NO NAME!

Slo.: alpska golobica? - Habitat: upland grassland above tree-line, with dwarf Salix sp. species, on a mountain ridge, slightly north inclined slope, full sun, fully exposed to precipitations, a windy place, precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 1 - 3 deg C, elevation 2.100 m (6.900 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: soil. - Comments: Determination not certain. Spore dimensions: 8,5 (SD=0.8) x 6,7 (SD=0.5) micr., Q= 1.26 (SD=0.08), n=33. Motic B2-211A, magnification 400 x, in water. Could also be Russula norvegica (var. with red pileus). Pileus had a diameter of about 4-5 cm (2 inch), which is a little bit too large, both for R. nana ad well as for R.norvegica. Mycorrhiza possibly with dwarf willows (Salix herbacea, Salix retusa, Salix serpillifolia), Dryas octopetala, Bistrota vivipara? Found well above tree line. - Ref.: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Gregor Podgornik, NAC (Natural History Center), Tolmin, Slovenia EC. (2) http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/willow/Gallery/Mycology/gallery_mycology.htm .(3) http://www.floraislands.is/cappic.htm (4) http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/1132142%20R.%20nana . (5) http://www.mtsn.tn.it/russulales-news/in_ecology.asp

Tentative i.d.

Slo.: etinasti luknjiar - syn.: Polyporus lepideus Fr. - Habitat: Young riparian forest, Picea abies and Salix eleagnos dominant trees, next to a river; flat terrain occasionally flooded during high water levels of the river, calcareous, young alluvial ground; in shade, humid ground and air; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 530 m (1.740 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen trunk of an old Salix eleagnos mostly not in direct contact with ground, still in bark, moss covered, in the late disintegration phase.Comments: According to its species name Polyporus ciliatus should have distinctly fringed edge of the pileus. However, this was barely so with this find. Apparently this trait is not very reliable. However, very small pores, barely seen by naked eye (6 pores/mm measured) and appearance in spring clearly distinct it from very similar Polyporus brumalis.About 50 pilei found on two places. Growing solitary and in groups, occasionally two fruitbodies confluent at the base of the stipe; pilei diameter from 35 to 70 mm, pore layer thin, up to 3 mm; stipe 3 - 5 cm long, 4 - 6 mm in diameter, equal and somewhat thicker at the base; pilei surprisingly sturdy, quite hard to cut and chew; smell mild, pleasant, mushroomy; taste distinct, mushroomy, somewhat unpleasant; SP abundant, whitish-light beige, oac851.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 5,4 [6 ; 6,2] 6,8 x 1,8 [2,1 ; 2,2] 2,5 microns; Q = 2,4 [2,8 ; 2,9] 3,3; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 6,1 x 2,1 microns; Qe = 2,9. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) L. Ryvarden, I. Melo, Poroid fungi of Europe, Synopsis Fungorum 31., Fungiflora (2014), p 357. (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 326. (3) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceaes l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 460. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 510. (5) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 609.

Slo.: rjasti pluta - syn.: Phellinus ferruginosus, Polyporus ferruginosus - Habitat: Trees overgrown former grassland; dominant species Ailanthus altissima, Fraxinus ornus, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Juglans regia, Tilia sp., Prunus domestica; next to an abandoned farmhouse; flat terrain, calcareous ground; full shade, quite humid and relatively warm place, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitation ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 590 m (1.950 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: vertical surface of dead, still standing trunk of Juglans regia partly still in bark. - Comments: Fungus growing on either side of partly peeling off bark of the tree, as well as on already decorticated surface of the trunk (less intensive); fungus was spreading on almost 2 m (7 feet) of the trunk height and in some places all around it. Trunk diameter about 50-60 cm; trama corky; smell indistinctive on rooting wood or earth; 5% KOH reaction on pore and sterile surfaces black; SP very faint, possibly whitish ? - Spores smooth. Dimensions: 5.5 (SD = 0.2) x 3.5 (SD = 0.2) , Q = 1.56 (SD = 0.08), n = 30. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil. Hymenial setae dimensions 43 (SD = 6.4) x 7.8 (SD = 0.7) , n = 29; generative hypha diameter 2.4 (SD = 0.2) , n = 6; skeletal hyphae diameter: 3.6 (SD = 0.6) , n = 6; setal hypha diameter 8.6 (SD = 0.7) , n = 6; NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x, in water, congo red. AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Picture captions: _1M Spores. _2M Spores' statistics and comparison with data from literature. _3M Mostly subulate hymenial setae. _4M Probably a piece of setal hypha. _5M Hyphal system (as far as my understanding allows). Green arrow - generative hypha, violet arrow - skeletal hypha and red arrow - a fraction of setal hyphae. _6M Pore transversal cross-section with abundant hymenial setae projecting well above hymenium. _7M Hymenial setae length statistic and comparison with data from literature. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, part 2., Synopsis Fungorum 7., Fungiflora A/S (1994), p 486. (2) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 407. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 5., Ulmer (2000), p 451. (4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p258. (5) Lowe, J.L. 1966. Polyporaceae of North America. The genus Poria. State University College of Forestry at Syracuse University. 90:1-183, available at www.mycobank.org.

Slo.: smolena poloenka - Habitat: Alpine pasture; moderately incline mountain slope; southeast aspect; calcareous, stony, colluvial ground; shallow soil layer; full sun, dry and relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 625 m (2.050 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: at the base of dead stump of a stand alone, cut down, mostly decorticated Ostrya carpinifolia.Comments: According to keys of genus Ganoderma published in Ryvarden (2014) and Bernicchia (2005) this find fits well to Ganoderma resinaceum. It has distinctly stipitate pileus, continuous, partly shiny and reddish-brown (not dark brown and dull as with Ganoderma applanatum and Ganoderma australe) resinous crust, which first melts and then burns with a yellow flame when heated at the tip of a knife in the flame of a match and a darker line in context just above tube layer. However, some traits not mentioned in the keys pose problems. The context color doesn't seem to correspond well to the descriptions in Ryvarden (2014) and Krieglsteiner (2000) ('pale grayish-brown') and Bernicchia (2005) ('brown, red-brown'). The find was found on dead stump of Ostrya carpinifolia (host species not listed as a possible substrate in the literature available to me) while Ganoderma resinaceum is known from live deciduous trees. Measured spores are slightly too long and too wide in average compared to most published data (the only exception is Ref.: 4). Their width fits better to similar Ganoderma pfeifferi, which is apparently always sessile and never stipitate. Measured spore dimensions actually fit perfectly to Ganoderma carnosum, which is, however, know only from conifers. Also the habitat of the find seems strange. Ganoderma resinaceum is usually found in parks, roadsides, seldom in woods. All this makes my determination uncertain to some extent.Growing solitary; pileus dimensions 10 x 8 cm; oozing reddish droplets when cut, pore layer bruising brown when handled; trama fibrous-corky and very firm, difficult to cut even with a ceramic knife; taste bitter, smell distinctive, pleasant, a kind of mushroomy; SP faint, possibly brown. Spores brown, rough, thick (double) walled. Dimensions: 11.4 [12.2 ; 12.6] 13.5 x 6.9 [7.5 ; 7.8] 8.5 microns; Q = 1.4 [1.6 ; 1.7] 1.8; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 12.4 x 7.7 microns; Qe = 1.6. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) L. Ryvarden, I. Melo, Poroid fungi of Europe, Synopsis Fungorum 31., Fungiflora A/S (2014), p 191. (2) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceaes l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 238. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 427. (4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 332. (5) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 486.

Slo.: hrastov blazinec - Habitat: Light mixed wood edge, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Ostrya carprinifolia, Fraxinus ornus, Corylus avellana dominant; modestly southeast inclined terrain; calcareous ground, overgrown old scree and rocks; relatively dry and warm place; mostly in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 615 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: still standing dry branch of Corylus avellana still in bark and about 3.5 cm in diameter; sporocarp about 1 m (3 feet) above ground. - Comments: This quite rare Polyporaceae was growing solitary in a form of three 'pilei-like' clumps fused together, all three together measured 6 x 2.5 cm and were max 1 cm thick; flesh hard, brittle, fibrous; smell indistinctive; sporocarps photographed in still moist, apparently alive condition; SP none - I have no good luck regarding spores with this species. KOH 5% on trama chestnut brown, on pores surface weak darkening. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, Fungiflora, Vol.1. (1993), p 238. (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 282. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 608. (4) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 315. (5) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 201. (6) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Rot, www.gobenabovskem.com

Slo.: oranna pokrivaa - Habitat: Young mixed forest, former pasture, flat terrain, calcareous ground, in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 600 m (2.000 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: dead but still standing branch of Tilia sp. - Comments: Very common species here around; growing effuse-reflex along a length of about 60 cm in several patches up to 4 cm wide; flesh thin (less than 0.5 mm), leathery; with several small downy pilei of a few mm width; SP abundant, white, oac900. - Spores smooth. Dimensions: 7.2(SD= 0.4) x 3.4 (SD= 0.3) , Q= 2.15 (SD= 0.17), n= 30. Olympus CH20 NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 260. (2) A. Bernicchia, S.P. Gorjon, Cortitiaceae s.l., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), pp 192. (3) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 540. (4) I.V. Zmitrovich, W.A. Spirin, S.P. Wasser, Variability of Byssomerulius corium in the Mediterranean. Mycotaxon (2006). 97:83-90, cited by Mycobank

Slo.: dlakava slojevka - Habitat: Mixed hardwood woodland, cretaceous clastic rock, shade, altitude 440 m (1.400 feet), medium light, rain protected by trees canopies, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: Quercus sp. bark of branches of a fallen tree, partly decayed

Slo.: marelina golobica - Habitat: found in alpine valley, mixed wood edge with shrubs; dominant Picea abies, Fagus sylvatica, Corylus avellana, Rosa sp., Fraxinus ornus, etc.; about 5 m off the dirt forest road in steep, west inclined terrain; in shade and relatively humid place close to a mountain stream; calcareous ground; partly protected from direct rain by tree and shrubs' canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevation 680 m (2.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: forest soil. - Comments: Growing in a group of three pilei; pilei diameter 5(8) cm, stipe 4-5.5 cm high and about 1.2-1.5 cm in diameter; smell indistinctive, almost none; taste mild, only after a long time very mildly bitter/burning; flesh very brittle; SP yellow-ochre, oac856, abundant; pilei cuticle peeling easy. - Determination is not certain. According to Ref.:(1) the find is too robust There is also some ambiguity in literature regarding similar Rusullas with yellow hut. Among others, this observation can be also Russula acetolens, Rauschert. Both R. risigallina and R. acetolens are sometimes referred under common name R. lutea (Ref.: (2)). Both are supposed to be somewhat smaller in average than this observation. Although measured spore dimensions fit very well to R. risigallina, type of spore surface do hardly. Warts eventually appear too coarse (?) (Refs.:(2) and (3)). Both mentioned alternatives should have distinctly sweet and vinegary smell respectively, but our observation had no distinct smell. Also, Refs.:(4) and (5) disagree with these statements. If I follow Ref.:(5) this observation fits the best to the name Russula risigallina var. acetolens. No really better fit could be found. There is some ambiguity also regarding its taste. Trama and gills (a small piece of the edge of the pileus) certainly didn't have distinct, strong burning taste. However, it also was not completely 'mild' (as it should be for R. risigalina according most sources), but had a barely noticeable bitter/burning taste after a longer chewing being far of that what is usually meant by 'burning taste' with Russulas. - Spores coarsely warty. Dimensions: 8.0 (SD = 0.5) x 6.6 (SD = 0.4) , Q = 1.21 (SD = 0.05), n = 30. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - References: (1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Rot, www.gobenabovskem.com. (2) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 328. (3) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 40. (4) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 60. (5) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 2, Ulmer (2000), p 471.

Oregon Mycological Society

Slo.: tribarvna zvitocevka - Habitat: Harwood forest, almost flat calcareous terrain, northeast oriented, humid place, in shade, partly protected from direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 480 m (1.600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: fallen rotten thick branch of Corylus avellana. - Comments: Growing gregariously, fruitbody diameter up to 8 cm (3,2 inch), flesh hard. Dry and dead (?) fruitbodies. - Comments Some people consider Daedaleopsis tricolor (Bull.) Fr., Mycol. eur. (Erlanga) 3: 12 (1828) as a variety of: Daedaleopsis confragosa var. tricolor or simply Daedaleopsis confrangosa. To my experience D. tricolor and D. confragosa differ significantly in appearance. Growing gregariously, fruitbody diameter up to 8 cm (3,2 inch), flesh hard. Dry and dead (?) fruitbodies. - Ref.: (1) A.Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 195.

Slo.: medvedja ilavka - Habitat: Mixed, predominantly hardwood woodland, nearly flat terrain, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh), partly protected from direct rain by trees canopies, in shade, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 490 m (1.600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: rotten (almost in the final stage) branch of a broad leaved (possibly Fagus sylvatica) tree, lying on ground, fully covered with mosses. - Comments: Growing in groups, pileus across up to 3,5 cm (1.5 inch), taste unpleasant and smell indistinctive. SP whitish with yellow tint (oac815), abundant. Caps brown with red tint (oac700), tomentose part dark brown (oac734), gills light brown-gray (oac702), lighter than the caps. Pore layer concolorous with pore surface. Spores should be minutely spiny but I can't see these spikes. - Spore dimensions: 4.1 (SD = 0.3) x 3.4 (SD = 0.2) micr., Q = 1.22 (SD = 0.07), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. - Ref.: (1) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 3, Ulmer (2001), p 9 . (2) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 124. (3) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 144. (4) http://www.mushroomexpert.com/lentinellus_ursinus.html .

Slo.: rjavozelena golobica - Habitat: Mixed forest, deciduous trees dominant, nearly flat terrain, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock, in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevations 430 m (1.400 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: forest soil, rotten leaves, some needles and wood debris. - Comments: Growing solitary, pileus diameter about 8 cm. Taste indistinctive, smell mild but distinctive on ?? Spore print white. Spore dimensions: 5,7 (SD=0,4) x 4,8 (SD=0,4) micr., Q = 1,17 (SD=0,07), n = 30 . Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. - Ref.: (1) Personal communication. Determined by Mr. Anton Poler. (2) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 858. (3) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 56 (4) A. Poler, Veselo po gobe, Mohorjeva druba, Celovec (in Slovene), (2002), p 158. (5) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6021~source~gallerychooserresult.asp .

Slo.: grbančasta slojevka - Habitat: Secondary mixed forest, deciduous trees dominant, nearly flat terrain, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock, in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevations 460 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: dead but still standing and not yet debarked Alnus incana. - Comments: Growing on mossy bark of a tree. Photographed in almost dry state. Hymenium dull ocher-orange (oac757), at the thin margins almost white; mostly resupinate, rarely somewhat effused-reflexed, small huts blakish-brouwn; SP abundant, crme color (oac857); after keeping it at 100% relative humidity and room temperatures for a few days it started bruising reddish when handled and secreting blood-red milk when scratcher with a needle or knife. - Spores smooth, dimensions: 10.4 (SD = 0.7) x 4.7 (SD = 0.4) micr., Q = 2.21 (SD = 0.24), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. Ref.: (1) A.Bernicchia, S.P.Gorjon, Cortitiaceae s.i., Flora Europea Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), pp 640. (2) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 336. (3) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 317. (4) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 310.