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Sphaeridium

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Sphaeridium is a genus of beetles in the family Hydrophilidae, the water scavenger beetles. They occur in Europe, and some species have been introduced to North America.[1]

Description

The adults are 4 to 7.5 millimeters long. They have short antennae with hairy clubs at the tips.[2]

These beetles live in cow dung. The adults feed on the dung and other organic matter,[1] but the beetle larvae are predators of the maggots of the flies that breed in the dung, such as the face fly (Musca autumnalis). Two or more Sphaeridium beetle species may coexist in one pat, and the larvae may feed on each other. The female beetle deposits several eggs encased in a cocoon.[3]

Species

Species include:[4]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sphaeridium.
  1. ^ a b Hanski, I. (1980). The three coexisting species of Sphaeridium (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Ann. Entomol. Fenn 46, 39-48.
  2. ^ Watson, L. and Dallwitz, M. J. Sphaeridium. British Insects: Water Beetles. Version: 18 September 2012.
  3. ^ Sowig, P. (1997). Predation among Sphaeridium larvae: the role of starvation and size differences (Coleoptera Hydrophilidae). Ethology Ecology & Evolution 9(3), 241-251.
  4. ^ Sphaeridium. Fauna Europaea. Version 2.6.2.
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Sphaeridium: Brief Summary

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Sphaeridium is a genus of beetles in the family Hydrophilidae, the water scavenger beetles. They occur in Europe, and some species have been introduced to North America.

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Sphaeridium ( French )

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Sphaeridium: Brief Summary ( French )

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Sphaeridium est un genre d'insectes coléoptères de la famille des Hydrophilidae, de la sous-famille des Hydrophilinae.

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Sphaeridium ( Norwegian )

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Sphaeridium er en slekt av biller som hører til familien vannkjær (Hydrophilidae). Disse billene er vanlige i fersk husdyrgjødsel.

Utseende

Middelsstore (gjerne 4-7 millimeter), nærmest halvkuleformede, svarte biller, vingespissene ofte røde eller gule. Kroppen er hårløs og gjerne litt matt, dekkvingene uten punktrader.

Levevis

De fleste av kulevannkjærene er knyttet til møkk. De kommer gjerne i store mengder til ferske, ennå våte kuruker, og etter noen timer er kurukene gjerne fullstendig gjennomhullet av kulevannkjærenes ganger. Andre arter lever i råtnende plantemateriale, men de krever høy fuktighet.

Systematisk inndeling

Artslisten følger [1] og [2]

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Sphaeridium scarabaeoides
Treliste

Referanser

  1. ^ Fauna Europaea Web Service 2.6.2 (2013) [1]
  2. ^ Löbl, I. og Löbl, D. (red.) (2015) Hydrophiloidea - Staphylinoidea. Volume 1. Revised and updated edition. E.J. Brill, Leiden/Boston.

Kilder

Eksterne lenker

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Sphaeridium: Brief Summary ( Norwegian )

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Sphaeridium er en slekt av biller som hører til familien vannkjær (Hydrophilidae). Disse billene er vanlige i fersk husdyrgjødsel.

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