The ocellated antbird is the largest antbird, with a long bill and tail. Females usually weigh 44-50g and measure 177-203mm in total length, while males weigh 50-58g on average and measure 174-202mm. Their backs and chests are a reddish-brown color and are covered in black spots. They have black feathers on their throats, a grey crown, and bare blue skin around their eyes. Juveniles have crowns made up of black feathers with white tips. Their faces are duskier and not as bright blue as those of adults, and they also lack the rust coloring in the breast and belly (Willis 1973).
Males copulate with females after many courtship feedings, when the female allows it. Nests are built in old growth forests on the ground between the buttresses of large trees and are cup-shaped, made up of small twigs and dried vines. Clutch size is usually two, and both males and females incubate the eggs (Willis 1973). Both parents also feed the nestlings, bringing them prey from the ant swarm at which they forage (Class and Chaves-Campos 2009). Nest success tends to be low, with an estimated survival of 4.2%. Nest predators include snakes and hawks (Willis 1973).
Ocellated antbirds seem to be very susceptible to forest fragmentation. Willis (1973, 1974) reported the decline of the species from 1960 to 1971 in Barro Colorado Island in Panamá, a mountaintop that became an island with the construction of the Panamá Canal around 1914. Annual mortality rate was 30% for adults in the late 60’s and early 70’s (Willis 1974) and the population in this 1500 ha island has already declined to complete extinction (Robinson 1999).The likely reason for this local extinction is that the large body of water surrounding the island has become an effective barrier for dispersal of ocellated antbirds (Robinson 1999, Chaves-Campos and DeWoody 2008). Populations of ocellated antbirds seem to be healthier in larger protected areas (Chaves-Campos and DeWoody 2008).
The Ocellated antbird (Phaenostictus mcleannani) is a neotropical bird that can be found in the understory of lowland humid forests, ranging from southeastern Honduras to northwestern Ecuador (Willis 1973). Adults sport spotted plumage on their chests and back, black throats with a red-orange breast area that fades to brown, a grey crown, and bare blue skin around the eyes (Willis 1973). The diet of this species consists mainly of insects and arthropods, which they catch by following army ants, given that these ants tend to flush other insects out from their hiding places (Stiles and Skutch 1989). Ocellated antbirds mate for life and keep roosting and feeding territories. Nests are placed between the buttresses of trees and both parents take turns incubating and feeding their young (Class and Chaves-Campos 2009). Young Ocellateds gain foraging independence by 6 weeks, and after around six months (if female) or longer (if male), they leave their parents to establish their own roosting site with a mate (Willis 1973).
The ocellated antbird’s natural habitat is the understory of lowland humid forests. They can be found from east Honduras to northwest Ecuador, and are endemic to the tropics in the Americas (Willis 1973). It is primarily restricted to lowland Caribbean forests in Central America, and its elevational range in Costa Rica is sea level to 1200m. They are nonmigratory (Stiles and Skutch 1989).
Ocellated antbirds occur mainly in the undergrowth of humid lowland forests, usually preferring old growth forests. They rarely cross open areas an can often be found wandering in the undergrowth when not following ant colonies. Birds tend to occupy “home ranges” of about 6ha (Chaves-Campos and DeWoody 2008) within which the build a nest and lay eggs (Class and Chaves-Campos 2009). They tend to avoid areas with exposed undergrowth and little leaf litter and tend to show a preference for sloped forests in Panamá (Willis 1973), but not in Costa Rica (Chaves-Campos and DeWoody 2008).
Mates
Ocellated antbirds are monogamous and mate for life. There are three components to courtship between the male and the female, which are loud singing, courtship feeding, and traveling together. Males court females by bringing them food, and after multiple feedings the female will allow the male to copulate with her. Mates always travel and forage together unless the female has laid eggs, in which case they will take turns, with one partner incubating while the other forages (Willis 1973, Class and Chaves-Campos 2009). If a male loses his mate, he will loud-sing repeatedly until the female replies, at which point they will sing to each other until they come together again (Willis 1973).
Social behavior
Pairs of ocellated antbirds and their offspring often roost and feed together. Pairs tend to have a feeding range of about 50ha and a roosting and nesting area of about 6ha, which is usually located in the center area of the feeding range. Roosting areas are surrounded by neighboring roosts from other pairs, causing feeding ranges to overlap and for roosting neighbors to aggregate at the same swarms (Chaves-Campos and DeWoody 2008). Males tend to respond aggressively to other males that infringe on their roosting areas, however a study done by Chaves-Campos et. al. (2009) has shown that these responses are less aggressive when directed towards adjacent neighbors versus non-neighbors. Pairs also often compete for access to perches at the front of ant swarms, however they were found to tolerate the presence of nearby neighbors at the fronts, while chasing off more distant neighbors (Chaves-Campos et. al. 2009).
Calls
Ocellated antbirds have a variety of different calls. These include chirring (a loud buzzing in reaction to terrestrial mammals animals), keening (reaction to a distant and uncertain danger), chipping (call given when a bird flees for cover), grunting (made towards competitors when they come too close), loud-songs (given when mates are separated or when a bird leaves a swarm), faint-songs (when a group of birds is about to travel), serpentine songs (used to attract a mate or young to a feeding site), whirring and snapping (made by dominant birds towards subordinates), chittering (made by subordinate birds to dominant ones), whining (made by a subordinate bird as it attempts to avoid being chased away from a swarm), and caroling (sung when a male or female is feeding a young bird or when a male is feeding a female) (Willis 1973). Calls can be used to display aggression, to let other birds know that one is departing an ant swarm in search of another, and to draw birds towards a swarm (Willis 1973, Chaves-Campos 2011).
Ocellated antbirds are terrestrial and understory foragers, eating a diet of terrestrial invertebrates and vertebrates (Willis 1973, Class and Chaves-Campos 2009). They forage by sallying and are also obligate army and followers and do not forage outside of army ant swarms. Their foraging strategy is to follow army ant colonies in order to catch and eat whatever arthropods the colony flushes out of their hiding places as it swarms. Mated pairs forage within their respective “feeding ranges” which tend to overlap with other birds’ feeding ranges (both Ocellated and other antbird species), and foraging occurs on a daily basis (Chaves-Campos and DeWoody 2008). Close relatives have been shown to feed together, and neighboring birds have also been shown to take advantage of the knowledge of ant colony movement of other birds. These behaviors include travelling in groups and following birds that leave a feeding patch, travelling in a focused manner (suggesting that they are not wandering and looking for ants, but that they or another member of the group knows where the ants are), and using faint songs when leaving a swarm to alert others that they are going to another one. Loud songs can also be used to lead birds to ant swarm, as it is usually emitted when birds are not in view of each other. This system can be considered “a network of spatial knowledge” in which bird pairs interact with neighbors in order to gain access to and find more ant colonies (Chaves-Campos 2011).
Ocellated antbirds occur mainly in the undergrowth of humid lowland forests, usually preferring old growth forests. They rarely cross open areas an can often be found wandering in the undergrowth when not following ant colonies. Birds tend to occupy “home ranges” of about 6ha (Chaves-Campos and DeWoody 2008) within which the build a nest and lay eggs (Class and Chaves-Campos 2009). They tend to avoid areas with exposed undergrowth and little leaf litter and tend to show a preference for sloped forests in Panamá (Willis 1973), but not in Costa Rica (Chaves-Campos and DeWoody 2008).
Distribucion General: Se encuentra desde el este de Honduras hasta el noroeste de Ecuador.
Les especies d'aves con nome común en llingua asturiana márquense como NOA. En casu contrariu, conséñase'l nome científicu o de la SEO.
'''Phaenostictus mcleannani,[2][3] ye una especie d'ave paseriforme de la familia Thamnophilidae. Distribuyir en América Central y el noroeste de Suramérica. Ye monotípica dientro del xéneru Phaenostictus.
Distribúise dende Hondures, al traviés de Nicaragua, Costa Rica y Panamá, hasta l'oeste de Colombia y el noroeste d'Ecuador. Habita nel sotobosque de viesques húmedes y montes secundarios.
Aliméntase principalmente d'inseutos y artrópodos y dacuando pequeños llagartos. La mayoría de les sos preses llograr siguiendo los senderos de formigues guerreres. Una d'estes especies de formigues ye Eciton burchellii. El formigueru ocelado ye consideráu un Ave siguidora de formigues siguidor obligáu de formigues guerreres, escasamente forrajea llueñe d'ensamar. Ente les especies de formigueros y siguidores de formigues (como tángaras y trepadores) polo xeneral ye la especie dominante.
La bioloxía social d'esta especie ye inusual pa la familia de los formigueros. La pareya reproductora formar el nucleu d'un grupu o cla qu'inclúi a los sos descendientes machos y les sos compañeres. Estes cles trabayen xuntos pa defender los sos territorios contra los rivales.
Reconócense cuatro subespecies:[4]
. 
Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Aves, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies. Les especies d'aves con nome común en llingua asturiana márquense como NOA. En casu contrariu, conséñase'l nome científicu o de la SEO. '''Phaenostictus mcleannani, ye una especie d'ave paseriforme de la familia Thamnophilidae. Distribuyir en América Central y el noroeste de Suramérica. Ye monotípica dientro del xéneru Phaenostictus.
Phaenostictus mcleannani[1] a zo ur spesad golvaneged eus ar c'herentiad Thamnophilidae.
Anvet e voe Phlogopsis MeLeannani[2] (kentanv) da gentañ-penn (e 1861) gant an evnoniour amatour stadunanat George Newbold Lawrence (1806-1895).
Ar spesad nemetañ er genad Phaenostictus an hini eo.
Bevañ a ra diwar amprevaned hag artropoded all, ha kemer glazarded bihan ivez[3].
Ar spesad a gaver an tri isspesad[4] anezhañ en un takad hag a ya eus Honduras da walarn Ecuador :
a vo kavet e Wikimedia Commons.
Phaenostictus mcleannani a zo ur spesad golvaneged eus ar c'herentiad Thamnophilidae.
Anvet e voe Phlogopsis MeLeannani (kentanv) da gentañ-penn (e 1861) gant an evnoniour amatour stadunanat George Newbold Lawrence (1806-1895).
Ar spesad nemetañ er genad Phaenostictus an hini eo.
Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Aderyn morgrug smotiog (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: aderyn morgrug smotiog) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Phaenostictus mcleannani; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Ocellated antbird. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Adar Morgrug (Lladin: Formicariidae) sydd yn urdd y Passeriformes.[1]
Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn P. mcleannani, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2] Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yn Ne America a Gogledd America.
Mae'r aderyn morgrug smotiog yn perthyn i deulu'r Adar Morgrug (Lladin: Formicariidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:
Rhestr Wicidata:
rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Pita morgrug cawraidd Grallaria gigantea Pita morgrug cefnwinau Grallaria hypoleuca
Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Aderyn morgrug smotiog (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: aderyn morgrug smotiog) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Phaenostictus mcleannani; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Ocellated antbird. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Adar Morgrug (Lladin: Formicariidae) sydd yn urdd y Passeriformes.
Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn P. mcleannani, sef enw'r rhywogaeth. Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yn Ne America a Gogledd America.
The ocellated antbird (Phaenostictus mcleannani) is a species of antbird in the family Thamnophilidae. It is monotypic within the genus Phaenostictus and is found in southern Central America and the northwestern part of South America. Its natural habitat is the understory of tropical moist lowland forest, foothill forest, and tall secondary growth woodlands.
The species is 19 cm long and weighs around 50 g. The eye is surrounded by a large area of bare blue coloured skin. The plumage varies slightly amongst the three subspecies, but overall it has a grey crown, black throat with a buff breast changing into a spotted belly and back.
The bird feeds primarily on insects, arthropods, and sometimes on small lizards. Most of its prey is obtained from trails of army ants, which flush the prey from hiding places. One such army ant species is Eciton burchellii. The ocellated antbird is considered an obligate follower of army ants, seldom foraging away from swarms. Amongst the species of antbirds and other army ant followers (such as tanagers and woodcreepers) it is usually a dominant species.
The social biology of this species is unusual for the antbird family. The breeding pair form the nucleus of a group or clan that includes their male offspring and their mates. These clans work together to defend territories against rivals. The open nest cup was only recently described, with a clutch of two eggs.[2]
The ocellated antbird was formally described in 1861 by the American amateur ornithologist George Newbold Lawrence and given the binomial name Phlogopsis mcleannani (misspelled as Meleannani). The specific epithet honours James McLeannan, a railway engineer on the Panama Canal Railway, who had collected the specimen in Panama.[3] The ocellated antbird is now placed in the genus Phaenostictus that was erected in 1909 by the American ornithologist Robert Ridgway.[4] The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek phainō meaning "to display" and stiktos for "spotted".[5] Ridgway considered that the species was related to the genus Phlegopsis (the bare-eyes) but that it differed in having a longer tail, rounded nostrils and a few other characters.[4]
Molecular phylogenetic studies of the antbird family, Thamnophilidae, have found that the ocellated antbird sits in the tribe Pithyini and its closest relatives are found in the genus Pithys.[6]
Three subspecies have been described:[7]
The ocellated antbird is a medium-sized antbird, measuring 19 to 19.5 cm (7.5–7.7 in)[7] and weighing 44–58 g (1.6–2.0 oz). Females tend to be slightly smaller than males and weigh slightly less.[8] The plumage and bare parts of the male and female are the same. The eye is surrounded by a large bare blue patch of skin. The head and throat is black with a grey crown and a rufous nape. The upperparts and wing coverts are olive brown with black spots. The rest of the feathers of the wing are black edged with olive. The breast is rufous and belly is olive brown, both have large black spots. The bill is large and black. Juvenile birds have a darker crown, the rufous areas are brighter and the spots are reduced or absent.[7] The species conforms with Bergmann's rule, with birds closer to the Equator having smaller wings and bills than those further away.[8]
The ocellated antbird ranges from Honduras to Ecuador. The race saturatus is found from northern and eastern Honduras through eastern Nicaragua, eastern and northern Costa Rica into the west of Panama. The nominate race is found in the rest of Panama and the Pacific slope as the Andean slope of western Colombia. The race pacificus is found in the extreme south of coastal Colombia and northwestern Ecuador.[7]
The ocellated antbird is a rainforest bird, being found in lowland and hill primary rainforest, as well as secondary forest. Within this habitat it occupies the understory of the forest, feeding and living close to the forest floor. It is found from sea-level up to 1,200 m (3,900 ft) in Costa Rica, but only up as high as 900 m (3,000 ft) in Panama and Colombia and 700 m (2,300 ft) in Ecuador; it is more commonly found below 400 m (1,300 ft) in the later country.[7] They seldom enter or cross open areas, unless the ants that they are following do so.[9]
The ocellated antbird (Phaenostictus mcleannani) is a species of antbird in the family Thamnophilidae. It is monotypic within the genus Phaenostictus and is found in southern Central America and the northwestern part of South America. Its natural habitat is the understory of tropical moist lowland forest, foothill forest, and tall secondary growth woodlands.
The species is 19 cm long and weighs around 50 g. The eye is surrounded by a large area of bare blue coloured skin. The plumage varies slightly amongst the three subspecies, but overall it has a grey crown, black throat with a buff breast changing into a spotted belly and back.
The bird feeds primarily on insects, arthropods, and sometimes on small lizards. Most of its prey is obtained from trails of army ants, which flush the prey from hiding places. One such army ant species is Eciton burchellii. The ocellated antbird is considered an obligate follower of army ants, seldom foraging away from swarms. Amongst the species of antbirds and other army ant followers (such as tanagers and woodcreepers) it is usually a dominant species.
The social biology of this species is unusual for the antbird family. The breeding pair form the nucleus of a group or clan that includes their male offspring and their mates. These clans work together to defend territories against rivals. The open nest cup was only recently described, with a clutch of two eggs.
El hormiguero ocelado[6] (Phaenostictus mcleannani),[5] es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Thamnophilidae, monotípica dentro del género Phaenostictus. Se distribuye en América Central y el noroeste de Sudamérica.
Se distribuye desde el norte de Honduras, a través de Nicaragua, Costa Rica y Panamá, hasta el oeste de Colombia y el noroeste de Ecuador.[7] Ver detalles en Subespecies.
Esta especie es considerada poco común en su hábitat natural, el sotobosque de selvas húmedas hasta los 900 m de altitud.[8]
El hormiguero ocelado es considerado un seguidor obligado de hormigas guerreras, rara vez forrajea lejos de los enjambres. Entre las especies de hormigueros y seguidores de hormigas (como tángaras y trepadores) por lo general es la especie dominante.
Se alimenta principalmente de insectos y artrópodos y a veces pequeños lagartos. La mayoría de sus presas las obtiene siguiendo los senderos de hormigas guerreras para capturar los insectos espantados por las mismas. Una de estas especies de hormigas es Eciton burchellii.
La biología social de esta especie es inusual para la familia de los hormigueros. La pareja reproductora formar el núcleo de un grupo o clan que incluye a sus descendientes machos y sus compañeras. Estos clanes trabajan juntos para defender sus territorios contra los rivales.
La especie P. mcleannani fue descrita por primera vez por el ornitólogo estadounidense George Newbold Lawrence en 1860 (pero publicado apenas en 1861) bajo el nombre científico Phlogopsis MeLeannani (error); localidad tipo «Lion Hill Station, Colón, Panamá».[7]
El género Phaenostictus fue descrito por el ornitólogo estadounidense Robert Ridgway en 1909.[2]
El nombre genérico masculino «Phaenostictus» deriva del griego «phainō»: demostrar, exhibir y «stiktos»: punteado;[9] y el nombre de la especie «mcleannani», homenajea a James McLeannan (fl. 1860) ingeniero estadounidense en el ferrocarril en Panamá y colector.[10]
La subespecie propuesta chocoanus del este de Panamá y noroeste de Colombia, parece ser indistinguible de la nominal.[7]
Los estudios genéticos indican que los géneros Willisornis, Pithys, Phaenostictus, Phlegopsis, Gymnopithys y Rhegmatorhina forman un grupo monofilético de seguidores especializados de hormigas. Este grupo fue denominado «clado Pithys», dentro de una tribu Pithyini.[11][12][13]
Según las clasificaciones del Congreso Ornitológico Internacional (IOC)[14] y Clements Checklist v.2018,[15] se reconocen cuatro subespecies, con su correspondiente distribución geográfica:[7]
|formato= requiere |url= (ayuda)) (en inglés). Año: El hormiguero ocelado (Phaenostictus mcleannani), es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Thamnophilidae, monotípica dentro del género Phaenostictus. Se distribuye en América Central y el noroeste de Sudamérica.
Phaenostictus mcleannani Phaenostictus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Thamnophilidae familian sailkatua dago.
Phaenostictus mcleannani Phaenostictus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Thamnophilidae familian sailkatua dago.
De McLeannans miervogel (Phaenostictus mcleannani) is een zangvogel uit de familie Thamnophilidae.
Deze soort telt 4 ondersoorten:
De McLeannans miervogel (Phaenostictus mcleannani) is een zangvogel uit de familie Thamnophilidae.
Blåmaskemaurvaktar, Phaenostictus mcleannani, er ein stor maurfugl i den biologiske familien Thamnophilidae.
Han er monotypisk innanfor slekta Phaenostictus. Han finst i Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua og Panama. Dei naturlege habitata ligg i underskog av fuktige låglandsskog og skogsområde med høg sekundærvekst.
Arten er 19 centimeter lang og han veg rundt 50 gram. Rundt auget er det eit stort område med naken, blåfarga hud. Fjørdrakta varierer noko mellom dei tre underartar, men samla har dei ei grå krone, svart hals med eit gulbrun bryst som går over til ein svartflekka buk og rygg.
Blåmaskemaurvaktar lever hovudsakleg på insekt og leddyr, nokre gonger tar han små øgler. Mesteparten av bytet tar han ved å følgje vandremaurar, som skremmer bytet ut frå gøymestader. Han er rekna å vere ein fast tilhengjar av vandremaurar, som sjeldan beitar langt unna svermar. Blåmaskemaurvaktar er vanlegvis ein dominerande art når han beitar på vandremaur saman med andre maurfølgjarar som tanagarar og treløparar.
Sosialbiologien for denne arten er uvanleg for maurfuglfamilien. Eit hekkande par dannar kjernen i ei gruppe eller klan som inkluderer dei mannlege avkomma deira og makane deira. Desse klanane samarbeider for å forsvare territorium mot rivalar. Det opne koppforma reiret, med eit kull på to egg, vart nyleg skildra for første gong.
Wikimedia Commons har multimedia som gjeld: Blåmaskemaurvaktar Blåmaskemaurvaktar, Phaenostictus mcleannani, er ein stor maurfugl i den biologiske familien Thamnophilidae.
Han er monotypisk innanfor slekta Phaenostictus. Han finst i Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua og Panama. Dei naturlege habitata ligg i underskog av fuktige låglandsskog og skogsområde med høg sekundærvekst.
Arten er 19 centimeter lang og han veg rundt 50 gram. Rundt auget er det eit stort område med naken, blåfarga hud. Fjørdrakta varierer noko mellom dei tre underartar, men samla har dei ei grå krone, svart hals med eit gulbrun bryst som går over til ein svartflekka buk og rygg.
Blåmaskemaurvaktar lever hovudsakleg på insekt og leddyr, nokre gonger tar han små øgler. Mesteparten av bytet tar han ved å følgje vandremaurar, som skremmer bytet ut frå gøymestader. Han er rekna å vere ein fast tilhengjar av vandremaurar, som sjeldan beitar langt unna svermar. Blåmaskemaurvaktar er vanlegvis ein dominerande art når han beitar på vandremaur saman med andre maurfølgjarar som tanagarar og treløparar.
Sosialbiologien for denne arten er uvanleg for maurfuglfamilien. Eit hekkande par dannar kjernen i ei gruppe eller klan som inkluderer dei mannlege avkomma deira og makane deira. Desse klanane samarbeider for å forsvare territorium mot rivalar. Det opne koppforma reiret, med eit kull på to egg, vart nyleg skildra for første gong.
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Modroliczek[4], gołook obrożny[5] (Phaenostictus mcleannani) – gatunek małego lub średniego ptaka z rodziny chronkowatych (Thamnophilidae). Zasiedla centralną Amerykę Środkową oraz północną część Ameryki Południowej. Jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju Phaenostictus[4][6].
Długość ciała wynosi 19-19,5 cm, masa ciała 48-54 g[7]. Samiec i samica wyglądają podobnie. Cechują się nagą, niebieską skóro wokół oka, brązowym, gęsto ciemno plamkowanym grzbietem i skrzydłami oraz rdzawym spodem ciała.
Gatunek ten podąża za mrówkami wojownicami w poszukiwaniu pożywienia i dominuje nad innymi gatunkami, które przyłączają się do niego (niekiedy jednak sam zostaje zdominowany). Wokół pary tego gatunku obrożnika zbiera się do ośmiu ptaków, często młodych, z nieznanego powodu tolerują obecność pary.
Środowiskiem życia tego gatunku są wilgotne lasy równikowe i wysokie nizinne lasy wtórne, czasami przebywa także w cienistych plantacjach. Jaja wysiadują oboje rodzice. Młode podążają za mrówkami, gdy mają już 23 tygodnie.
Modroliczek, gołook obrożny (Phaenostictus mcleannani) – gatunek małego lub średniego ptaka z rodziny chronkowatych (Thamnophilidae). Zasiedla centralną Amerykę Środkową oraz północną część Ameryki Południowej. Jedyny przedstawiciel rodzaju Phaenostictus.
Długość ciała wynosi 19-19,5 cm, masa ciała 48-54 g. Samiec i samica wyglądają podobnie. Cechują się nagą, niebieską skóro wokół oka, brązowym, gęsto ciemno plamkowanym grzbietem i skrzydłami oraz rdzawym spodem ciała.
Gatunek ten podąża za mrówkami wojownicami w poszukiwaniu pożywienia i dominuje nad innymi gatunkami, które przyłączają się do niego (niekiedy jednak sam zostaje zdominowany). Wokół pary tego gatunku obrożnika zbiera się do ośmiu ptaków, często młodych, z nieznanego powodu tolerują obecność pary.
Środowiskiem życia tego gatunku są wilgotne lasy równikowe i wysokie nizinne lasy wtórne, czasami przebywa także w cienistych plantacjach. Jaja wysiadują oboje rodzice. Młode podążają za mrówkami, gdy mają już 23 tygodnie.
Phaenostictus mcleannani é uma espécie de ave da família Thamnophilidae. É a única espécie do género Phaenostictus.
Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Colômbia, Costa Rica, Equador, Honduras, Nicarágua e Panamá.[1]
Os seus habitats naturais são: florestas subtropicais ou tropicais húmidas de baixa altitude.[1]
Phaenostictus mcleannani é uma espécie de ave da família Thamnophilidae. É a única espécie do género Phaenostictus.
Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Colômbia, Costa Rica, Equador, Honduras, Nicarágua e Panamá.
Os seus habitats naturais são: florestas subtropicais ou tropicais húmidas de baixa altitude.
Pärlmyrfågel[2] (Phaenostictus mcleannani) är en fågel i familjen myrfåglar inom ordningen tättingar.[3] Den placeras som enda art i släktet Phaenostictus. IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.[1]
Pärlmyrfågel delas in i tre underarter:[3]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör pärlmyrfågel.
Wikispecies har information om Phaenostictus mcleannani.
Pärlmyrfågel (Phaenostictus mcleannani) är en fågel i familjen myrfåglar inom ordningen tättingar. Den placeras som enda art i släktet Phaenostictus. IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.
Pärlmyrfågel delas in i tre underarter:
Phaenostictus mcleannani saturatus - förekommer i tropiska östra Honduras till Costa Rica och västligaste Panama Phaenostictus mcleannani mcleannani - förekommer från centrala och östra Panama till nordvästra Colombia Phaenostictus mcleannani pacificus - förekommer från sydvästligaste Colombia (Nariño) till nordvästra Ecuador (Esmeraldas)Phaenostictus mcleannani là một loài chim trong họ Thamnophilidae.[2]
Bài viết liên quan họ chim Thamnophilidae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Phaenostictus mcleannani là một loài chim trong họ Thamnophilidae.
Phaenostictus mcleannani (Lawrence, 1860)
Подвиды
Гла́зчатая муравья́нка[1] (лат. Phaenostictus mcleannani) — вид воробьинообразных птиц из семейства полосатых муравьеловок (Thamnophilidae), выделяемый в монотипный род глазчатых муравьянок (Phaenostictus). Эта птица распространена в Колумбии, Коста-Рике, Эквадоре, Гондурасе, Никарагуа и Панаме[2]. Длина тела — 19,5 см[3]. Когда птицы спокойные они издают быстрый писклявый звук «пии-пии-пии-пии-пиипии-и-и-и-и-ир-ир», обычно снижая последние звуки[3], когда птицы потревожены они издают резкий «виррр» и громкий «чип-ип-ип»[4].
Раньше в виде выделяли 4 подвида, но вследствие ревизии подвидов глазчатой муравьянки у P. m. chocoanus (с востока Панамы и северо-запада Колумбии) различий от номинативного подвида (P. m. mcleannani) не обнаружено — P. m. chocoanus стал синонимом P. m. mcleannani[5]. В виде выделяют 3 подвида:
Это заготовка статьи по орнитологии. Вы можете помочь проекту, дополнив её. Гла́зчатая муравья́нка (лат. Phaenostictus mcleannani) — вид воробьинообразных птиц из семейства полосатых муравьеловок (Thamnophilidae), выделяемый в монотипный род глазчатых муравьянок (Phaenostictus). Эта птица распространена в Колумбии, Коста-Рике, Эквадоре, Гондурасе, Никарагуа и Панаме. Длина тела — 19,5 см. Когда птицы спокойные они издают быстрый писклявый звук «пии-пии-пии-пии-пиипии-и-и-и-и-ир-ир», обычно снижая последние звуки, когда птицы потревожены они издают резкий «виррр» и громкий «чип-ип-ип».
