Comprehensive Description
provided by North American Flora
Cracca virginiana L Sp. PI. 752. 1753
Galega virginiana I,. Svst. ed. 10. 1172. 1759.
Galega virginica J. P. Gmel. Syst. Nat. 2: 1552 (index). 1791.
Tephrosia virginiana Pers. Syn. PI. 2: 329. 1807.
Tephrosia holosericea Nult. Jour. Acad. Phila. 7: 105. 1834.
Tephrosia virginiana holosericea T. it G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 296. 1838.
Tephrosia virginica Biget. Fl. Bost. ed. 3. 296. 1840.
Cracca virginiana holosericea Vail, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 27. 1895.
Cracca holosericea Britten it Baker, Jour. Bot. 38: 15. 1900.
Perennial herb, with a woody branched caudex; stems several, 3-6 dm. high, erect, angled or striate, simple, more or less villous, copiously so above; leaves 6-12 cm. long; stipules lance-subulate, caducous, 5-7 mm. long; petiole very short; rachis more or less short-villous; leaflets 1 1-27, oblong or elliptic, or the terminal one elliptic-obovate, mostly obtuse, apiculate, green and glabrous, or nearly so above, soft silky-Villous beneath, or in the var. holosericea equally silky-pilose on both sides, 2-3.5 cm. long, 5-10 mm. wide; racemes short, terminal, with 1-3 flowers at each node, and sometimes 1 or 2 in the upper axils; bracts subulate; pedicels 5-10 mm. long; calyx silky-villous with short hairs; tube 2.5-3 mm. long, the lobes 4-5 mm. long, lanceolate, gradually acuminate; corolla cream-colored, pale-yellow, or white, with a tinge of purple or pink; banner pubescent without, broadly obovate, 15-17 mm. long, tapering into the claw; wings about as long, their blades oblong-oblanceolate, with a large rounded basal auricle on the upper side and a smaller one on the lower, which is adnate to the keel-petal, the claws 2.5 mm. long; keel-petals lunate, almost semicircular, with a large acute basal auricle on the upper side, united with each other for the upper third of their length ; claws 3 mm. long; pod 3-5 cm. long, 4-5 mm. wide, straight or slightly falcate, short-villous; seeds 4-8, reniform-orbicular, 4 mm. long, 3 mm. high, mottled.
Type locality: Virginia.
Distribution: Open woods, from New Hampshire to Manitoba, Louisiana, and Florida.
- bibliographic citation
- Per Axel Rydberg. 1919. (ROSALES); FABACEAE; PSORALEAE. North American flora. vol 24(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
Comprehensive Description
provided by North American Flora
Cracca latidens Small, Fl. SE. U. S. 609, 1331 1903.
A perennial, with a woody branched iootstock; stems several, tufted, 2-5 dm. high, striate or sulcate, strigosecanescent; leaves 5-9 cm. long; stipules lance-linear, caducous; petiole about 5 mm. long; rachis silky-strigose; leaflets 19-37, broadly oblong or oblongcuneate, 9-17 mm. long, mucronate, glabrate above, silky-strigose beneath; flowers few in terminal racemes; bracts subulate-; calyx densely silky strigose, the tube 3 mm. long, the lobes broadly ovate, abruptly acuminate, 3 mm. long; corolla IS mm. long, similar to that of C. virginiana; banner sparingly pubescent without; pod unknown, but the young ovary silkystrigose.
Type locality: [Kustis], central peninsular Florida.
Distribution: Known only from the type locality.
- bibliographic citation
- Per Axel Rydberg. 1919. (ROSALES); FABACEAE; PSORALEAE. North American flora. vol 24(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
Comprehensive Description
provided by North American Flora
Cracca leucosericea Rydberg, sp. nov
A perennial herb, with a branched caudex; stems several, 3-5 dm. high, appressed-silky, striate; leaves 5-10 cm. long; stipules subulate-setaceous, caducous, about 8 mm. long; rachis appressed-silky; leaflets 11-29, linear-oblong to lance-elliptic, those of the lower leaves often obtuse, the rest acute and aciculate, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 5-6 mm. wide, glabrate above, silky beneath; tlouers in terminal racemes; pedicels 1-1.5 cm. long, silky; calyx densely appressedsilky, almost silvery-white, the tube 3 mm. long, the lobes ovate-lanceolate, short-acuminate, 4 mm. long; corolla 15-18 mm. long, similar to that of C. virginiana; pod almost straight, 4-5 cm. long, 4-5 mm. wide, densely white-silky with rather appressed hairs, 6-7-seeded.
Type collected on the False Washita, between Fort Cobb and Fort Arbuckle, 1868, R. Palmer 114 (herb. N. Y. Hot. Card.).
Distribution: Sandy places, Kansas to Texas.
- bibliographic citation
- Per Axel Rydberg. 1919. (ROSALES); FABACEAE; PSORALEAE. North American flora. vol 24(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
Physical Description
provided by USDA PLANTS text
Perennial, Herbs, Stems woody below, or from woody crown or caudex, Taproot present, Nodules present, Stems erect or ascending, Stems less than 1 m tall, Stems solid, Stems or young twigs sparsely to densely hairy, Stem hairs hispid to villous, Leaves alternate, Leaves petiolate, Stipules conspicuous, Stipules setiform, subulate or acicular, Stipules persistent, Stipules free, Leaves compound, Leaves odd pinnate, Leaf or leaflet margins entire, Leaflets opposite, Leaflets 10-many, Leaves hairy on one or both surfaces, Inflorescences racemes, Inflorescence terminal, Inflorescence leaf-opposed, Bracts conspicuously present, Bracts hairy, Flowers zygomorphic, Calyx 5-lobed, Calyx hairy, Petals separate, Corolla papilionaceous, Petals clawed, Petals greenish yellow, Petals pinkish to rose, Petals orange or yellow, Petals bicolored or with red, purple or yellow streaks or spots, Banner petal ovoid or obovate, Banner petal suborbicular, broadly rounded, Wing petals narrow, oblanceolate to oblong, Wing petals auriculate, Wing tips obtuse or rounded, Keel petals auriculate, spurred, or gibbous, Keel tips obtuse or rounded, not beaked, Stamens 9-10, Stamens monadelphous, united below, Stamens diadelphous, 9 united, 1 free, Filaments glabrous, Style terete, Style sharply bent, Style hairy on one side only, Fruit a legume, Fruit unilocular, Fruit freely dehiscent, Fruit elongate, straight, Fruit exserted from calyx, Valves twisting or coiling after dehiscence, Fruit beaked, Fruit hairy, Fruit 3-10 seeded, Seeds ovoid to rounded in outline, Seed surface smooth, Seeds olive, brown, or black, Seed surface mottled or patchy.
Tephrosia virginiana
provided by wikipedia EN
Tephrosia virginiana, also known as goat-rue, goat's rue,[2] catgut,[2] rabbit pea,[2] Virginia tephrosia,[2] hoary pea,[3] and devil's shoestring[4] is a perennial dicot in family Fabaceae. The plant is native to central and eastern North America.
Description
This subshrub is low and bushy, growing to 60 centimetres (2 ft), but more often shorter. Its leaves are alternate and compound, usually with 8 to 15 pairs of narrow, oblong leaflets.[3] Soft white hairs on the leaves and the stem give them a silvery, or hoary, appearance.[5]
The flowers look similar to other flowers in the pea family and are bi-colored, with a pale yellow or cream upper petal (the standard), and pink petals on the on the bottom (the keel and wings).[4] The flowers are grouped into clusters at the top of the stems and bloom from May to August. The seed pods that form after the flowers bloom are small, approximately 5 centimetres (2 in) long.[3]
The roots are long and stringy, which is probably the source of the common names catgut and devil's shoestrings.[4]
Distribution and habitat
This plant prefers acidic soils, in part to full sun.[6] It grows throughout the Midwest, New England and southeastern United States.[7] Not easy to propagate because of the relationship it has with the acid soil it needs,[8] this plant can be found in sand savannas, open woods and glades, prairies and rocky soils.[3]
Toxicity
All tissues of this plant are toxic (containing rotenone), and should not be eaten by people or livestock. Crushed stems were previously used as a fish poison.[9]
References
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^ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved 26 July 2014.
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^ a b c d "Tephrosia virginiana". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 14 January 2018.
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^ a b c d Denison, Edgar (2017). Missouri Wildflowers (Sixth ed.). Conservation Commission of the State of Missouri. p. 64. ISBN 978-1-887247-59-7.
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^ a b c "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org.
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^ "Tephrosia virginiana (Catgut, Devil's Shoestring, Goat's Rue, Hoary Pea, North American Turkey Pea, Virginia Goat's Rue, Virginia Tephrosia, Wild Sweetpea) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox". plants.ces.ncsu.edu.
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^ "Tephrosia virginiana - Plant Finder". www.missouribotanicalgarden.org.
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^ USDA Plants Database
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^ "Goat's Rue". www.fs.usda.gov.
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^ Zhang, Peiwen; Qin, Deqiang; Chen, Jianjun; Zhang, Zhixiang (21 October 2020). "Plants in the Genus Tephrosia: Valuable Resources for Botanical Insecticides". Insects. 11 (10): 721. doi:10.3390/insects11100721. PMC 7589259. PMID 33096762.
- Peterson, Lee. (1977) A Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants of Eastern and Central North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. p. 82.
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Tephrosia virginiana: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Tephrosia virginiana, also known as goat-rue, goat's rue, catgut, rabbit pea, Virginia tephrosia, hoary pea, and devil's shoestring is a perennial dicot in family Fabaceae. The plant is native to central and eastern North America.
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- cc-by-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Wikipedia authors and editors
