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Behavior ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Possen hábitos nocturnos.Se refugian en cavernas oscuras y fisuras en las áreas rocosas.
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Distribution ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Distribucion en Costa Rica: Tierras secas de Guanacaste y tierras húmedas de los alrededores del Parque Nacional Manuel Antonio, desde el nivel del mar hasta los 100 m.
Distribucion General: Desde México hasta Costa Rica; se han reportado también al norte de Colombia. Se encuentran desde las tierras bajas hasta los 1.500 m.s.n.m..
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Trophic Strategy ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Se alimentan de insectos.
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Reproduction ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Las crías nacen a finales del mes de junio, cerca del inicio de la estación lluviosa.
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Diagnostic Description ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Longitud de la cabeza y cuerpo 47-53 mm, longitud de la cola 13-17 mm, longitud del pie 7-10 mm, longitud de la oreja 11-13 mm, longitud del antebrazo 45-47 mm, peso 6-7 g.Parte dorsal es gris pálido, frecuentemente amarillento en la base del uropatagio; parte ventral es ligeramente pálida. Cara y mentón desnudos. Membranas alares son de color café; las patas delanteras y antebrazos son rosados. Pulgar con tamaño normal. Sacos aéreos abiertos hacia el cuerpo y no se extienden hasta el borde de las alas.
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Diagnostic Description ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Localidad del tipo: Costa Rica, Puntarenas.
Depositario del tipo:
Recolector del tipo:
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Habitat ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Bosques secos, bosques de galería.
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Ratpenat de sacs alars de Peters ( Catalan; Valencian )

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El ratpenat de sacs alars de Peters (Balantiopteryx plicata) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels embal·lonúrids que es troba a Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Hondures, Mèxic i Nicaragua.[1][2]

Subespècies

  • Balantiopteryx plicata pallida
  • Balantiopteryx plicata plicata

Referències

Enllaços externs

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Ratpenat de sacs alars de Peters Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
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Ratpenat de sacs alars de Peters: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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El ratpenat de sacs alars de Peters (Balantiopteryx plicata) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels embal·lonúrids que es troba a Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Hondures, Mèxic i Nicaragua.

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Peters-Sackflügelfledermaus ( German )

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Die Peters-Sackflügelfledermaus (Balantiopteryx plicata) ist eine Fledermausart aus der Familie der Glattnasen-Freischwänze (Emballonuridae), welche in Zentralamerika beheimatet ist.

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Verbreitungsgebiet von Balantiopteryx plicata

Beschreibung

Die Peters-Sackflügelfledermaus gehört zu den Glattnasen-Freischwänzen, welche eine sackartige Struktur in der Flughaut besitzen. Diese befindet sich bei dieser Art in der Mitte zwischen dem Ober- und Unterarm. Die Peters-Sackflügelfledermaus ist mit einer Unterarmlänge von über 38 mm und einer Kopf-Rumpf-Länge von durchschnittlich 66,6 mm die größte Vertreterin der Gattung Balantiopteryx. Die Fellfarbe variiert zwischen hellgrau und einem satten Braun, ist jedoch nie dunkelbraun. Die Flughaut weist einen weißen Rand zwischen dem Calcar und dem vierten Finger auf. Die Farbe des Flügelsacks der Männchen variiert saisonal und kann sich mit dem Alter verändern. Bei ausgewachsenen Tieren ist der Sack hell und mit einer Flüssigkeit gefüllt, die wahrscheinlich zur Weibchenwerbung dienen. Bei Weibchen ist der Flügelsack nur rudimentär vorhanden. Männchen sind im Durchschnitt leichter (6,1 g) als Weibchen (7,1 g).[1]

Lebensweise

Die Peters-Sackflügelfledermaus lebt tagsüber in Kolonien von bis zu 2000 Tieren (durchschnittlich 25 Individuen) in hellen Höhlen, Minen, Baumlöchern, Gebäuden, unter Brücken und an Klippen. Die Kolonien bestehen sowohl aus Männchen als auch aus Weibchen, wobei der relative Anteil stark zwischen Kolonien und wahrscheinlich zwischen Jahreszeiten variieren kann. Anders als die meisten Fledermäuse halten die Tiere einen Abstand von etwa 20 cm zueinander einhalten. Der Hangplatz muss mindestens eine Luftfeuchtigkeit von 25 % aufweisen. Die Peters-Sackflügelfledermaus ist ein strikter Insektenfresser, der sich opportunistisch von Mücken, Fliegen und kleinen Faltern ernährt. Während der Futtersuche legen die Tiere eine Distanz von bis zu 11 km zurück. Als Räuber der Peters-Sackflügelfledermaus wurden Schleiereulen, Nasenbären, Zwerg-Fleckenskunks und Hauskatzen beobachtet.

Fortpflanzung

Die Paarungssaison der Peters-Sackflügelfledermaus findet zwischen Januar und Februar statt, und Weibchen gebären jeweils ein einziges Jungtier Ende Juni bis Mitte Juli. Die Tragezeit von 4,5 Monaten fällt somit in die Trockenzeit. Die Jungen sind bei der Geburt bereits relativ gut entwickelt, können bereits ab einem Alter von zwei Wochen fliegen, werden aber neun Wochen lang gesäugt. In der ersten Woche nach der Geburt werden sie von der Mutter herumgetragen, während sie die darauffolgende Zeit im Hangplatz verbringen, während die Mutter nachts auf Futtersuche ist. Im Alter von 2–3 Monaten verlassen die Jungtiere die Kolonie.

Verbreitung und Lebensraum

Die eters-Sackflügelfledermaus ist vom Westen Mexikos entlang der Pazifikküste bis Costa Rica verbreitet, wo sie bis zu einer Höhe von 1500 m ü. M vorkommt. Ihr Bestand wird von der International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) dank der weiten Verbreitung und ihrem Vorkommen in geschützten Gebieten als ungefährdet eingestuft[2]. Jedoch ist zu erwähnen, dass auch bei dieser Art die Zerstörung des Lebensraumes, insbesondere der Höhlen durch Vandalismus von zentraler Bedeutung ist.

Literatur

  • J. Arroyo-Cabrales, K. Knox-Jones: Balantiopteryx plicata, Mammalian Species, No. 301 (1988): S. 1–4

Quellen

  1. J.W. Bradbury, S.L. Vehrencamp (1976): Social organisation and foraging in Emballonurid bats. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 1-2
  2. Balantiopteryx plicata in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN.
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Peters-Sackflügelfledermaus: Brief Summary ( German )

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Die Peters-Sackflügelfledermaus (Balantiopteryx plicata) ist eine Fledermausart aus der Familie der Glattnasen-Freischwänze (Emballonuridae), welche in Zentralamerika beheimatet ist.

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Gray sac-winged bat

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The gray sac-winged bat (Balantiopteryx plicata) is a species in the family Emballonuridae which comprises the 51 species of sac-winged bats.[3] It is found in Mexico from Baja California Sur and Sonora to Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and northern Colombia, at elevations up to 1,500 metres (4,900 ft).[1]

Name

Wilhelm Peters first described the bat in 1867.[4] The name Balantiopteryx comes from the Greek, meaning "pouch wing"; "plicata" is from a Latin word meaning "folded".[5] In English, Balantiopteryx plicata is known as the gray sac-winged bat, and less commonly, Peters' sac-winged bat.[6] The general name for these and other bats of the family Emballonuridae are sheath-tailed bats.[7]

Taxonomy

Balantiopteryx plicata plicata and Balantiopteryx plicata pallida are both subspecies of Balantiopteryx plicata.[8] Balantiopteryx io and Balantiopteryx infusca are related to Balantiopteryx plicata; Balantiopteryx plicata is a sister to the clade including Balantiopteryx io and B. infusca.[9]

Appearance

It is known as the gray-sac winged bat first because of the sacs located between the wrist and the neck on the membrane of the wing, which is far more prominent and developed in males than in females.[8] This sac is a defining feature: in this bat, the sac is in the center of the antebrachial membrane, while in others it is not centrally located.[8] There have been reports that the inside of this sac is white, but others have stated that it varies in color and texture depending on the age of the bat and the season.[8] Whichever the case, the sac has a proximal opening.[8] The second reason this bat is known as the gray sac- winged bat is because of its coloring, which can range from the gray color it is known for to a rich brown; despite the differences, all varieties have white trim.[8] It has darker colored fur on its back (dorsal) and lighter covered fur on its front (ventral).[8]

The common feature among the family Emballonuridae is the sheath tail, meaning that there is a membrane that stretches from one of the bat's ankles to its other, and the majority of the tail is covered by the membrane, with only the tip protruding.[10] Its wing attaches to its ankle and its tail protrudes approximately 6mm away from its body.[8] The average weight of a male is 6.1 g, and for the non-pregnant female the average weight is 7.1 g; their average body length is 66.6 mm.[8] Unlike in many other bat species, there is no dorsal furrow between the nares, and the rostrum has been described as "inflated".[8] The ears are rounded and the thumb is about 5 mm long (considered long) and thin.[8]

Habitat and behavior

It prefers to live near the mouth of caves, in barns and other buildings; usually in areas that are open and lit.[1][11] The bat is sociable and is usually part of a group of fifty or more.[1][11] It has also been reported that the colony can include up to 10,000 bats.[12] In the colony, there are approximately 25% females and 75% males.[1] These statistics are variable – another source described how the males were more likely to be a part of the colony at the beginning of the dry season around mating time than it is to be near the rainy season; most of the females stayed in one roost while the males left for other roosts.[5] It also prefers to live in dry areas or arid climates rather than wet climates, so it would more likely to be found in evergreen forests rather than swamps.[1] It is necessary to have at least 25% humidity, and preferable to have multiple exits in the structure of the roost.[13] When they roost, they stay about twenty centimeters apart - except when young are present - and they all face the same way.[8] The bats do not seem to be territorial, and also share roosts with other species of bat.[5]

This bat is insectivorous, feeding on any insects that are around for that season and are considered "opportunistic foragers."[14] This bat population does not seem to wane from season to season as some other bats do, when a certain food is abundant.[15] Foraging takes place in groups or alone.[11] Both roosting and foraging sites change often.[16] The bat forages over open spaces that are usually "several kilometers" away from the living space.[5][17] Because of their large colonies, they must have a wider range when hunting for food.[18] While the mothers are away hunting, the young bats stay behind and cling to the wall of the cave or structure in which the colony lives.[19]

The bats start hunting a little before sunset, and they fly relatively slowly.[11] It was measured that the males fly at approximately 9.76 km/h and the females fly at about 9.14 km/h.[5]

Echolocation and vision

A study confirmed that bats, when they are able to see, prefer to use their vision over echolocation. In the experiment, these bats were put in a mesh greenhouse and observed at dawn, day, dusk, and at night. The bats consistently ran into the ceiling and walls of the greenhouse at dawn, day, and dusk while trying to fly out, but at night when they were forced to rely solely on the echolocation, they avoided the ceiling and walls without a problem.[20] The pulses emitted by the bat are all audible to humans, and the bat only emits pulses through the mouth.[5]

Reproduction

The female uses both ovaries and births one pup.[13][21] It breeds once every year – the females are monoestrous and only produce one offspring.[13] The females all give birth at about the same time every year.[13] To mate, these bats swarm, flying around objects, and the males perform courting rituals in the air.[22] It is thought that during flight, the sacs on the males release fragrances.[22]

The females reach sexual maturity after one year; the gestation period is four and one-half months and the pup is born weighing about 2 g. The young bat is then carried by the mother for one week.[11] It can fly after two weeks, and is completely weaned at nine weeks.[11]

Females do not abort the fetus when there is a lack of food, and they also give birth when it is most convenient for the offspring, when weather and food are the best.[5] The adult female survival rate data reflects the idea that the offspring take precedence over the adult, as the lowest percentage recorded was 54%.[5]

Depending on the place of residence, the timing of mating and birth is different. In Central America, the bats mate at the end of January to mid-February.[23] Pregnant females of El Salvador can be found in May, while the pregnant females in Mexico can be found in May to July depending on where in Mexico it is.[23] In Costa Rica, birth happens at the end of June, while in Mexico it can occur between the end of June to early July.[23]

Interactions

The barn owl, the spotted skunk, and perhaps coatis, hawks, and domestic cats are regular predators of Balantiopteryx plicata.[5] Ants, cockroaches, the rock crab Grapsus grapsus, and dermestid larvae all feed on the guano left by the bat; the rock crab may eat the dead bats as well.[5]

Gray sac-winged bats can be afflicted by a red mite, which feeds on its ear's edge, ticks (like Argasidae), bat flies, lice, and fleas.[24] internal parasites like trematodes, cestodes, and nematodes also afflict this bat.[5] The bat can also be affected by the presence of supernumerary teeth. Approximately 4% of the population of Balantiopteryx plicata has supernumerary teeth, which appear mostly in the incisors.[25] When rabies was found in a group of vampire bats that lived with Balantiopteryx plicata, the B. plicata seemed unaffected.[5]

Threats

Balantiopteryx plicata is rated as "least concern" by the IUCN.[1] Little is known about the specific numbers of Balantiopteryx plicata, so a population trend cannot be deduced.[1] A possible threat is habitat destruction through man-induced fire or vandalism.[1]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Lim, B.; Miller, B.; Reid, F.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Cuarón, A.D.; de Grammont, P.C. (2016). "Balantiopteryx plicata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2533A22029659. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T2533A22029659.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  2. ^ Lim, B.; Miller, B.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Cuarón, A.D. & de Grammont, P.C. (2016). "Balantiopteryx plicata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2533A22029659. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T2533A22029659.en.
  3. ^ Simmons (2005), p. 385.
  4. ^ Gardner (2008), p. 193.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Arroyo-Cabrales & Jones (1988), p. 3.
  6. ^ Arroyo-Cabrales & Jones (1988)
  7. ^ Novick (1998), p. 22.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Arroyo-Cabrales & Jones (1988), p. 1.
  9. ^ Gardner (2008), p. 194.
  10. ^ Hester & Meyer (2001)
  11. ^ a b c d e f Nowak (1994), p. 96.
  12. ^ Altringham (1996), p. 150.
  13. ^ a b c d Arroyo-Cabrales & Jones (1988), p. 2.
  14. ^ Altringham (1996), pp. 138, 189.
  15. ^ Kelt (2007), p. 338.
  16. ^ Altringham (2011), p. 128.
  17. ^ Altringham (1996), p. 188.
  18. ^ Altringham (1996), p. 189.
  19. ^ Novick (1998), p. 80.
  20. ^ Eklöf (2003)
  21. ^ Hayssen et al. (1993), p. 95.
  22. ^ a b Yoigt (2005), p. 99.
  23. ^ a b c Hayssen et al. (1993), p. 98.
  24. ^ Novick (1998), p. 19.
  25. ^ Fairbrother et al. (1996), p. 206.

References

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Gray sac-winged bat: Brief Summary

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The gray sac-winged bat (Balantiopteryx plicata) is a species in the family Emballonuridae which comprises the 51 species of sac-winged bats. It is found in Mexico from Baja California Sur and Sonora to Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and northern Colombia, at elevations up to 1,500 metres (4,900 ft).

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Balantiopteryx plicata ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Balantiopteryx plicata es una especie de murciélago de la familia Emballonuridae.

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra en Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, México y Nicaragua.

Referencias

  1. Lim, B. et al. (2008). «Balantiopteryx plicata». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2011.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 15 de marzo de 2012.

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Balantiopteryx plicata: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Balantiopteryx plicata es una especie de murciélago de la familia Emballonuridae.

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Balantiopteryx plicata ( Basque )

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Balantiopteryx plicata Balantiopteryx generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Emballonurinae azpifamilia eta Emballonuridae familian sailkatuta dago

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)Mammals - full taxonomy and Red List status Ugaztun guztien egoera 2008an
  2. Peters (1867) 1867 Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 476. or..

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Balantiopteryx plicata: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Balantiopteryx plicata Balantiopteryx generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Emballonurinae azpifamilia eta Emballonuridae familian sailkatuta dago

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Balantiopteryx plicata ( Italian )

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Balantiopteryx plicata (Peters, 1867) è un Pipistrello della famiglia dei Emballonuridi diffuso nell'America centrale.[1][2]

Descrizione

Dimensioni

Pipistrello di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 47 e 53 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 40 e 45 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 13 e 17 mm, la lunghezza del piede tra 7 e 10 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 13 e 15 mm e un peso fino a 6 g.[3]

Aspetto

Le parti dorsali sono grigio chiare, spesso giallastre sulla groppa, mentre le parti ventrali sono leggermente più chiare. Il muso è appuntito. Le labbra sono lisce, con quella superiore leggermente protuberante e con le narici dirette leggermente verso l'esterno. Le orecchie sono relativamente piccole, separate, leggermente arrotondate e con il margine esterno dritto o leggermente convesso. Il trago è arrotondato verso l'estremità, con il margine esterno convesso e fornito di una dentellatura alla base e con il margine interno dritto. Le membrane alari sono marroni con i bordi marcati di bianco e attaccate posteriormente lungo le anche. Sono presenti delle sacche ghiandolari ben sviluppate sulla superficie dorsale davanti al gomito e con l'apertura rivolta verso il corpo. I piedi sono delicati. La coda è corta e perfora a circa metà della sua lunghezza la superficie dorsale dell'uropatagio. Gli arti inferiori sono relativamente lunghi. Il cariotipo è 2n=32 FNa=60.

Ecolocazione

Emette ultrasuoni ad alto ciclo di lavoro sotto forma di impulsi di breve durata e banda stretta a frequenza iniziale di 40,2-43,7 kHz, finale a 37,9-41,3 kHz e massima energia a 38,6-43,9 kHz. Questa configurazione è presente nei pipistrelli che catturano le prede nella densa vegetazione[4].

Biologia

Comportamento

Si rifugia all'interno delle grotte e miniere vicino alle entrate, nelle cavità degli alberi e negli edifici. Solitamente di notte vengono utilizzati altri siti come ponti od altri fabbricati. Formano gruppi con oltre 50 individui, di cui i tre quarti sono maschi. L'attività predatoria inizia immediatamente dopo il tramonto.

Alimentazione

Si nutre di insetti volanti catturati sopra le chiome degli alberi.

Riproduzione

Le femmine danno alla luce i piccoli verso la fine di giugno, in piena estate delle piogge.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie è diffusa dal Messico nord-occidentale fino alla Costa Rica nord-occidentale.

Vive nelle foreste decidue e nelle boscaglie secche fino a 1.500 metri di altitudine.

Tassonomia

Sono state riconosciute 2 sottospecie:

Stato di conservazione

La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto areale, la popolazione presumibilmente numerosa e la presenza in diverse aree protette, classifica B.plicata come specie a rischio minimo (LC).[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) Lim, B., Miller, B., Reid, F., Arroyo-Cabrales, J., Cuarón, A.D. & de Grammont, P.C. 2008, Balantiopteryx plicata, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ (EN) D.E. Wilson e D.M. Reeder, Balantiopteryx plicata, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3ª ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
  3. ^ Reid, 2009.
  4. ^ C.Ibanez, J.Juste, R. Lopez-Wilchis, L.Albuja V. & A. Nunez-Garduno, Echolocation of three species of Sac-Winged Bats (Balantiopteryx), in Journal of Mammalogy, vol. 83, n. 4, 2002, pp. 1049-1057.

Bibliografia

  • Joaquin Arroyo-Cabrales & J.Knox jones, Balantiopteryx plicata (PDF), in Mammalian Species, n. 301, 1988 (archiviato dall'url originale il 2 dicembre 2013).
  • Fiona A. Reid, A field guide to the Mammals of Central America and Southeast Mexico, Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 9780195343236

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Balantiopteryx plicata: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Balantiopteryx plicata (Peters, 1867) è un Pipistrello della famiglia dei Emballonuridi diffuso nell'America centrale.

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Balantiopteryx plicata ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Balantiopteryx plicata is een zoogdier uit de familie van de schedestaartvleermuizen (Emballonuridae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Peters in 1867.

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Balantiopteryx plicata ( Portuguese )

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Balantiopteryx plicata é uma espécie de morcego da família Emballonuridae. Pode ser encontrada no México, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicarágua, Costa Rica e também no norte da Colômbia.

Referências

  • SIMMONS, N. B. Order Chiroptera. In: WILSON, D. E.; REEDER, D. M. (Eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3. ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. v. 1, p. 312-529.
  • LIM, B.; MILLER, B.; REID, F.; ARROYO-CABRALES, J.; CUARÓN, A. D.; de GRAMMONT, P. C. 2008. Balantiopteryx plicata. In: IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. . Acessado em 16 de dezembro de 2008.
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Balantiopteryx plicata: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Balantiopteryx plicata é uma espécie de morcego da família Emballonuridae. Pode ser encontrada no México, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicarágua, Costa Rica e também no norte da Colômbia.

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Balantiopteryx plicata ( Swedish )

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Balantiopteryx plicata[2][3] är en däggdjursart som beskrevs av Peters 1867. Balantiopteryx plicata ingår i släktet Balantiopteryx, och familjen frisvansade fladdermöss.[4][5] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[4] Wilson & Reeder (2005) skiljer mellan två underarter.[6] Artepitet plicatus är latin och betyder veckad.[7]

Flera individer från södra Mexiko var med svans 63 till 70 mm långa, svanslängden var 12 till 21 mm och underarmarna var 39,2 till 42,6 mm långa. De hade 6 till 9 mm långa bakfötter och 12 till 16 mm långa öron. Hos stora exemplar kan underarmarna vara 46 mm långa. Balantiopteryx plicata har liksom andra släktmedlemmar ett säckformigt organ med en körtelflygmembranen. Kännetecknande är att organet ligger i vingens centrum. Dessutom har en del av flygmembranen en vit kant. Som hos alla frisvansade fladdermöss ligger svansens spets utanför svansflyghuden. Arten har en gråaktig till brunaktig päls som är lite ljusare på undersidan. Några delar av flygmembranen är på ovansidan täckta med hår. Tandformeln är I 1/3 C 1/1 P 2/2 M 3/3, alltså 32 tänder.[7]

Denna fladdermus förekommer i Amerika. Utbredningsområdet sträcker sig från centrala Mexiko till Costa Rica. Dessutom finns två mindre avskilda populationer. En på södra Baja California och den andra i norra Colombia. Arten vistas i låglandet och i bergstrakter upp till 1500 meter över havet. Habitatet utgörs av olika slags skogar samt buskskogar.[1]

Individerna bildar kolonier med 50 eller fler medlemmar som vilar i grottor, trädens håligheter, redskapsbyggnader eller liknande gömställen. Vanligen är tre fjärdedelar av kolonin hanar. Födan utgörs av insekter. I tropiska delar föds ungarna under regntiden.[1]

Arten flyger vanligen 10 till 25 meter ovanför marken som kan vara täckt av skog eller av låg växtlighet. För olika honor registrerades en hastighet av 9 till 10 km/h som är långsamt jämförd med andra fladdermöss. Balantiopteryx plicata kan vid viloplatsen bilda blandade flockar eller kolonier med andra fladdermöss. Fladdermusen jagas av ugglor och av hökar. På land kan den falla offer för skunkar, näsbjörnar och tamkatter.[7]

Källor

  1. ^ [a b c d] 2008 Balantiopteryx plicata Från: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <www.iucnredlist.org>. Läst 2012-10-24.
  2. ^ Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (1992) , Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing
  3. ^ Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole (2000) , Common Names of Mammals of the World
  4. ^ [a b] Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (28 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/balantiopteryx+plicata/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.
  5. ^ ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Orrell T. (custodian), 2011-04-26
  6. ^ (2005) , website Balantiopteryx plicata, Mammal Species of the World
  7. ^ [a b c] Cabrales & Knox Jones (15 januari 1988). Balantiopteryx plicata (på engelska). Mammalian Species #301. American Society of Mammalogists. http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/VHAYSSEN/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-301-01-0001.pdf. Läst 26 oktober 2017.

Externa länkar

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Balantiopteryx plicata: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Balantiopteryx plicata är en däggdjursart som beskrevs av Peters 1867. Balantiopteryx plicata ingår i släktet Balantiopteryx, och familjen frisvansade fladdermöss. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life. Wilson & Reeder (2005) skiljer mellan två underarter. Artepitet plicatus är latin och betyder veckad.

Flera individer från södra Mexiko var med svans 63 till 70 mm långa, svanslängden var 12 till 21 mm och underarmarna var 39,2 till 42,6 mm långa. De hade 6 till 9 mm långa bakfötter och 12 till 16 mm långa öron. Hos stora exemplar kan underarmarna vara 46 mm långa. Balantiopteryx plicata har liksom andra släktmedlemmar ett säckformigt organ med en körtelflygmembranen. Kännetecknande är att organet ligger i vingens centrum. Dessutom har en del av flygmembranen en vit kant. Som hos alla frisvansade fladdermöss ligger svansens spets utanför svansflyghuden. Arten har en gråaktig till brunaktig päls som är lite ljusare på undersidan. Några delar av flygmembranen är på ovansidan täckta med hår. Tandformeln är I 1/3 C 1/1 P 2/2 M 3/3, alltså 32 tänder.

Denna fladdermus förekommer i Amerika. Utbredningsområdet sträcker sig från centrala Mexiko till Costa Rica. Dessutom finns två mindre avskilda populationer. En på södra Baja California och den andra i norra Colombia. Arten vistas i låglandet och i bergstrakter upp till 1500 meter över havet. Habitatet utgörs av olika slags skogar samt buskskogar.

Individerna bildar kolonier med 50 eller fler medlemmar som vilar i grottor, trädens håligheter, redskapsbyggnader eller liknande gömställen. Vanligen är tre fjärdedelar av kolonin hanar. Födan utgörs av insekter. I tropiska delar föds ungarna under regntiden.

Arten flyger vanligen 10 till 25 meter ovanför marken som kan vara täckt av skog eller av låg växtlighet. För olika honor registrerades en hastighet av 9 till 10 km/h som är långsamt jämförd med andra fladdermöss. Balantiopteryx plicata kan vid viloplatsen bilda blandade flockar eller kolonier med andra fladdermöss. Fladdermusen jagas av ugglor och av hökar. På land kan den falla offer för skunkar, näsbjörnar och tamkatter.

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Balantiopteryx plicata ( Turkish )

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Binominal adı Balantiopteryx plicata
Peters, 1867 Dağılımı
Dağılımı
Dış bağlantılar Commons-logo.svg Wikimedia Commons'ta Balantiopteryx plicata ile ilgili çoklu ortam belgeleri bulunur. Wikispecies-logo.svg Wikispecies'te Balantiopteryx plicata ile ilgili detaylı taksonomi bilgileri bulunur.

Balantiopteryx plicata, serbest kuyruklu yarasagiller familyasından bir yarasa türüdür. Meksika'da Güney Aşağı Kaliforniya ve Sonora'dan Guatemala'ya, El Salvador'a, Honduras'a, Nikaragua'ya, Kosta Rika ve kuzey Kolombiya'ya kadar olan bölgede 1.500 m. rakıma kadar yaşarlar.

Stub icon Yarasa ile ilgili bu madde bir taslaktır. Madde içeriğini geliştirerek Vikipedi'ye katkıda bulunabilirsiniz.
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Balantiopteryx plicata ( Ukrainian )

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Balantiopteryx plicata — один з видів мішкокрилих кажанів родини Emballonuridae.

Поширення

Країни поширення: Колумбія, Коста-Рика, Сальвадор, Гватемала, Гондурас, Мексика, Нікарагуа. Мешкає від низовини до 1500 м. Цей вид зустрічається в листяних лісах, сухих колючих чагарниках і вічнозелених лісах. Лаштує сідала біля входів печер і шахт або в дуплах дерев і в будівлях. Розмір групи зазвичай більше, ніж 50. Активність починається безпосередньо перед заходом сонця. Поживою є комахи.

Загрози та охорона

Загрозами є втрата середовища проживання і вандалізм в печерах. Зустрічається в деяких охоронних територіях у Мексиці.

Посилання


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Balantiopteryx plicata: Brief Summary ( Ukrainian )

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Balantiopteryx plicata — один з видів мішкокрилих кажанів родини Emballonuridae.

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Dơi bao xám ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Dơi bao xám (tên khoa học Balantiopteryx plicata) là một loài dơi trong họ Emballonuridae.[2] Loài này được Peters mô tả năm 1867.[3] Chúng được tìm thấy ở México từ Baja California SurSonora đến Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica và phía bắc Colombia, ở độ cao lên đến 1500 m.[4]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ Lim, B., Miller, B., Reid, F., Arroyo-Cabrales, J., Cuarón, A. D. & de Grammont, P. C. 2008. Balantiopteryx plicata trong IUCN 2010. Sách đỏ IUCN về các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2010.4. www.iucnredlist.org Tra cứu ngày 2 tháng 4 năm 2011.
  2. ^ Simmons 2005, p. 385.
  3. ^ Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. biên tập (2005). “Balantiopteryx plicata”. Mammal Species of the World . Baltimore: Nhà in Đại học Johns Hopkins, 2 tập (2.142 trang). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  4. ^ Lim et al. 2008

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết dơi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Dơi bao xám: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Dơi bao xám (tên khoa học Balantiopteryx plicata) là một loài dơi trong họ Emballonuridae. Loài này được Peters mô tả năm 1867. Chúng được tìm thấy ở México từ Baja California SurSonora đến Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica và phía bắc Colombia, ở độ cao lên đến 1500 m.

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Мешкокрыл Петерса ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Латинское название Balantiopteryx plicata
(Peters, 1867)
Ареал
изображение

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Систематика
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Изображения
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ITIS 631696 NCBI 249010 Охранный статус
Status iucn3.1 LC ru.svg
Вызывающие наименьшие опасения
IUCN 3.1 Least Concern: 2533

Мешкокрыл Петерса[1] (лат. Balantiopteryx plicata) — небольшая летучая мышь семейства футлярохвостых. Обитает в Центральной и Южной Америке.

Страны распространения: Колумбия, Коста-Рика, Сальвадор, Гватемала, Гондурас, Мексика, Никарагуа. Обитает от низменности до 1500 метров над уровнем моря. Этот вид встречается в лиственных лесах, сухих колючих зарослях и вечнозелёных лесах. Устраивает ночлег у входа в пещеры и шахты или в дуплах деревьев и в зданиях. В группе обычно более 50 животных. Активность начинается непосредственно перед заходом солнца. Пищей являются насекомые.

Угрозами для вида являются потеря среды и вандализм в пещерах. Встречается в некоторых охраняемых районах в Мексике.

Примечания

  1. Полная иллюстрированная энциклопедия. «Млекопитающие» Кн. 2 = The New Encyclopedia of Mammals / под ред. Д. Макдональда. — М.: Омега, 2007. — С. 464. — 3000 экз.ISBN 978-5-465-01346-8.
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Мешкокрыл Петерса: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Мешкокрыл Петерса (лат. Balantiopteryx plicata) — небольшая летучая мышь семейства футлярохвостых. Обитает в Центральной и Южной Америке.

Страны распространения: Колумбия, Коста-Рика, Сальвадор, Гватемала, Гондурас, Мексика, Никарагуа. Обитает от низменности до 1500 метров над уровнем моря. Этот вид встречается в лиственных лесах, сухих колючих зарослях и вечнозелёных лесах. Устраивает ночлег у входа в пещеры и шахты или в дуплах деревьев и в зданиях. В группе обычно более 50 животных. Активность начинается непосредственно перед заходом солнца. Пищей являются насекомые.

Угрозами для вида являются потеря среды и вандализм в пещерах. Встречается в некоторых охраняемых районах в Мексике.

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회색주머니날개박쥐 ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

회색주머니날개박쥐(Balantiopteryx plicata)는 대꼬리박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다.[2] 멕시코바하칼리포르니아수르주소노라주부터 과테말라, 엘살바도르, 온두라스, 니카라과, 코스타리카 그리고 콜롬비아 북부 지역의 해발 고도 최대 1500m 높이까지 지역에서 서식한다.[1]

각주

  1. “Balantiopteryx plicata”. 《멸종 위기 종의 IUCN 적색 목록. 2010.4판》 (영어). 국제 자연 보전 연맹. 2008. 2011년 4월 2일에 확인함.
  2. Simmons, N.B. (2005). 〈Order Chiroptera〉 [박쥐목]. Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. 《Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference》 (영어) 3판. 존스 홉킨스 대학교 출판사. 385쪽. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
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