They are most easily distinguished from other genera in the family by their three-lobed or spear-shaped antherodes (i.e. non-functional anthers). Also, along with the closely related genus Anthericopsis, it is the only genus with staminodes (i.e. non-functional stamens) opposite the petals.
Murdannia are found in tropical regions across the globe with extensions into warm temperate areas. Typically, Murdannia species are found in open areas in mesic soils. However, some are semi-aquatic, and a limited few are found in closed forest situations. Three species are naturalized in the United States (Murdannia keisak, M. nudiflora and M. spirata).
The genus is named in honor of Murdan Ali, a plant collector who worked for John Forbes Royle and maintained the herbarium at Saharunpore, India. He was a munshi who took a keen interest in natural history and under the training of Falconer, Royle and Edgeworth had become a proficient botanist who compiled a vernacular flora of northern India and the Himalayas which was however never published.
Species Murdannia acutifolia (Lauterb. & K.Schum.) Faden - New Guinea Murdannia allardii (De Wild.) Brenan - Congo-Brazzaville, Zaïre Murdannia assamica Nampy & Ancy - Assam Murdannia audreyae Faden - Sri Lanka Murdannia axillaris Brenan - Kenya, Zanzibar, Pemba Murdannia blumei (Hassk.) Brenan - Indian Subcontinent, Java, Myanmar, Malaya Murdannia bracteata (C.B.Clarke) J.K.Morton ex D.Y.Hong - southern China, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam Murdannia brownii Nandikar & Gurav - western India Murdannia citrina D.Fang - Guangxi in China Murdannia clandestina (Ridl.) Faden - Peninsular Malaysia Murdannia clarkeana Brenan - Central African Republic, Chad, Kenya Murdannia crocea (Griff.) Faden - India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Myanmar Murdannia cryptantha Faden - New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory of Australia Murdannia dimorpha (Dalzell) G.Brückn. - southern India Murdannia dimorphoides Faden - Sri Lanka Murdannia divergens (C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - southern China, Himalayas, Myanmar, Vietnam Murdannia edulis (Stokes) Faden - southern China, Himalayas, Indochina, Java, Bali, Philippines, New Guinea Murdannia esculenta (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) R.S.Rao & Kammathy - India, Sri Lanka Murdannia fadeniana Nampy & Joby - Kerala State in India Murdannia fasciata (Warb. ex K.Schum. & Lauterb.) G.Brückn. - New Guinea Murdannia gardneri (Seub.) G.Brückn. - Brazil Murdannia gigantea (Vahl) G.Brückn. - Madagascar, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales Murdannia glauca (Thwaites ex C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - India, Sri Lanka Murdannia graminea (R.Br.) G.Brückn. - Vietnam, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia Murdannia hookeri (C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - Assam, southern China Murdannia japonica (Thunb.) Faden - China, Japan, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Borneo Murdannia juncoides (Wight) R.S.Rao & Kammathy - Kerala + Tamil Nadu in India Murdannia kainantensis (Masam.) D.Y.Hong - southern China Murdannia keisak (Hassk.) Hand.-Mazz. - Japan, Korea, Ryukyu Islands, Russia (Amur + Primorye), Taiwan, Laos, Vietnam, Nepal; naturalized in parts of United States Murdannia lanceolata (Wight) Kammathy - India, Sri Lanka Murdannia lanuginosa (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - southern India Murdannia loriformis (Hassk.) R.S.Rao & Kammathy - China, Taiwan, Tibet, Ryukyu Islands, Bonin Islands, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Java, Philippines, New Guinea Murdannia macrocarpa D.Y.Hong - Yunnan, Guangdong, Cambodia Murdannia medica (Lour.) D.Y.Hong - Yunnan, Guangdong, Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan - southern China, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Western Australia, Micronesia; naturalized in Hawaii, southeastern United States, Mexico, Central America, West Indies, northern South America, Sierra Leone, Congo-Brazzaville, Cook Islands Murdannia paraguayensis (C.B.Clarke ex Chodat) G.Brückn. - Paraguay, Brazil Murdannia pauciflora (G.Brückn.) G.Brückn. - southern India Murdannia sahyadrica Ancy & Nampy - Maharashtra Murdannia satheeshiana Joby, Nisha & Unni - southern India Murdannia schomburgkiana (Kunth) G.Brückn. - Guyana, Brazil Murdannia semifoliata(C.B.Clarke ex S.Moore) G.Brückn. - Brazil Murdannia semiteres (Dalzell) Santapau - Zaire, Burundi, Rwanda, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Iran, Yemen, India, Vietnam Murdannia simplex (Vahl) Brenan - sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, Indian Subcontinent, southern China, Indochina, Queensland Murdannia spectabilis (Kurz) Faden - southern China, Indochina, Philippines Murdannia spirata (L.) G.Brückn. - southern China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Java, Philippines; naturalized in Florida + Samoa Murdannia stenothyrsa (Diels) Hand.-Mazz. - Sichuan, Yunnan Murdannia striatipetala Faden - Sri Lanka Murdannia stricta Brenan - Zaire, Rwanda Murdannia tenuissima (A.Chev.) Brenan - tropical Africa Murdannia triquetra (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - southern China, Indochina, Himalayas Murdannia undulata D.Y.Hong - Yunnan Murdannia ugemugei Kamble, Somkuwar et Nandikar - India Murdannia vaginata (L.) G.Brückn. - southern China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Java, Philippines, Queensland, Northern Territory Murdannia versicolor (Dalzell) G.Brückn. - India, Vietnam, Philippines Murdannia yunnanensis D.Y.Hong - Yunnan Murdannia zeylanica (C.B.Clarke) G.Brückn. - India, Sri Lanka
