Șobolan este oricare dintre cele 64 de specii de rozătoare mici, omnivore, aparținând genului Rattus din familia Muridae, subfamilia Murinae.
Taxonomia genului Rattus
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Exemplar de
Rattus norvegicus
Genul Rattus este parte a subfamiliei gigante Murinae. În această subfamilie există alte câteva genuri, care sunt uneori considerate ca făcând parte din genul Rattus. Acestea sunt: Lenothrix, Anonymomys, Sundamys, Kadarsanomys, Diplothrix, Margaretamys, Lenomys, Komodomys, Palawanomys, Bunomys, Nesoromys, Stenomys, Taeromys, Paruromys, Abditomys, Tryphomys, Limnomys, Tarsomys, Bullimus, Apomys, Millardia, Srilankamys, Niviventer, Maxomys, Leopoldamys, Berylmys, Mastomys, Myomys, Praomys, Hylomyscus, Heimyscus, Stochomys, Dephomys și Aethomys.
Genul Rattus conține 64 de specii. S-a propus o nouă împărțire a speciilor din acest gen, dar aceasta nu cuprinde toate speciile incluse. Aceste grupuri sunt:
- grupul R. rattus
- grupul R. rattus norvegicus
- grupul R. rattus fuscipes - nativi din Australia
- grupul R. rattus leucopus - nativi din Noua Guinee
- grupul R. rattus xanthurus - nativi din Sulawesi
- grupul R. rattus exulans
- Incertae sedis
Specii
Genul Rattus cuprinde următoarele specii:
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Rattus adustus Sody, 1940
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Rattus annandalei (Bonhote, 1903)
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Rattus argentiventer (Robinson y Kloss, 1916)
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Rattus baluensis (Thomas, 1894)
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Rattus bontanus (Thomas, 1921)
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Rattus burrus (Miller, 1902)
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Rattus colletti (Thomas, 1904)
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Rattus elaphinus (Sody, 1941)
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Rattus enganus (Miller, 1906)
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Rattus everetti (Guenther, 1879)
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Rattus exulans (Peale, 1848)
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Rattus feliceus (Thomas, 1920)
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Rattus foramineus Sody, 1941
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Rattus fuscipes (Waterhouse, 1839)
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Rattus giluwensis (Hill, 1960)
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Rattus hainaldi (Kitchener, How y Maharadatunkamsi, 1991)
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Rattus hoffmanni (Matschie, 1901)
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Rattus hoogerwerfi Chasen, 1939
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Rattus jobiensis Ruemmler, 1935
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Rattus koopmani Musser y Holden, 1991
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Rattus korinchi (Robinson y Kloss, 1916)
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Rattus leucopus (Gray, 1867)
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Rattus losea (Swinhoe, 1871)
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Rattus lugens (Miller, 1903)
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Rattus lutreolus (J. E. Gray, 1841)
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Rattus macleari (Thomas, 1887)
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Rattus marmosurus Thomas, 1921
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Rattus mindorensis (Thomas, 1898)
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Rattus mollicomulus Tate y Archbold, 1935
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Rattus montanus Phillips, 1932
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Rattus mordax (Thomas, 1904)
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Rattus morotaiensis Kellogg, 1945
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Rattus nativitatis (Thomas, 1889)
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Rattus nitidus (Hodgson, 1845)
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Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769)
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Rattus novaeguineae Taylor y Calaby, 1982
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Rattus osgoodi Musser y Newcomb, 1985
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Rattus palmarum (Zelebor, 1869)
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Rattus pelurus Sody, 1941
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Rattus praetor (Thomas, 1888)
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Rattus ranjiniae Agrawal y Ghosal, 1969
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Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758)
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Rattus sanila Flannery y White, 1991
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Rattus sikkimensis Hinton, 1919
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Rattus simalurensis (Miller, 1903)
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Rattus sordidus (Gould, 1858)
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Rattus steini Ruemmler, 1935
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Rattus stoicus (Miller, 1902)
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Rattus tanezumi Temminck, 1844
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Rattus tawitawiensis Musser y Heaney, 1985
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Rattus timorensis Kitchener, Aplin y Boeadi, 1991
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Rattus tiomanicus (Miller, 1900)
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Rattus tunneyi (Thomas, 1904)
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Rattus turkestanicus (Satunin, 1903)
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Rattus villosissimus (Waite, 1898)
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Rattus xanthurus (Gray, 1867)
Bibliografie
- Barnett, S. Anthony (2002) The Story of Rats: Their Impact on Us, and Our Impact on Them, Allen & Unwin, Crows Nest, NSW, 202 pages, ISBN 1-86508-519-7.
- Hendrickson, R. (1983) More Cunning than Man: A Complete History of the Rat and its Role in Civilization, Kensington Books. ISBN 1-57566-393-7.
- Jahn, G. C., P. Cox, S. Mak, and N. Chhorn (1999) "Farmer participatory research on rat management in Cambodia", In G. Singleton, L. Hinds, H. Leirs and Zhibin Zhang [Eds.] Ecologically-based rodent management ACIAR, Canberra. Ch. 17, pp. 358–371. ISBN 1-86320-262-5.
- Leung, LKP; Cox, Peter G.; Jahn, G. C.; Nugent, Robert (2002). „Evaluating rodent management with Cambodian rice farmers”. Cambodian Journal of Agriculture. 5: 21–26.
- Matthews, I. (1898). Full Revelations of a Professional Rat-Catcher, after 25 Years’ Experience. 1st ed. Manchester: Friendly Societies Printing Co. ISBN 1-905124-64-3.
- Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton. 1993. "Family Muridae" in D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. "Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference", Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 501–755.
- Nowak, R. M. (1999) Walker's Mammals of the World Vol. 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, London.
- Sullivan, Robert (2004). Rats: A Year with New York's Most Unwanted Inhabitants. Granta Books, London.
- Sullivan, Robert (2005). Rats: Observations on the History and Habitat of the City's Most Unwanted Inhabitants. Bloomsbury USA. ISBN 1-58234-477-9.
Legături externe
