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Diagnostic Description

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Longest spine on the front gill cover reaches backwards to a point below the foremost part of the dorsal fin. Gill membranes joined to the throat, no bony knobs above or under the rough lateral line (Ref. 35388).
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Arlene G. Sampang-Reyes
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Trophic Strategy

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Inhabits tidepools and inshore waters on rocky bottoms or among algae at 0-30 m. Can leave tidepools when conditions become inhospitable (Ref. 31184). Carnivorous, preys voraciously on moving animals which are swallowed whole (Ref. 46230). Feeds on mysids, amphipods (gammarids), decapods, polychaetes, mollusks, ophiuroids and fishes. Short-lived species (Ref. 46230).
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Pascualita Sa-a
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Biology

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A resident intertidal species with homing behavior (Ref. 32612). Inhabits tide pools and inshore waters on rocky bottoms or among algae at 0-30 m. Can leave tide pools when conditions become inhospitable (Ref. 31184). Feeds on mysids, amphipods (gammarids), decapods, polychaetes, mollusks, ophiuroids and fishes. Breathes air when out of water (Ref. 31184). Information on maximum length for male taken from Ref. 4698.
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Rainer Froese
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Importance

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fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: public aquariums
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Sgorpion Môr ( Welsh )

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Pysgodyn sy'n byw yn y môr ac sy'n perthyn i deulu'r Cottidae ydy'r Sgorpion Môr sy'n enw gwrywaidd; lluosog: sgorpioniaid môr (Lladin: Taurulus bubalis; Saesneg: Taurulus bubalis).

Mae ei diriogaeth yn cynnwys Ewrop ac mae i'w ganfod ym Môr y Gogledd ac arfordir Cymru. Ar restr yr Undeb Rhyngwladol dros Gadwraeth Natur (UICN), caiff y rhywogaeth hon ei rhoi yn y dosbarth 'Heb ei gwerthuso' o ran niferoedd, bygythiad a chadwraeth gan nad oes data digonol.[1]

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gwefan www.marinespecies.org; adalwyd 4 Mai 2014
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Sgorpion Môr: Brief Summary ( Welsh )

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Pysgodyn sy'n byw yn y môr ac sy'n perthyn i deulu'r Cottidae ydy'r Sgorpion Môr sy'n enw gwrywaidd; lluosog: sgorpioniaid môr (Lladin: Taurulus bubalis; Saesneg: Taurulus bubalis).

Mae ei diriogaeth yn cynnwys Ewrop ac mae i'w ganfod ym Môr y Gogledd ac arfordir Cymru. Ar restr yr Undeb Rhyngwladol dros Gadwraeth Natur (UICN), caiff y rhywogaeth hon ei rhoi yn y dosbarth 'Heb ei gwerthuso' o ran niferoedd, bygythiad a chadwraeth gan nad oes data digonol.

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Langstacheliger Seeskorpion ( German )

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Langstacheliger Seeskorpion (Taurulus bubalis), Kopfansicht

Der Langstachelige Seeskorpion (Taurulus bubalis), auch bekannt als Seebull, ist eine im europäischen Nordatlantik lebende Fischart aus der Familie der Dickkopf-Groppen (Psychrolutidae). Sein Verbreitungsgebiet reicht von Island bis zur Biskaya und er kommt auch in der Nord- und Ostsee vor.

Merkmale

Der Langstachelige Seeskorpion besitzt einen gestreckten, keulenförmigen und hochrückigen Körper mit großem und gepanzertem Kopf. Er erreicht eine maximale Körperlänge von 12 Zentimetern bei den Männchen und 25 Zentimetern bei den Weibchen. Der Kopf besitzt ein großes, sehr breites und endständiges Maul. Er ist wie bei verwandten Arten gepanzert, während sich an den Vorderkiemendeckeln jeweils ein langer und mehrere kleinere Stacheln befinden. Der Rücken und die Flanken sind braun mit unregelmäßigen Flecken, die dunkelbraun, grünlich oder rötlich sein können. Der Bauch ist weiß.[1]

Die Brustflossen sind groß und flächig ausgebildet. Die Bauchflossen sind brustständig und die Rückenflosse ist deutlich zweiteilig. Die vordere Rückenflosse besteht aus 7 bis 10 Hartstrahlen, die zweite aus 10 bis 14 Weichstrahlen. Die Afterflosse besitzt 8 bis 10 Weichstrahlen und die Brustflosse 14 bis 16 Weichstrahlen.[1]

Verbreitung

Das Verbreitungsgebiet des Langstacheligen Seeskorpions reicht von Island über die britischen Inseln und die skandinavische Küste bis zur Biskaya und er kommt auch in der Nord- und Ostsee vor.[1][2]

Lebensweise

Der Fisch lebt vor allem auf Seegraswiesen und algenbewachsenen Felsen im Flachwasser bis zu einer maximalen Tiefe von 30 Metern, wobei er auch in Gezeitentümpeln angetroffen wird. Er ernährt sich vor allem von kleinen Fischen, Krebstieren und anderen Wirbellosen.[1][2]

Die Laichzeit fällt in den Februar bis Mai am Meeresgrund. Die etwa 1,5 bis 1,8 Millimeter großen, gelblichen Eier werden in Klumpen zwischen Algen und in Felsspalten abgelegt, wobei das Männchen bis zum Schlupf die Eier bewacht und damit aktive Brutpflege betreibt. Nach ca. 6 Wochen schlüpfen die 5 bis 6 Millimeter langen Larven. Die Larven sind pelagisch, die Fische werden nach etwa 2 Jahren geschlechtsreif.[1][2]

Belege

  1. a b c d e Andreas Vilcinskas: Fische – Mitteleuropäische Süßwasserarten und Meeresfische der Nord- und Ostsee. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München 2000; S. 162. ISBN 3-405-15848-6.
  2. a b c Langstacheliger Seeskorpion auf Fishbase.org (englisch)

Literatur

Weblinks

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Langstacheliger Seeskorpion: Brief Summary ( German )

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 src= Langstacheliger Seeskorpion (Taurulus bubalis), Kopfansicht

Der Langstachelige Seeskorpion (Taurulus bubalis), auch bekannt als Seebull, ist eine im europäischen Nordatlantik lebende Fischart aus der Familie der Dickkopf-Groppen (Psychrolutidae). Sein Verbreitungsgebiet reicht von Island bis zur Biskaya und er kommt auch in der Nord- und Ostsee vor.

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Taurulus bubalis ( Scots )

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Taurulus bubalis, kent as the euko, souter, or kemper, is a coastal fish o the faimily Cottidae, inhabitin marine watters o Europe.

References

  1. NatureServe (2016). "Taurulus bubalis". IUCN Reid Leet o Threatened Species. Version 2016.3. Internaitional Union for Conservation o Naitur. Retrieved 3 April 2017.
  2. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) 2014. Taurulus bubalis. In: IUCN 2015. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2. http://www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 22 July 2015.
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Taurulus bubalis: Brief Summary ( Scots )

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Taurulus bubalis, kent as the euko, souter, or kemper, is a coastal fish o the faimily Cottidae, inhabitin marine watters o Europe.

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Longspined bullhead

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The long-spined bullhead (Taurulus bubalis), also known as the long-spined sea-scorpion, and the long-spined scorpion fish is a coastal fish of the sculpin family Cottidae, inhabiting marine waters of Europe.

Taxonomy

The longspined bullhead was first formally described as Cottus bubalis in 1786 by the Swedish biologist Bengt Anders Euphrasén with its type locality given as Bohuslän in Sweden.[4] In 1907 the Russian ichthyologist Valerii Ivanovich Gratzianov classified this species in the monospecific subgenus Taurulus of the genus Myoxocephalus, Taurulus is now recognised as a valid genus.[5] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies this genus in the subfamily Cottinae of the family Cottidae[6] but other authorities classify it in the subfamily Myoxocephalinae of the family Psychrolutidae.[4]

Description

The longspined bullhead is a small fish with a thick, tapering body and a large head and resembles the shorthorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius). It has two spines on each side on the gill cover, the front one extending further than the rear one. The skin is not clad in scales. There is a row of bony tubercles running along the flank on the lateral line and there are backward sloping bony tubercles on the crown of the head. It has a variety of colours ranging from shades of brown or olive green, with cream blotches and four dark, vertical bands. The belly is pale bluish-green but becomes suffused with red in males in the breeding season.[7]

Behaviour

Bullhead are predators that will eat prawns, molluscs and small fish such as gobies and blennies. Despite their small size they are aggressive and will attack fish bigger than themselves. They lie in wait for prey, camouflaged against rocks and weed before striking out at anything that passes. Like all fish in the family Cottidae, the bullhead does not have a swim bladder, meaning that it sinks as soon as it stops swimming. Breeding takes place in early spring and fertilisation is internal, the eggs are laid in algae and are guarded by the adults. Once the fry hatch, they go offshore for a while, before returning to the coast. The reproduction of this species has not been fully studied however. They can be found from tidal areas to 30 m (1,200 in) down, though they are most common at the coast.[7][8]

Other names

Other English names for this species include sea scorpion, bullhead, rockfish, rock sculpin, scorpion fish, clobberhead.

References

  1. ^ Lorance, P.; Cook, R.; Herrera, J.; de Sola, L.; Papaconstantinou, C.; Florin, A.; Keskin, Ç. (2014). "Taurulus bubalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T198741A45077961. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T198741A45077961.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) 2014. Taurulus bubalis. In: IUCN 2015. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2. http://www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 22 July 2015.
  3. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2022). "Taurulus bubalis" in FishBase. August 2022 version.
  4. ^ a b Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Taurulus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  5. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Myoxocephalinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  6. ^ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  7. ^ a b "Longspined bullhead: Taurulus bubalis". NatureGate. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
  8. ^ The Pocket Guide to Saltwater Fishes of Britain and Europe
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Longspined bullhead: Brief Summary

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The long-spined bullhead (Taurulus bubalis), also known as the long-spined sea-scorpion, and the long-spined scorpion fish is a coastal fish of the sculpin family Cottidae, inhabiting marine waters of Europe.

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Taurulus bubalis ( Spanish; Castilian )

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El cabrachito[3]​ (Taurulus bubalis),[4]​ también llamado cabracho espinoso, es una especie de pez actinopeterigio marino,[5]​ la única del género monotípico Taurulus de la familia de los cótidos.[6]

Morfología

Con la coloración y forma del cuerpo crípticos típicos del orden, la longitud máxima descrita es de 17,5 cm los machos y 25 cm las hembras, aunque la longitud máxima común es de 12,0 cm.[7]​ La espina más larga de la cubierta frontal de las branquias alcanza hacia atrás hacia un punto por debajo de la parte delantera de la aleta dorsal; las membranas de las branquias se encuentran unidas a la garganta, sin protuberancias óseas por encima ni por debajo de la áspera línea lateral.[8]

Biología

Se alimenta de mísidos, anfípodos, decápodos, poliquetos, moluscos, ophiuroideos y peces. Respira el aire cuando está fuera del agua.[9]

Distribución y hábitat

Se distribuye por el océano Atlántico: Islandia, las islas Shetland, desde Múrmansk hacia el sur hasta el sur de España, también en el mar Báltico hacia el norte hasta el golfo de Finlandia, el mar del Norte y las costas del norte del mar Mediterráneo hacia el este hasta el golfo de Génova.[5]

Son peces marinos de agua templada, a veces en aguas salobres, de demersal y no migradores, que prefieren un rango de profundidad desde la superficie hasta los 200 m.[10]​ Una especie residente en su área, habita charcas de marea y aguas costeras sobre fondos rocosos o entre algas, aunque puede abandonar estas charcas cuando las condiciones se vuelven inhóspitas, respirando aire en su desplazamiento por tierra.[9]

Referencias

  1. Lorance, P., Cook, R., Herrera, J., de Sola, L., Papaconstantinou, C., Florin, A. y Keskin, Ç. (2014). «Taurulus bubalis». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2016-3 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 21 de marzo de 2017.
  2. Euphrasen, B.A., 1786. «Beskrifning på tvenne svenska fiskar». Kongliga Vetenskaps Akademiens nya Handlingar, Stockholm v. 7:64-67, Pl.3.
  3. Crespo, J., J. Gajate y R. Ponce, 2001. «Clasificación científica e identificación de nombres vernáculos existentes en la base de datos de seguimiento informático de recursos naturales oceánicos». Instituto Español de Oceanografia, Madrid, España. 414 p.
  4. "Taurulus bubalis". En FishBase (Rainer Froese y Daniel Pauly, eds.). Consultada en marzo de 2017. N.p.: FishBase, 2017.
  5. a b Fedorov, V.V., 1986. «Cottidae». p. 1243-1260. En P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen y E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, París. Vol. 3.
  6. "Cottidae". En FishBase (Rainer Froese y Daniel Pauly, eds.). Consultada en marzo de 2017. N.p.: FishBase, 2017.
  7. Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. «Poissons osseux». p. 891-1421. En W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot y M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Roma.
  8. Muus, B.J. y J.G. Nielsen, 1999. «Sea fish». Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Dinamarca. 340 p.
  9. a b Martin, K.L.M. y C.R. Bridges, 1999. «Respiration in water and air». p. 54-78. En M.H. Horn, K.L.M. Martin y M.A. Chotkowski (eds.) Intertidal fishes. Life in two worlds. Academic Press. 399 p.
  10. Parin, N.V., V.V. Fedorov y B.A. Sheiko, 2002. «An annotated catalogue of fish-like vertebrates and fishes of the seas of Russia and adjacent countries: Part 2. Order Scorpaeniformes». J. Ichthyol. 42(Suppl.1):S60-S135.

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Taurulus bubalis: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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El cabrachito​ (Taurulus bubalis),​ también llamado cabracho espinoso, es una especie de pez actinopeterigio marino,​ la única del género monotípico Taurulus de la familia de los cótidos.​

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Meripühvel ( Estonian )

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Meripühvel (Taurulus bubalis, ka Cottus bubalis) on võldaslaste sugukonda kuuluv kala, meripühvli perekonna (Taurulus) ainus liik.

Meripühvlit leidub ka Eesti rannikuvetes, eriti Soome lahe lääneosas.

Iseloomustus

Meripühvel meenutab mõneti nolgust, kellest ta on küll tublisti väiksem. Kala kuklaosas turritavad välja ogapaarid. Silma ümbritseb lihaseline volt. Küljejoonest ulatuvad välja väikesed ogad. Kala värvus varieerub pruunikatest toonidest punasteni. Kala pikkus on umbes 17,5 cm.[1]

Viited

  1. Miller, P. J & Loates, M. J. 2006. Euroopa kalad (tõlkinud Tiit Raid). Eesti Entsüklopeediakirjastus, lk 164

Välislingid

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Meripühvel: Brief Summary ( Estonian )

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Meripühvel (Taurulus bubalis, ka Cottus bubalis) on võldaslaste sugukonda kuuluv kala, meripühvli perekonna (Taurulus) ainus liik.

Meripühvlit leidub ka Eesti rannikuvetes, eriti Soome lahe lääneosas.

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Krabarroka arantzaluze ( Basque )

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Krabarroka arantzaluzea (Taurulus bubalis) Cottidae familiako arraina da, iparraldeko Ozeano Atlantikoan bizi dena.[1] Helduek 20 cm. arteko luzera dute.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. Hanson, J.M.; M. Lanteigne (2000) «Evaluation of atlantic cod predation on American lobster in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, with comments on other potential fish predators» Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 129 (1): 13-29.
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Krabarroka arantzaluze: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Krabarroka arantzaluzea (Taurulus bubalis) Cottidae familiako arraina da, iparraldeko Ozeano Atlantikoan bizi dena. Helduek 20 cm. arteko luzera dute.

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Chabot de mer ( French )

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Taurulus bubalis

Le chabot de mer (Taurulus bubalis) est l'une des rares espèces de poissons de la famille des cottidés à vivre en eaux salées. C'est la seule espèce du genre Taurulus.

Répartition et habitat

Le chabot de mer est présent dans l'est de l'océan Atlantique, de l'Islande au Portugal. Il vit dans la zone intertidale avec un comportement sédentaire. On le trouve souvent dans les flaques laissées par la marée dans les zones de pierres ou d'algues.

Description

Il est facilement reconnaissable aux plaques osseuses qui lui couvrent le corps, particulièrement en arrière de la tête. La tête est souvent colorée de bleu, aussi bien à l'extérieur qu'à l'intérieur de la bouche. Il est capable, comme la blennie de respirer l'air lorsqu'il est hors de l'eau. Cette faculté lui permet de résister à l'émersion ou de changer de flaque lorsque les conditions deviennent inhospitalières. Il dépasse rarement la taille de 20 cm ; il fait couramment une douzaine de centimètres.

Alimentation

Prédateur, il se nourrit de petits crustacés, de mollusques, de vers polychètes, d'ophiures et même de petits poissons.

Reproduction

Synonymes

Ce taxon admet plusieurs synonymes :

  • Cottus bubalis Euphrasen, 1786 - protonyme
  • Acanthocottus bubalis (Euphrasen, 1786)
  • Aspicottus bubalis (Euphrasen, 1786)

Références taxonomiques

Genre Taurulus

Espèce Taurulus bubalis

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Chabot de mer: Brief Summary ( French )

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Taurulus bubalis

Le chabot de mer (Taurulus bubalis) est l'une des rares espèces de poissons de la famille des cottidés à vivre en eaux salées. C'est la seule espèce du genre Taurulus.

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Taurulus bubalis ( Italian )

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Long Spined Scorpion Fish.jpg

Lo scazzone marino (Taurulus bubalis (Euphrasen, 1786)) è un pesce osseo marino appartenente alla famiglia Cottidae. È l'unica specie del genere Taurulus Gratzianov, 1907.

Descrizione

Questo pesce è relativamente simile agli scorfani mediterranei per la testa grande e ricoperta di spine e creste, è però riconoscibile a colpo d'occhio per la presenza di due pinne dorsali e per la lunga spina nella parte superiore del preopercolo. Occhi ovali, di dimensioni maggiori negli esemplari femminili. Le pinne pettorali sono ampie, quasi quanto quelle delle gallinelle; le pinne ventrali sono costituite da tre raggi, sono più lunghe nei maschi. Pinna caudale arrotondata. La parte posteriore della mascella porta un corto barbiglio. scaglie assenti. La linea laterale è dritta, con una serie di placchette spinose.[1][2][3][4].

La colorazione è molto variabile, di solito su fondo grigio o bruno sono presenti fasce o macchiette più scure. Alcuni esemplari possono però essere di color rosso vivo o giallo oro. La livrea nuziale è caratterizzata dal colore del ventre: giallo nei maschi e azzurro verdastro per le femmine[1].

La misura massima è di 17,5 cm per i maschi e di 20 cm per le femmine. Normalmente entrambi non superano i 12 cm[5].

Biologia

Si tratta di una specie territoriale. È in grado di respirare ossigeno atmosferico[5].

Riproduzione

Avviene nei mesi primaverili. Le uova vengono deposte nelle fessure delle rocce e sono di colore arancio.[2].

Alimentazione

È carnivoro, si nutre di crostacei (anfipodi, misidacei e decapodi), policheti, molluschi, ofiure e piccoli pesci[5].

Distribuzione e habitat

Si tratta di una specie a distribuzione nordica presente nell'Oceano Atlantico orientale dall'Islanda e il mar Bianco a nord e fino al Portogallo a sud[5]. Alcuni esemplari sono stati catturati nel mar Mediterraneo occidentale, dove è considerato rarissimo[2].

È un pesce strettamente costiero che di solito vive nella zona intertidale spesso in pozze di marea ma può scendere occasionalmente fino a 20 m di profondità su fondi duri ricchi di alghe[5].

Pesca

Questa specie non ha alcun valore commerciale. Viene comunque catturata con le reti da posta ed altri attrezzi per la pesca costiera[4].

Pericoli per l'uomo

Sembra che durante la primavera le spine della testa diventino velenifere[1].

Note

  1. ^ a b c * Patrick Louisy, Guida all'identificazione dei pesci marini d'Europa e del Mediterraneo, a cura di Trainito, Egidio, Milano, Il Castello, 2006, ISBN 888039472X.
  2. ^ a b c * Enrico Tortonese, Osteichthyes, Bologna, Calderini, 1975.
  3. ^ *Lythgoe J. e G Il libro completo dei pesci dei mari europei, Mursia, 1971
  4. ^ a b * Francesco Costa, Atlante dei pesci dei mari italiani, Milano, Mursia, ISBN 8842510033.
  5. ^ a b c d e FishBase.

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Taurulus bubalis: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Lo scazzone marino (Taurulus bubalis (Euphrasen, 1786)) è un pesce osseo marino appartenente alla famiglia Cottidae. È l'unica specie del genere Taurulus Gratzianov, 1907.

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Taurulus bubalis ( Portuguese )

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Taurulus bubalis é uma espécie de peixe pertencente à família Cottidae.

A autoridade científica da espécie é Euphrasen, tendo sido descrita no ano de 1786.

Portugal

Encontra-se presente em Portugal, onde é uma espécie nativa.

O seu nome comum é escorpião-roco.

Descrição

Trata-se de uma espécie de água salobra e marinha. Atinge os 17 cm de comprimento total nos indivíduos do sexo feminino.

Referências

  • Taurulus bubalis - Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2014. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, (11/2014)

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Taurulus bubalis: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

provided by wikipedia PT

Taurulus bubalis é uma espécie de peixe pertencente à família Cottidae.

A autoridade científica da espécie é Euphrasen, tendo sido descrita no ano de 1786.

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