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Gryphaeidae

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Praeexogyra hebridica from the Frome Clay (Bathonian, Middle Jurassic) of Langton Herring, Dorset, England.
Liostrea strigilecula from the Carmel Formation (Middle Jurassic) of southwestern Utah.

The Gryphaeidae, common name the foam oysters or honeycomb oysters, are a family of marine bivalve mollusks. This family of bivalves is very well represented in the fossil record, however the number of living species is very few.

All species have shells cemented to a substrate. Shells are considered brittle, inequivalve, with the left, lower (cemented) valve convex and the right (upper, non-cemented) valve flat or slightly concave.[2]

Subfamilies

Genera and species within this family are divided into three subfamilies, Exogyrinae, Gryphaeinae and Pycnodonteinae. Both Exogyrinae and Gryphaeinae are completely extinct. Only two genera Hyotissa and Neopycnodonte in the subfamily Pycnodonteinae have extant species.[3][4][5]

Genera and species

Genera and species within the family Gryphaeidae include: Family Gryphaeidae Vialov, 1936 (some genera also known as Devil's toenails)

References

  1. ^ Michael Hautmann; David Ware; Hugo Bucher (2017). "Geologically oldest oysters were epizoans on Early Triassic ammonoids". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 83 (3): 253–260. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyx018.
  2. ^ Jocelyne Martin; Gérard Paulmier (3 February 2011). Les invertébrés marins du golfe de Gascogne à la Manche orientale. Editions Quae. p. 82. ISBN 978-2-7592-0107-5.
  3. ^ "Fossilworks: Gryphaeidae". The Paleobiology Database. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
  4. ^ "Hyotissa Stenzel, 1971". WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species. 2021. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  5. ^ Okamura, Kiyoshi; Yamagishi, Yutaka (1992). "Molluscan fauna from the Late Miocene Hatsuse Formation in the Miura Peninsula, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan" (PDF). Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan (165): 1009–1023. ISSN 0031-0204. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
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Gryphaeidae: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN
Praeexogyra hebridica from the Frome Clay (Bathonian, Middle Jurassic) of Langton Herring, Dorset, England. Liostrea strigilecula from the Carmel Formation (Middle Jurassic) of southwestern Utah.

The Gryphaeidae, common name the foam oysters or honeycomb oysters, are a family of marine bivalve mollusks. This family of bivalves is very well represented in the fossil record, however the number of living species is very few.

All species have shells cemented to a substrate. Shells are considered brittle, inequivalve, with the left, lower (cemented) valve convex and the right (upper, non-cemented) valve flat or slightly concave.

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Gryphaeidae ( French )

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Les Gryphaeidae sont une famille de mollusques bivalves de l'ordre des Ostreida, vivantes ou fossiles.

Fossiles

Une roche avec des incrustations en forme d'huîtres
« Calcaire à gryphées » (région lyonnaise).

Les Gryphaeidae, très abondantes dans certains dépôts du Lias, caractérisent le « Calcaire à gryphées », une roche lumachellique très utilisée dans certaines régions pour la construction et les dallages.

Systématique

La famille des Gryphaeidae a été décrite pour le géologue ukrainien Oleg Stepanovich Vyalov (23 janvier 1904 - 1er juin 1988) en 1936. Elle comporte de très nombreux groupes fossiles parfois très abondants dans certains calcaires, mais aussi une poignée de genres actuels.

Taxinomie

Selon World Register of Marine Species (9 janvier 2015)[2] :

Classification des taxons fossiles selon Paleobiology Database (9 janvier 2015)[3] :

  • Sous-famille †Exogyrinae Vialov, 1936
Genre †Aetostreon Bayle, 1878 (discuté)
Genre †Amphidonte Fischer von Waldheim, 1829
Genre †Costagyra Vialov, 1936
Genre †Exogyra Say, 1820
Genre †Fluctogyra Vialov, 1936
Genre †Gryphaeostrea Conrad, 1865
Genre †Gyrostrea Mirkamalov, 1963
Genre †Nanogyra Beurlen, 1958
Genre †Nutogyra Vialov, 1936
Genre †Planospirites Lamarck, 1801
Genre †Vultogryphaea Vialov, 1936
  • Sous-famille †Gryphaeinae Vialov, 1936
Genre †Africogryphaea Freneix, 1963
Genre †Deltoideum Rollier, 1917
Genre †Gryphaea Lamarck, 1801
Genre †Liostrea DouvillŽ, 1904
Genre †Pernostrea Munier-Chalmas, 1864
Genre †Praeexogyra Charles, 1952
  • Sous-famille Pycnodonteinae Stenzel, 1959
Genre †Gigantostrea (Sacco, 1897)
Genre Hyotissa Stenzel, 1971
Genre †Labrostrea Vialov, 1936
Genre Neopycnodonte Stenzel, 1971
Genre Pycnodonte (Fischer von Waldheim, 1835)
Genre †Parahyotissa Harry, 1985
Genre †Rhynchostreon'

Notes et références

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Gryphaeidae: Brief Summary ( French )

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Les Gryphaeidae sont une famille de mollusques bivalves de l'ordre des Ostreida, vivantes ou fossiles.

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Gryphaeidae ( Latin )

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Gryphaeidae (Anglice: foam oysters, honeycomb oysters) sunt familia marinorum molluscorum bivalvium, ad Ostreidas Pectinidasque cognata.

Taxinomia

Genera et species intra ac familiam in tres subfamilias digeruntur: Exogyrinas, Gryphaeinas, Pycnodonteinas. Exogyrinae Gryphaeinaeque omnino sunt exstinctae, et solum tribus Pycnodonteinarum generibus sunt species exstantes: Hyotissa, Neopycnodonte, et Pycnodonte.[1]

Familia Gryphaeidae Vialov, 1936

Notae

Wikispecies-logo.svg Vide "Gryphaeidas" apud Vicispecies. Bivalvia Haec stipula ad bivalve spectat. Amplifica, si potes!
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Gryphaeidae: Brief Summary ( Latin )

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Gryphaeidae (Anglice: foam oysters, honeycomb oysters) sunt familia marinorum molluscorum bivalvium, ad Ostreidas Pectinidasque cognata.

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Gryphaeidae ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De Gryphaeidae is een familie van tweekleppigen uit de orde Ostreoida.

Geslachten

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Gryphaeidae: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De Gryphaeidae is een familie van tweekleppigen uit de orde Ostreoida.

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Gryphaeidae ( Polish )

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Gryphaeidae – rodzina małży nitkoskrzelnych z rzędu Ostreoida blisko spokrewnionych z ostrygami (Ostreidae). Muszle silnie zróżnicowane, o długości do 280 mm. Kolisty w przekroju mięsień zwieracz jest położony w pobliżu listwy zamka[2]. Rodzina obejmuje nieliczne gatunki współcześnie żyjące oraz wiele wymarłych.

Gatunki współcześnie żyjące grupowane są w rodzajach[3]:

Przypisy

  1. Gryphaeidae, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. Zoologia : bezkręgowce. T. 1. Red. nauk. Czesław Błaszak. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2009, s. 546. ISBN 978-83-01-16108-8.
  3. Gofas, S.: Gryphaeidae (ang.). World Register of Marine Species, 2011. [dostęp 15 października 2011].
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Gryphaeidae: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Gryphaeidae – rodzina małży nitkoskrzelnych z rzędu Ostreoida blisko spokrewnionych z ostrygami (Ostreidae). Muszle silnie zróżnicowane, o długości do 280 mm. Kolisty w przekroju mięsień zwieracz jest położony w pobliżu listwy zamka. Rodzina obejmuje nieliczne gatunki współcześnie żyjące oraz wiele wymarłych.

Gatunki współcześnie żyjące grupowane są w rodzajach:

Empressostrea Gryphaea Hyotissa Neopycnodonte Parahyotissa Pycnodonte
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