Brief Summary
provided by Ecomare
Sea mat is a colony-forming polyp, which looks like a brown, rough crust covered in a shroud of white or pink down. That down is formed by the tentacles of the polyps. Sea mat grows on stones or ship wrecks, where there is plenty of flowing water. It is also often found on snail shells inhabited by hermit crabs.
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Asexual Reproduction
provided by Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliographic citation
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- author
- Costello, D.P.
- author
- C. Henley
Care of Adults
provided by Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliographic citation
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- author
- Costello, D.P.
- author
- C. Henley
Living Material
provided by Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliographic citation
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- author
- Costello, D.P.
- author
- C. Henley
Methods of Observation
provided by Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliographic citation
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- author
- Costello, D.P.
- author
- C. Henley
Sexual Reproduction
provided by Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species
Woods Hole, Maine
- bibliographic citation
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- author
- Costello, D.P.
- author
- C. Henley
Time Table of Development
provided by Egg Characteristics and Breeding Season for Woods Hole Species
Woods Hole, Maine
- Ballard, W. W., 1942. The mechanism for synchronous spawning in Hydractinia and Pennaria. Biol. Bull., 82: 329-339.
- Beckwith, C. J., 1914. The genesis of the plasma-structure in the egg of Hydractinia echinata. J. Morph., 25: 189-251.
- Berrill, N. J., 1953. Growth and form in gymnoblastic hydroids. Vi. Polymorphism within the Hydractiniidae. J. Morph., 92: 241-272.
- Bunting, M., 1894. The origin of the sex cells in Hydractinia and Podocoryne; and the development of Hydractinia. J. Morph., 9: 203-236.
- Goette, A., 1916. Die Gattungen Podocoryne, Stylactis und Hydractinia. Zool. Jahr. abt. Syst., Geog., Okol. Tiere, 39: 443-510.
- Teissier, L., and G. Teissier, 1927. Les principales étapes du développement d Hydractinia echinata (Flem.). Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 52: 537-547.
- bibliographic citation
- Costello, D.P. and C. Henley (1971). Methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (Second Edition)
- author
- Costello, D.P.
- author
- C. Henley
Hydractinia echinata
provided by wikipedia EN
Hydractinia echinata is a colonial marine hydroid which is often found growing on dead, hermit-crabbed shells of marine gastropod species. This hydroid species is also commonly known as snail fur, a name which refers to the furry appearance that the hydroids give to a shell.
In the northwestern Atlantic, these hydroids are especially common on the outside of shells that are occupied by the flat-clawed hermit crab.
Description
Hydractinia echinata on a shell of a Common Whelk (
Buccinum undatum)
Hydractinia echinata forms pinkish-brown (when alive) or plain brown (when dead) patches on gastropod shells that are occupied by a hermit crab, often near the aperture of the shell.[2]
The horny mat or hydrorhiza is about three millimetres thick. It consists of thick jagged spines that reach three millimetres in height. Amongst these there are three types of polyps. The club- like feeding polyps grow up to thirteen millimetres in length, and have two rows of eight tentacles, the lower set being shorter than the upper ones. There are also male and female reproductive polyps (gonozoids) that have a few short terminal tentacles. Scattered among these are specialized defensive stinging polyps (dactylozooids) that are long, coiled threads. The gonozoids liberate crawling planula larvae that search out moving gastropod shells[3]
Distribution
H. echinata is found on all sides of the northern Atlantic Ocean, including the Arctic Ocean, the Saint-Lawrence Gulf, the Baltic Sea and the North Sea south to northwest Africa, as well as the Western Atlantic including the Gulf of Mexico.[4] It is common around the coasts of Britain and Ireland, and there it is found where hermit crabs (Eupagurus bernhardus) occur, on the lower shore on sandy substrates.[2]
References
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Hydractinia echinata: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Hydractinia echinata is a colonial marine hydroid which is often found growing on dead, hermit-crabbed shells of marine gastropod species. This hydroid species is also commonly known as snail fur, a name which refers to the furry appearance that the hydroids give to a shell.
In the northwestern Atlantic, these hydroids are especially common on the outside of shells that are occupied by the flat-clawed hermit crab.
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Biology
provided by World Register of Marine Species
colonial
van der Land, J. (ed). (2008). UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO).
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Distribution
provided by World Register of Marine Species
Northeastern Atlantic from the Arctic Seas south to NW Africa Includes also the North Sea and parts of the Baltic Sea. Hydractinia echinata has also been recorded in the Mediterranean a few times. However, these records give no figures and no voucher material is known. Goette (1916) thinks that Lo Bianco's H. echinata from Naples were in fact H. inermis [more likely H. fucicola, as Goette misidentified his H. fucicola as H. inermis]. Therefore, there remain some doubts on the correct identification and the presence of H. echinata in the Mediterranean needs confirmation. The species has also been recorded from the western Atlantic, but these records refer to other species as has been shown by Buss & Yund (1989). Type locality: British Isles.
Couvreur, T.L.P. (2008) Revealing the Secrets of African Annonaceae. Systematics, Evolution and Biogeography of the Syncarpous Genera Isolona and Monadora Nationaal Herbarium Nederland Pages 220 - 224 (Includes a picture).
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