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Diagnostic Description

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Identified by the dark vertical bar below the eye. Usually with 5 dark bars when adult and belly of female turns red. Juveniles with black anal fin and two large ocelli, thinly edged with white, in dorsal fin (Ref. 48636). First two dorsal spines form a separate fin. Juveniles this fin forms a long, bannerlike filament but shortens with age (Ref. 37816).
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Recorder
Rodolfo B. Reyes
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Life Cycle

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Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
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Susan M. Luna
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Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 12 - 13; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 12 - 13
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Rodolfo B. Reyes
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Trophic Strategy

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Species usually solitary in lagoon and seaward reef areas with fine to loose, coarse sand bottoms (Ref. 1602). Juveniles sometimes in shallow estuaries (Ref. 48636). Adults rare in less than 20 m (Ref. 9710). Dive into the sand when threatened. Feed on hard-shelled invertebrates, including mollusks and crustaceans (Ref. 9311). Mobile-invertebrate feeder (Ref. 57615). Juveniles mimic drifting dead leaves by holding the elongate detached front part of dorsal fin forward over head.
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Armi G. Torres
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Biology

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Usually solitary in lagoon and seaward reef areas with fine to loose, coarse sand bottoms (Ref. 1602). Juveniles sometimes in shallow estuaries (Ref. 48636). Adults rare in less than 20 m (Ref. 9710). Benthic and benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Dives into sand to sleep safely at night or to hide when alarmed (Ref. 9311, 90102). Feed on hard-shelled invertebrates, including mollusks and crustaceans (Ref. 9311). Juveniles mimic drifting dead leaves by holding the elongate detached front part of dorsal fin forward over head. Good to eat, flesh very white (Ref. 7364). Minimum depth reported from Ref. 27115.
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Estelita Emily Capuli
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Importance

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fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: commercial
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Estelita Emily Capuli
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分布

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廣泛分布於印度-泛太平洋區。台灣東部、東北部、南部、西南部海域及離島之澎湖、小琉球均有記錄。
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臺灣魚類資料庫
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利用

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中小型之隆頭魚,體色多彩多姿,是較適合水族觀賞的魚類。亦可食用,味道鮮美,適合煎食,海鮮店常可品嘗到。
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描述

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體極側扁;背緣銳脊狀,高陡隆起;頭部眼上方圓,往下至吻部幾垂直。吻鈍;口中大,前位,略可向前伸出;上下頜各具錐形牙一行,前端各具彎形犬齒各一對。前鰓蓋邊緣具鋸齒。體被中大圓鱗;頰部被鱗片,但僅眼後至眼下方處具 1或 2列鱗片,鰓蓋背面具 1或 2列鱗片。D. IX, 12-13;A. III, 12-13;P. 12;L.l. 20-22+5-6;G.R. 7-8+12-13;背鰭第II棘與第III棘分離,背鰭起點在眼後上方,延長且具彈性;尾鰭小而為圓形。幼魚體呈黃褐色;體側鱗片各具小黑點;眼部具放射紋;各鰭暗色,背鰭具大小各一之眼斑;臀鰭第1-2軟條上方之體側或有另一眼斑。成魚體灰白色;體側中部有黃白色斑塊,體側另有3條暗色寬帶,尾鰭基部或另具一暗色帶;頭部於前端、眼下及鰓蓋均具暗色寬斑紋;側線上方與背鰭第VI棘基部間具一鑲藍色邊之黑斑,雄成魚則另於臀鰭第1-2軟條上方之體側會再度出現第二個鑲藍色邊之黑斑。
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棲地

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主要棲息於珊瑚礁區或雜有暗礁的石礫質、砂泥海底。游泳能力弱,運動緩慢;以捕食甲殼類、魚及烏賊為生。當受到驚嚇時,立即鑽到砂泥底躲藏。稚魚頭頂高聳的二背棘,會往頭前延伸,將自己偽裝成漂浮的落葉。
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Iniistius pavo

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Iniistius pavo, the peacock wrasse or blue razorfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish from the family Labridae, the wrasses, which has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.

Description

Iniistius pavo can be identified by the dark vertical bar situated below the eye.[2] This species has a small dark spot below the forward portion of the dorsal fin, a white patch behind the side behind the pectoral fin, and an oblique brown bar underneath the eye.[3] It normally shows 5 dark bars when adult when the belly of female turns red. Juveniles have a black anal fin and two large eyespots which have narrow white margins in their dorsal fin. The first two spines in the dorsal fin form a separate fin. [2] It has a highly compressed body and a steep, sharp-edged forehead, like other members of the genus Iniistius.[3] In juveniles this separate fin formed by the first two spines takes the form of a long, bannerlike filament but as the fish ages this shortens. The colour of the juveniles varies from whitish with dark bars on the body, to an overall brown colour. The small juveniles drift in the water mimicking leaves and debris.[3] This fish may attain a total length of 42 centimetres (17 in).[2]

Distribution

Iniistius pavo has an Indo-Pacific distribution which extends from the Red Sea and the east African coast as far south as KwaZulu-Natal eastwards to the Society Islands, north to southern Japan and Hawaii and south to New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island and New South Wales.. It also occurs in the Eastern Pacific from the Gulf of California to Panama and the Galapagos Islands.[1]

Habitat and biology

Iniistius pavo is normally found as a solitary, benthic and benthopelagic species in lagoon and seaward reef areas where the substrate consists of fine to loose, coarse sand. The juveniles are sometimes recorded in shallow estuaries. The adults are rare in water which is less than 20 metres (66 ft). The species dives into the sand to sleep securely at night and also will go this to hide when threatened, using the sharp edge to the snout to speedily bury itself.. It feeds on hard-shelled invertebrates, such as molluscs and crustaceans. The juveniles use the elongated, detached front portion of their dorsal fin to impersonate drifting dead leaves.[2][1]

Species description and taxonomy

Iniistius pavo was formally described as Xyrichtys pavo in 1840 with the type locality given as Mauritius.[4] When Theodore Nicholas Gill erected the genus Iniistius he named this species as the type species.[5]

Human usage

Iniistius pavo is not a commercially exploited quarry species, its flesh is said to be highly palatable[2] and when large enough fish are caught they may be marketed. It is occasionally collected for the aquarium trade.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Russell, B. (2010). "Iniistius pavo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T187705A8606763. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T187705A8606763.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Iniistius pavo" in FishBase. August 2019 version.
  3. ^ a b c Bray, D.J. (2017). "Iniistius pavo". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  4. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Xyrichtys pavo". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  5. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Iniistius". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 12 January 2020.

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Iniistius pavo: Brief Summary

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Iniistius pavo, the peacock wrasse or blue razorfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish from the family Labridae, the wrasses, which has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.

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