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Virginia Creeper

Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planchon

Associations

provided by BioImages, the virtual fieldguide, UK
In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / saprobe
scattered, nestling in cortex and long hidden by it stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph of Cytospora ampelopsidis is saprobic on bark (twig) of Parthenocissus quinquefolia

Foodplant / parasite
Erysiphe necator parasitises Parthenocissus quinquefolia

Foodplant / saprobe
covered, scarcely emerging pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph of Phomopsis ampelopsidis is saprobic on dead branch of Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Remarks: season: 5

Foodplant / parasite
hypophyllous colony of sporangium of Plasmopara viticola parasitises live leaf of Parthenocissus quinquefolia

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Comments

provided by eFloras
This species is commonly seen as an ornamental in many cities in China and has also been planted along roads and highways in N China for soil conservation.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 12: 173, 174, 176 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
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Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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Description

provided by eFloras
Branchlets terete, glabrous; tendrils 5-9-branched, young apex curving, later developing into suckers. Leaves palmately 5-foliolate; petiole 5-14.5 cm, petiolule short or nearly absent, glabrous; leaflets obovoid, obovate-elliptic, or elliptic, 5.5-15 × 3-9 cm, glabrous or veins abaxially sparsely pilose, lateral veins 5-7 pairs, veinlets inconspicuously raised, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, margin with rough teeth, apex cuspidate. Paniculate polychasium pseudoterminal, with conspicuous rachis, 8-20 cm; peduncles 3-5 mm. Pedicel 1.5-2.5 mm, glabrous. Buds elliptic, 2-3 mm, apex rounded. Calyx entire. Petals elliptic, 1.7-2.7 mm, glabrous. Filaments 0.6-0.8 mm; anthers elliptic, 1.2-1.8 mm. Disk inconspicuous. Ovary coniform; stigma not expanded. Berry 1-1.2 cm in diam., 1-4-seeded. Seeds obovoid, base with short, acute rostrum, apex rounded. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 40.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 12: 173, 174, 176 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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eFloras.org
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Description

provided by eFloras
Climbing shrub, glabrous or young branches hirsute, reddish-purplish; tendril 5-8-branched. Petiole 3-8 cm long, ending in adhesive disc. Leaves 5-foliate, rarely 3-foliate. Leaflets elliptic-obovate to oblong, acuminate cuspidate or mucronate, cuneate, crenate-serrate, dark green above, and pale or ± glaucescent beneath, subcoriaceous, scarlet or reddish in autumn, glabrous or pilose beneath, 3-7 x 2-4 cm, lateral leaflets smaller, sometimes slightly oblique, petiolules 3-5 mm long. Inflorescence usually terminal, divaricate thyrsoides. Peduncle 1.5-2 cm long. Pedicels c. 3 mm long. Calyx cupular, c. 2 mm across, truncate. Petals 5, lanceolate, hooded at the apex, c. 3 mm long; stamens 2.5 mm long; disc inconspicuous, style thick, subulate; stigma short. Berry c.6 mm in diameter, bluish black in colour, globose or ovoid, ± pruinose, 1-3 seeded. Seed, more or less cordate.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0: 9 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
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S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
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Distribution

provided by eFloras
Distribution: A native of North America. Cultivated in the gardens of Pakistan.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0: 9 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
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S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
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eFloras.org
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Flower/Fruit

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Fl. Per. June-August.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 0: 9 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
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S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
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eFloras.org
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Habitat & Distribution

provided by eFloras
Cultivated throughout China, sometimes escaped and naturalized [native to E North America].
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copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 12: 173, 174, 176 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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eFloras.org
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eFloras

Synonym

provided by eFloras
Hedera quinquefolia Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 202. 1753; Ampelopsis quinquefolia (Linnaeus) Michaux; Parthenocissus engelmannii Koehne & Graebner; P. quinquefolia f. engelmannii (Koehne & Graebner) Rehder; Psedera quinquefolia (Linnaeus) Greene; Quinaria hederacea Rafinesque, nom. illeg. superfl.; Vitis quinquefolia (Linnaeus) Lamarck.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 12: 173, 174, 176 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
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eFloras

Broad-scale Impacts of Plant Response to Fire

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: prescribed fire

The Research Project Summary Effects of surface fires in a mixed red and eastern white pine stand in Michigan and the Research Paper by Bowles and others 2007 provide information on prescribed fire and postfire response of several plant species, including Virginia creeper, that was not available when this species review was written.
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bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Common Names

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Virginia creeper
woodbine
thicket creeper
five-leaved ivy
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cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Cover Value

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: cover

Virginia creeper provides cover for many small birds and mammals [11].
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bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Description

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: fruit, liana, perfect

Virginia creeper is a deciduous liana that climbs by tendrils to a height of 60 feet (18 m). The leaves are palmately compound, containing five leaflets, and have acuminate tips [29,32]. The twigs are orange brown, finely pubescent with pinnately branched tendrils ending in adhesive discs. The fruit is a dark purple berry containing four seeds. The flowers are green, perfect, and borne in panicles of compound cymes [13,27].
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bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Distribution

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Virginia creeper is widely distributed in the eastern and central United States. Its range extends from Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana, east to Florida and north through the Coastal Plain to Maine and Nova Scotia, west to southern Ontario, and south through parts of Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, eastern Nebraska, and Kansas [33,8].
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bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Fire Management Considerations

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Fire can be an effective agent in controlling Virginia creeper. Seedlings and sprouts can usually be eliminated as a result of normal underburning regimes in most commercial pine stands [15,17].
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bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Growth Form (according to Raunkiær Life-form classification)

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

More info for the term: phanerophyte

Phanerophyte
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bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat characteristics

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Virginia creeper grows over a wide geographic range. It prefers soils that are moist but grows well in a wide variety of soil types. Virginia creeper is tolerant of shade but often grows in open places such as the borders of clearings and along fence rows and streambanks [11,33].
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bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Cover Types

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

This species is known to occur in association with the following cover types (as classified by the Society of American Foresters):

More info for the terms: hardwood, swamp

1 Jack pine
5 Balsam fir
14 Northern pin oak
15 Red pine
20 White pine - northern red oak - maple
21 Eastern white pine
22 White pine - hemlock
23 Eastern hemlock
24 Hemlock - yellow birch
25 Sugar maple - beech - yellow birch
26 Sugar maple - basswood
27 Sugar maple
28 Black cherry - maple
30 Red spruce - yellow birch
31 Red spruce - sugar maple - beech
32 Red spruce
33 Red spruce - balsam fir
34 Red spruce - Fraser fir
35 Paper birch - red spruce - balsam fir
37 Northern white cedar
38 Tamarack
39 Black ash - American elm - red maple
40 Post oak - blackjack oak
43 Bear oak
44 Chestnut oak
45 Pitch pine
46 Eastern redcedar
51 White pine - chestnut oak
52 White oak - black oak - northern red oak
53 White oak
55 Northern red oak
57 Yellow poplar
58 Yellow poplar - eastern hemlock
59 Yellow poplar - white oak - northern red oak
60 Beech - sugar maple
61 River birch - sycamore
62 Silver maple - American elm
64 Sassafras - persimmon
65 Pin oak - sweetgum
69 Sand pine
70 Longleaf pine
72 Southern scrub oak
73 Southern redcedar
74 Cabbage palmetto
75 Shortleaf pine
76 Shortleaf pine - oak
78 Virginia pine - oak
79 Virginia pine
80 Loblolly pine - shortleaf pine
81 Loblolly pine
82 Loblolly pine - hardwood
83 Longleaf pine - slash pine
84 Slash pine
85 Slash pine - hardwood
87 Sweetgum - yellow poplar
88 Willow oak - water oak - diamondleaf oak
89 Live oak
91 Swamp chestnut oak - cherrybark oak
92 Sweetgum - willow oak
93 Sugarberry - American elm - green ash
94 Sycamore - sweetgum - American elm
95 Black willow
96 Overcup oak - water hickory
97 Atlantic white cedar
98 Pond pine
100 Pondcypress
101 Baldcypress - tupelo
103 Water tupelo - swamp tupelo
104 Sweetbay - swamp tupelo - redbay
109 Hawthorn
110 Black oak
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bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Ecosystem

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

This species is known to occur in the following ecosystem types (as named by the U.S. Forest Service in their Forest and Range Ecosystem [FRES] Type classification):

FRES10 White - red - jack pine
FRES11 Spruce - fir
FRES12 Longleaf - slash pine
FRES13 Loblolly - shortleaf pine
FRES14 Oak - pine
FRES15 Oak - hickory
FRES16 Oak - gum - cypress
FRES17 Elm - ash - cottonwood
FRES18 Maple - beech - birch
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Habitat: Plant Associations

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

This species is known to occur in association with the following plant community types (as classified by Küchler 1964):

More info for the terms: bog, forest, hardwood

K084 Cross Timbers
K086 Great Lakes pine forest
K089 Black Belt
K090 Live oak - sea oats
K094 Conifer bog
K095 Great Lakes pine forest
K096 Northeastern spruce - fir forest
K097 Southeastern spruce - fir forest
K100 Oak - hickory forest
K101 Elm - ash forest
K102 Beech - maple forest
K103 Mixed mesophytic forest
K104 Appalachian oak forest
K106 Northern hardwoods
K107 Northern hardwood - fir forest
K108 Northern hardwood - spruce forest
K110 Northeastern oak - pine forest
K111 Oak - hickory - pine forest
K112 Southern mixed forest
K113 Southern floodplain forest
K114 Pocosin
K115 Sand pine scrub
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bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Immediate Effect of Fire

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: top-kill

Most fires top-kill Virginia creeper plants [6].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Importance to Livestock and Wildlife

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: fruit

Songbirds are the principal consumers of Virginia creeper fruit, but deer, squirrels, and other small animals also eat them [16,30]. Cattle and deer sometimes browse the foliage [11].
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cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Key Plant Community Associations

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Common associates include southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora),
greenbrier (Smilax spp.), poison-ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), and
grape (Vitis spp.). A complete list of trees growing with Virginia
creeper would include a majority of trees growing in the eastern United
States [21,24].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Life Form

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: vine

Vine
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bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Management considerations

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Management considerations call for the control of Virginia creeper when
it competes with desirable pines and hardwoods. Aerial application of
Arsenal at about 4 to 6 pints per acre (1.9-2.8 l/ha) has been
recommended [19].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Nutritional Value

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: woodland

A combination tebuthiuron-fire treatment increased protein content of
Virginia creeper in a Cross Timbers oak woodland in Oklahoma. Percent
crude protein of plants collected on treated and control plots was as
follows [2]:

Sampling date
Treatment Year 6-1 7-4 8-15 9-1
-------------------------------------------------
Control 1985 12.6 10.7 ---- ---
Control 1986 10.3 8.6 ---- ----
Teb + fire 1985 13.6 12.5 14.4 12.0
Teb + fire 1986 14.6 10.3 13.1 14.4
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cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Occurrence in North America

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
AL AR CT DE FL GA IA IL IN KS
KY LA ME MD MA MI MN MS MO NC
NE NH NJ NY OH PA RI SC TN TX
VA VT WI WV NS ON
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Other uses and values

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
Virginia creeper is often cultivated as an ornamental because of its attractive foliage. The bark has been used in domestic medicine as a tonic, expectorant, and remedy for dropsy [33].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Phenology

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

More info for the term: fruit

Virginia creeper flowers between June and July; fruit ripens between August and October [11].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Plant Response to Fire

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the term: root crown

Following fire, Virginia creeper may sprout from surviving root crown or remaining live stems [1,3].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Regeneration Processes

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: epigeal, fruit, natural, peat, stratification

Vegetative: Virginia creeper sprouts from horizontal aboveground stems [29]. Sexual: Wildlife use of Virginia creeper's fruit suggests that its seeds are animal dispersed [32]. Natural germination is epigeal and occurs during the first or second spring following dispersal. Germination can be improved by stratification in moist sand or peat at 41 degrees Fahrenheit (5 deg C) for about 60 days [11].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Successional Status

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info on this topic.

More info for the term: climax

Facultative Seral Species Virginia creeper is a shade-tolerant, mid- to late-seral species. It grows well under shade but will climb up trees, poles, and other structures to reach the sunlight [9,20]. It is a component of climax forests in the eastern United States [4,5,12].
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Taxonomy

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
The currently accepted scientific name for Virginia creeper is
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. [8]. Recognized varieties and
forms are as follows [33]:

P. quinquefolia var. hirsuta (Pursh) Planch.
P. quinquefolia var. minor (Graebn.) Rehd.
P. quinquefolia var. murorum (Focke) Rehd.
P. quinquefolia var. saint-paulii (Graebn.) Rehd.
P. quinquefolia forma engelmannii (Graebn.) Rehd.
license
cc-publicdomain
bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Value for rehabilitation of disturbed sites

provided by Fire Effects Information System Plants
More info for the terms: density, hardwood, stratification

Virginia creeper is used for watershed protection and erosion control [11]. Propagation: Seeds can be sown in the fall or preferably in the spring after stratification. Drilling and covering with about 3/8 inch (1 cm) of soil or mulch is recommended. Optimum planting density is 10 plants per square foot (0.1. sq m). Virginia creeper can also be propagated from hardwood cuttings or layerings [11].
license
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bibliographic citation
Coladoanto, Milo. 1991. Parthenocissus quinquefolia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/

Description

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Climber, ascending to considerable heights. Tendrils with 5-8 branches, ending in adhesive disks. Leaves digitate: leaflets usually 5, elliptic to obovate, coarsely serrate. Flowers in terminal or leaf-opposed compound cymes. Petals c. 3 mm, green. Fruit black.
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Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=169080
author
Mark Hyde
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Bart Wursten
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Petra Ballings
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Flora of Zimbabwe

Worldwide distribution

provided by Flora of Zimbabwe
Eastern USA to Florida and Mexico
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Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten and Petra Ballings
bibliographic citation
Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T. and Ballings, P. (2002-2014). Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. Flora of Zimbabwe website. Accessed 28 August 2014 at http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=169080
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Mark Hyde
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Bart Wursten
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Petra Ballings
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Distribution ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Chile Central
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Universidad de Santiago de Chile
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Pablo Gutierrez
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Beşləçəkli qızüzümü ( Azerbaijani )

provided by wikipedia AZ


Parthenocissus quinquefolia (lat. Parthenocissus quinquefolia)

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Vətəni Şimali Amеrika hеsab оlunur.

Botaniki təsviri

Uzunluğu 3-4 m оlan оduncaqlı lianadır. Zоğları qırmızı, silindrik, çохsaylı qabıqlarla və bığcıqlarla örtülmüşdür. Tumurcuqların bığcıqları üzbəüz yеrləşir, yarpaq ayası еnli, hamardır. Yarpaqları bеş bəzən üç hissəlidir, saplağı az tükcüklü, sоnradan açıq-qоnur rəngli оlur. Yarpaq ayaları yumurtaşəkilli, dərili, üstü tünd yaşıl və parlaq, alt hissəsi daha açıq və damarcıqlarında bir qədər tükcüklüdür, uzunluğu 10-20 sm-ə çatır. Kənarları küt dişli, çiçəkləri ikicinslidir, хırda çiçəkləri çılpaq çiçək saplağında yеrləşən qalхanlara yığılmışdır. İyun-iyulda çiçəkləyir. Mеyvələri kiçik və yеməli оlmayan göyümtül-qara giləmеyvələrdir. Sеntyabr-оktyabrda yеtişir.

Ekologiyası

Rütubət sevən, quraqlığa davamlı bitkidir.

Azərbaycanda yayılması

Böyük və Kiçik Qafqazda, Kür-Araz ovalığında, Talışda və Naxçıvan MR-da təbii halda rast gəlinir.

İstifadəsi

Dеkоrativ bitki kimi Abşеrоnda çох vaхt canlı hasarların salınmasında, binaların tоzdan, zəhərli qazlardan mühafizəsində istifadə оlunur. Оnun əlvan-mürəkkəb yarpaqları yayda parlaq yaşıl, payızda tünd qırmızı və ya bənövşəyi rəngdə оlur. Ddivarların, çəpərlərin üzərini tamamilə örtür və оnları bəzəyir. Liana tеz böyüyür, dirəyə bığcıqların köməyilə dırmaşır.

Mənbə

  • Tofiq Məmmədov, “Azərbaycan dendroflorasi” V cild, Baki, “Elm”, 2019, 370 səh.
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Beşləçəkli qızüzümü: Brief Summary ( Azerbaijani )

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia (lat. Parthenocissus quinquefolia)

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Vinya verge ( Catalan; Valencian )

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La vinya verge (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) és una planta enfiladissa de fulles caducifòlies molt utilitzada per a ornamentació; les seves fulles són verdes, però a la tardor es tornen roges i després cauen. És una planta lianoide molt escampada al voltant dels nuclis urbans i afecta boscos, clarianes i murs amb espècies amenaçades i protegides.

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Vinya verge Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata


www.josepalosvalls.wordpress.com/category/plantes/

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Vinya verge: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Dringwr fflamgoch ( Welsh )

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Planhigyn blodeuol a dringhedydd (ymlusgol) yw Dringwr fflamgoch sy'n enw gwrywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Vitaceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Parthenocissus quinquefolia a'r enw Saesneg yw Virginia-creeper.[1] Ceir enwau Cymraeg eraill ar y planhigyn hwn gan gynnwys Dringwr Fflamgoch.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gerddi Kew; adalwyd 21 Ionawr 2015
Comin Wikimedia
Mae gan Gomin Wikimedia
gyfryngau sy'n berthnasol i:
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Dringwr fflamgoch: Brief Summary ( Welsh )

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Planhigyn blodeuol a dringhedydd (ymlusgol) yw Dringwr fflamgoch sy'n enw gwrywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Vitaceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Parthenocissus quinquefolia a'r enw Saesneg yw Virginia-creeper. Ceir enwau Cymraeg eraill ar y planhigyn hwn gan gynnwys Dringwr Fflamgoch.

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Loubinec pětilistý ( Czech )

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Loubinec pětilistý (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), lidově známý jako psí víno, je popínavá rostlina z čeledi révovitých. V ČR je občas využívána jako okrasná popínavá rostlina k výzdobě zdí.

Alternativní jména

Česká

  • psí víno
  • přísavník pětilistý
  • loubinec pýřitý

vědecká

  • Ampelopsis hederacea var. murorum Focke
  • Ampelopsis latifolia Tausch
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia (L.) Michx.
  • Hedera quinquefolia L.
  • Parthenocissus hirsuta (Pursh) Graebn.
  • Parthenocissus pubescens (Schltdl.) Graebn.
  • Psedera quinquefolia (L.) Greene
  • Psedera quinquefolia var. murorum (Focke) Rehd.
  • Vitis quinquefolia (L.) Lam.

Další jazyky

  • angl.: Virginia creeper, Engelman Ivy (zejména Kanada)
  • něm. Selbstkletternde Jungfernrebe, Fünfblättrige Jungfernrebe, Wilder Wein
  • slov. pavinič päťlistý, divé hrozno, psie víno

Vzhled

 src=
Loubinec pětilistý jako okrasná rostlina

Loubinec pětilistý je popínavá dřevina podobná vinné révě. V českých podmínkách obvykle šplhá do výšky 8–15 metrů, jinak v ideálních případech (záleží na klimatických podmínkách, půdě a podložce ke šplhání) až ke třiceti. Mladé větve a pupeny jsou načervenalé (u podobného loubince popínavého jsou zelené).

Listy jsou střídavé, opadavé, dlanitě složené, pětičetné, jednotlivé lístky jsou vejčitě kopinaté až podlouhlé, jejich okraj je pilovitý. Na podzim dochází před opadem k jejich výraznému zbarvení do červena. Pro šplhání a přichycování na podkladu vytváří úponky s 5–8 rameny (podobný loubinec popínavý má jen 3–5 ramen), které jsou zakončeny přísavnou destičkou (u loubince popínavého přísavné destičky chybí). Ta při kontaktu s hladkou podložkou vylučuje tmelící látku sloužící k upevnění rostliny. Kůra je žlutohnědá.

Květy jsou malé a zelené, v postranních vrcholících, kališních lístků je 5, korunní lístky jsou volné a je jich také 5. Tyčinek je 5. Semeník je dvoupouzdrý, srostlý se žláznatým terčem. V České republice kvete od července do září. Plodem jsou tmavě modré až černé bobule, které jsou většinou neojíněné a obsahují po 2–3 semenech (u loubince popínavého bývá bobule ojíněná, se 3–4 semeny).

Rozšíření a výskyt

Loubinec pětilistý pochází ze Severní Ameriky, oblast jeho přirozeného výskytu se nachází v její střední a východní části. Přibližně ji lze vymezit jako prostor od Guatemaly na sever přes východní Mexiko, západní okraj areálu představují Texas, Jižní Dakota a Utah, severozápadní hranicí pak je Manitoba. Na severu je okrajem areálu jihovýchodní Kanada. Z Ameriky byl loubinec pětilistý na počátku 17. století přivezen do Evropy, kde byl vysazován jako okrasná rostlina. V České republice je občas vysazován a zřídka zplaňuje. Mnohem hojnější druh je loubinec popínavý (Parthenocissus inserta), který nebyl od loubince pětilistého v ČR dříve odlišován nebo byl odlišován špatně. Dříve byl udáván hojný výskyt loubince pětilistého (jako zdomácnělé rostliny) např. z lužních lesů, později se zjistilo, že drtivá většina těchto výskytů patří druhu loubinec popínavý. V Květeně ČR (Koblížek 1997) a klíči ke květeně (Koblížek 2002) se pojetí druhů, popisy a další údaje značně liší. Vzhledem k tomu, že jde o stejného autora, musíme považovat dílo z roku 2002 za správnější.

 src=
Dozrávající plody s podzimním zbarvením listů

Jedovatost

Bobule loubince pětilistého jsou pro člověka (jakožto i ostatní savce) slabě jedovaté, ovšem vzhledem k jejich odporné chuti příliš nehrozí, že by se jimi někdo otrávil. Jedovatost bobulí se nevztahuje na ptáky, pro mnohé ptačí druhy představují plody loubince důležitý zdroj potravy přes zimu. Rostlina má rozsáhlé využití v rámci léčitelství, indiáni ji používají k léčbě průjmů, obtíží při močení, vodnatosti a křečí čelistních svalů.[zdroj?]

Toxikologické informační středisko u plodů uvádíː „Téměř nejedovaté plody – nebezpečná může být dávka nad 20 plodů (bobulí, semen). Po větším požitém množství se podává aktivní uhlí. Nebývá nutná hospitalizace (jen u mimořádně citlivých osob při závažných příznacích), u zdravých jedinců se objevují nanejvýš zažívací potíže.“[1]

Odkazy

Reference

  1. Toxikologické informační středisko Kliniky pracovního lékařství Všeobecné fakultní nemocnice

Literatura

  • Koblížek J. (1997): heslo "Parthenocissus Planchon", In: Slavík B. (ed.): Květena České republiky, vol. 5, Academia, Praha
  • Koblížek J. (2002): heslo "Parthenocissus Planchon", In: Kubát K. et al. (eds.): Klíč ke Květeně České republiky. -928 p., Academia, Praha

Související články

Externí odkazy

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Loubinec pětilistý: Brief Summary ( Czech )

provided by wikipedia CZ

Loubinec pětilistý (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), lidově známý jako psí víno, je popínavá rostlina z čeledi révovitých. V ČR je občas využívána jako okrasná popínavá rostlina k výzdobě zdí.

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Klatrevildvin ( Danish )

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Klatrevildvin (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), også skrevet Klatre-Vildvin, er en klatrende lian med en hurtig, frodig vækstform. Planten klatrer ved hjælp af små skiver i spidsen af slyngtrådene. Frugterne kan spises, men pas på med kernerne: de har en brændende, senere bedøvende smag (som chili!).

Beskrivelse

Barken er først rød og glat, senere lysegrøn og til sidst grå og furet. Knopperne er spredte, glatte og røde. Bladene er femkoblede med elliptiske småblade. Bladranden er groft takket. Oversiden er blank og mørkegrøn, næsten læderagtig, mens undersiden er lysegrøn og mat. Høstfarven er klart rød. Overfor hvert blad findes en 5-8 grenet slyngtråd.

Blomsterne sidder samlet i endestillede toppe. De er små og uanselige. Frugterne er 6 mm store, blåsorte bær. Frøene modner næsten aldrig i Danmark (sommeren er for kort).

Rodnettet består af kraftige hovedrødder, der når langt ud og ned, og som er tæt forgrenet.

Højde x bredde og årlig tilvækst: 15 x ? m (200 x ? cm/år), men den gennemsnitlige tilvækst pr. år er mindre, måske kun 50 cm.

Hjemsted

Vildvin gror i Allegheny-bjergene, hvor den danner bunddække og optræder som lian i de blandede løvskove.

I området omkring Roosevelt i New Jersey, USA, findes arten i skove og som pionertræ sammen med bl.a. Konvalbusk, robinie, tulipantræ, amerikansk bøg, amerikansk knapbusk, amerikansk nældetræ, amerikansk platan, amerikansk vin, blyantene, brunfrugtet surbær, glansbladet hæg, hvid ask, hvid hickory, koralsumak, pennsylvansk vokspors, rødløn, skovtupelotræ, sukkerbirk, sumpeg, sumprose, virginsk ambratræ, virginsk troldnød, virginsk vinterbær, weymouthfyr og østamerikansk hemlock[1]






Noter

Kilde

  • Sten Porse: Plantebeskrivelser, DCJ 2003 (CD-Rom).

Eksterne henvisninger

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Klatrevildvin: Brief Summary ( Danish )

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Klatrevildvin (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), også skrevet Klatre-Vildvin, er en klatrende lian med en hurtig, frodig vækstform. Planten klatrer ved hjælp af små skiver i spidsen af slyngtrådene. Frugterne kan spises, men pas på med kernerne: de har en brændende, senere bedøvende smag (som chili!).

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Selbstkletternde Jungfernrebe ( German )

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Die Selbstkletternde Jungfernrebe (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), ebenso wie die Dreispitzige Jungfernrebe (Parthenocissus tricuspidata) und die Gewöhnliche Jungfernrebe (Parthenocissus vitacea) auch als Wilder Wein[1] bezeichnet, ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung Jungfernreben (Parthenocissus) innerhalb der Familie der Weinrebengewächse (Vitaceae). Ihre Heimat ist das östliche Nordamerika.

Beschreibung

 src=
Namensgebende Blattform von Laubblättern in Herbstfärbung von Parthenocissus quinquefolia.

Die Selbstkletternde Jungfernrebe ist eine Kletterpflanze, die Wuchshöhen von 20 bis 30 m erreicht. Die Ranken sind fünf- bis achtarmig und haben Haftscheiben, die sich nur bei Berührung der Ranken mit einem Substrat ausbilden. Manche Sorten können sich nur begrenzt an Wandflächen anhaften und eignen sich besser für Rankgerüste. Die Sorte 'Engelmannii' hat demgegenüber gute Klettereigenschaften.[2] Die fünffingrigen Blätter sind unterseits weißlichgrün und matt. Die im Juni bis Juli blühenden Blüten sind unscheinbar und grünweißlich. Ab September sind die erbsengroßen Beeren schwarz mit blauem Wachsüberzug und werden gerne von Vögeln gefressen. Im Herbst färben sich die Blätter scharlachrot bis purpurrot. Die Selbstkletternde Jungfernrebe mag einen nährstoffreichen Boden und gedeiht im Schatten sowie in der Sonne gut.

Die Chromosomenzahl beträgt 2n = 40.[3]

Nutzung

Einige Sorten werden wegen ihrer Herbstfärbung als Zierpflanzen verwendet.

Die Selbstkletternde Jungfernrebe ist eine der unkompliziertesten Kletterpflanzen zur großflächigen Fassaden- und Bauwerksbegrünung. Einmal angewachsen kann sie zunächst weitgehend sich selbst überlassen werden und kann innerhalb von Jahrzehnten mehrgeschossige Gebäude selbsttätig überwachsen, wenn genügend Licht und Wasser zur Verfügung steht. Im Gegensatz zu einigen Schlingpflanzen winden sich die Triebe nicht um Regenfallrohre oder andere Bauteile. Und im Gegensatz zu Efeu wachsen die Triebe zwar in Hohlräume ein, haften sich dort jedoch nicht an und entwickeln sich nicht weiter, wenn sie nicht wieder den Weg zurück ins Licht finden. Die Haupttriebe können nach einigen Jahrzehnten wie die der Weinrebe annähernd Armdicke erreichen. Da sie nicht die Tendenz haben, in Spalten hineinzuwachsen, besteht jedoch in der Regel keine Gefahr für Fassadenbekleidungen oder Bauwerksanschlüsse.

Die Haftscheiben verbleiben am Untergrund, wenn die Pflanze entfernt wird, und sind schwer zu entfernen. Da sie sehr klein sind, sind sie in der Regel nur an sehr glatten und gleichmäßigen Untergründen wahrnehmbar.

Die Pflanze überwächst Dachflächen, die sich nicht zu sehr aufheizen. Meist ist dies an nördlich und östlich geneigten Dachflächen der Fall. Dies stellt kein grundsätzliches Problem dar, solange es möglich ist, gelegentlich Triebe und Blätter zu entfernen, die auf Dauer den Abfluss von Regenwasser in den Dachrinnen behindern.

Systematik

Die Erstveröffentlichung erfolgte 1753 durch Carl von Linné unter dem Namen (Basionym) Hedera quinquefolia in Species Plantarum, 1, S. 202. Die Neukombination zu Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. wurde durch Jules Émile Planchon veröffentlicht. Weitere Synonyme von Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. sind: Ampelopsis quinquefolia (L.) Michx., Parthenocissus engelmannii Koehne & Graebn., P. quinquefolia f. engelmannii (Koehne & Graebn.) Rehder, Psedera quinquefolia (L.) Greene, Quinaria hederacea Raf. nom. illeg. superfl., Vitis quinquefolia (L.) Lam.

Die früher als Varietäten oder Unterarten geführten Formen stellen wohl nur Sorten (Ausleseformen) dar.

Bilder

Quellen

Einzelnachweise

  1. Walter Erhardt u. a.: Der große Zander. Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen. Band 2. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7
  2. Dorothée Waechter: Lazy Die Pflanzen, BLV, ISBN 3-405-16486-9
  3. Erich Oberdorfer: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora für Deutschland und angrenzende Gebiete. 8. Auflage. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5. Seite 654.

Weblinks

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Selbstkletternde Jungfernrebe: Brief Summary ( German )

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Die Selbstkletternde Jungfernrebe (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), ebenso wie die Dreispitzige Jungfernrebe (Parthenocissus tricuspidata) und die Gewöhnliche Jungfernrebe (Parthenocissus vitacea) auch als Wilder Wein bezeichnet, ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung Jungfernreben (Parthenocissus) innerhalb der Familie der Weinrebengewächse (Vitaceae). Ihre Heimat ist das östliche Nordamerika.

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Ampelopso ( Ido )

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Ampelopso esas speco de vito ornamentala, qua klimas sur muri. Ampelopsis o Parthenocissus quinquefolia

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia ( Scots )

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia, kent as bindwid, is a species of flouerin plant in the vine faimily Vitaceae, native tae eastren an central North Americae, in sootheastren Canadae, the eastren an central Unitit States, eastren Mexico, an Guatemala, wast as far as Manitoba, Sooth Dakota, Utah an Texas.

Gallery

References

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia: Brief Summary ( Scots )

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia, kent as bindwid, is a species of flouerin plant in the vine faimily Vitaceae, native tae eastren an central North Americae, in sootheastren Canadae, the eastren an central Unitit States, eastren Mexico, an Guatemala, wast as far as Manitoba, Sooth Dakota, Utah an Texas.

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia, known as Virginia creeper, Victoria creeper, five-leaved ivy, or five-finger, is a species of flowering vine in the grape family, Vitaceae. It is native to eastern and central North America, from southeastern Canada and the eastern United States west to Manitoba and Utah, and south to eastern Mexico and Guatemala.

Etymology

"Parthenocissus" is derived from Greek and means "virgin ivy".[2] "Quinquefolia" means "five-leaved". "Quinque" – "five" and "folia" – "foliage", "leaves".[2]

Names

The name "Virginia creeper", referring to one of its native locations, is also used for the whole genus Parthenocissus, and for other species within the genus. The name Parthenocissus is from the Greek literally meaning "virgin ivy", and may derive from the common English name of this species.[3] It is not closely related to the true ivy, Hedera. The specific epithet quinquefolia means "five-leaved", referring to the leaflets on each compound (palmate) leaf.[4]

This plant is also known in North America as woodbine,[5] although woodbine can refer to other plant species.

Description

Leaves

Parthenocissus quinquefolia is a prolific deciduous climber, reaching heights of 20–30 m (70–100 ft) in the wild. It climbs smooth surfaces using small forked tendrils tipped with small strongly adhesive pads 5 mm (316 in) in size.[6]

Leaves

The leaves are palmately compound, composed of five leaflets (rarely three leaflets, particularly on younger vines, and sometimes seven) joined from a central point on the leafstalk, and range from 3 to 20 cm (1 to 8 in) (rarely to 30 cm or 12 in) across. The leaflets have a toothed margin. Seedlings have heart-shaped cotyledon leaves. The species is often confused with P. vitacea or "False Virginia creeper", which has the same leaves, but does not have the adhesive pads at the end of its tendrils.

It is sometimes mistaken for Toxicodendron radicans (poison ivy), despite having five leaflets (poison ivy has three).[7] While the leaves of P. quinquefolia do not produce urushiol, the sap within the leaves and stem contains raphides (needle-shaped crystals of calcium oxalate) which can puncture the skin causing irritation and blisters in sensitive people.[8]

The leaves sometimes turn a decorative bright red in the fall.

Flowers and berries

The flowers are small and greenish, produced in inconspicuous clusters in late spring, and mature in late summer or early fall into small hard purplish-black berries 5 to 7 mm (316 to 14 in) diameter. These berries contain toxic amounts of oxalic acid and have been known to cause kidney damage and death to humans.[9][10][8] The berries are not toxic to birds and provide an important winter food source for many bird species.

Cultivation and uses

Climbing roots with adhesive pads, which are absent in P. vitacea

Parthenocissus quinquefolia is grown as an ornamental plant, because of its ability to rapidly cover walls and buildings, and its deep red to burgundy fall (autumn) foliage.[11] It can easily be propagated by stem cuttings taken in spring.[12]

It is frequently seen covering telephone poles or trees. It may kill other plants it covers by shading its support and thus limiting the supporting plants' ability to photosynthesize. With its aggressive growth, it can overburden slower-growing understory trees with its weight, damaging them. Its ability to propagate via its extensive root system makes it difficult to eradicate.[13][14]

In the UK, this plant is listed on Schedule 9 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 as an invasive non-native species. While this does not prevent it from being sold in the UK, or from being grown in gardens, the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) encourages those that do grow it to take great care with managing it and with disposing of unwanted material. The RHS also encourages gardeners to find alternative plants to grow to those listed on Schedule 9.[15]

Parthenocissus quinquefolia can be used as a shading vine for buildings on masonry walls. Because the vine, like its relative P. tricuspidata (Boston ivy), adheres to the surface by disks rather than penetrating roots, it does not harm the masonry but will keep a building cooler by shading the wall surface during the summer. As with ivy, ripping the plant from the wall will leave the adhesive disks behind. If the plant clings to fragile surfaces it can first be killed by severing the vine from the root. The adhesive pads will then eventually deteriorate and release their grip.

The plant should be trimmed regularly to keep it from growing into areas where it is not wanted. If allowed to penetrate into the wall of a frame house, it will grow upward within the wall until it finds a place to emerge. The roots can penetrate a rock foundation and grow into the basement of an old house, extending long distances in search of moisture, and growing into floor cracks or drains.[16][17]

See also

  • Vine, general article on climbing plants
  • Thicket Creeper or False Virginia creeper (P. inserta or P. vitacea)
  • Boston Ivy or Japanese creeper (P. tricuspidata, or Ampelopsis veitchii)

Gallery

References

  1. ^ "Virginia Creeper Ampelopsis hederacea Parthenocissus quinquefolia". Gardenvisit.com. Retrieved May 3, 2013.
  2. ^ a b Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521866453 (hardback), ISBN 9780521685535 (paperback). pp 292, 324
  3. ^ Coombes, Allen J. (2012). The A to Z of plant names. USA: Timber Press. pp. 312. ISBN 9781604691962.
  4. ^ Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. p. 224. ISBN 9781845337315.
  5. ^ Kenny, Hamill (1945). West Virginia Place Names: Their Origin and Meaning, Including the Nomenclature of the Streams and Mountains. Piedmont, WV: The Place Name Press. p. 690.
  6. ^ "USDA Plants Database: Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. Virginia creeper". United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  7. ^ Beach, Chandler B., ed. (1914). "Virginia Creeper" . The New Student's Reference Work . Chicago: F. E. Compton and Co.
  8. ^ a b "Plant Guide: VIRGINIA CREEPER Parthenocissus quinquefolia" (PDF). United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  9. ^ Tull, Delena (2013). Edible and useful plants of the Southwest (Revised ed.). pp. 184–185. ISBN 978-0292748279.
  10. ^ "FDA Poisonous Plant Database". Food and Drug Administration. Archived from the original on September 11, 2014. Retrieved October 15, 2016.
  11. ^ "Virginia Creeper, Parthenocissus quinquefolia". Wisconsin Horticulture.
  12. ^ How to Grow and Care for Virginia Creeper The Spruce
  13. ^ Tilton, Lois (March 13, 2013). "The Invaders: Virginia Creeper". www.davesgarden.com. Retrieved 2021-09-25.
  14. ^ "Virginia Creeper: Ornamental or Nuisance?". Anoka County Master Gardeners. Retrieved 2021-09-25.
  15. ^ "Invasive non-native plants". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  16. ^ "Facade Greening: Damage caused by Ivy and other Climbing Plants to Buildings". www.fassadengruen.de.
  17. ^ "Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia Creeper)". Gardenia.net.

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia: Brief Summary

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia, known as Virginia creeper, Victoria creeper, five-leaved ivy, or five-finger, is a species of flowering vine in the grape family, Vitaceae. It is native to eastern and central North America, from southeastern Canada and the eastern United States west to Manitoba and Utah, and south to eastern Mexico and Guatemala.

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia ( Spanish; Castilian )

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 src=
Hojas
 src=
Detalle de un disco adhesivo
 src=
Inflorescencia en antesis
 src=
Frutos in situ

Parthenocissus quinquefolia comúnmente conocida como parra virgen, viña virgen o enredadera de Virginia, es una especie de planta trepadora del género Parthenocissus de la familia Vitaceae nativa del este y centro de Estados Unidos, sudeste de Canadá y este de México. En Cuba se llama bejuco ubí macho.[1]

Descripción

Es una planta leñosa trepadora de hojas caducas, con numerosos zarcillos que en sus extremos cuentan con pequeños discos adhesivos. Las hojas son alternas, compuestas y están formadas por 5 foliolos peciolados, de contorno elíptico u obovados y margen aserrado. Flores dispuestas en panículas opuestas a las hojas, muy pequeñas, de pétalos verdes. Los frutos son pequeñas bayas de no más de 6 mm, de color azulado oscuro tendiendo a negro. (Molina Holgado, P. et al). Estos son tóxicos por su contenido en ácido oxálico aunque no es probable su consumo por su mal sabor (Francis, J. K.).

Cultivos y usos

Es una planta de uso ornamental empleada para recubrir fachadas. Al igual que Parthenocissus tricuspidata sus hojas pasan del verde oscuro en verano a un intenso color rojo en otoño hasta que se desprenden de las ramas a medida que avanza este.

Los nativos estadounidenses la usan como medicina herbal para diarrea, dificultad urinaria.

Ecología

La planta es el alimento de las orugas de las polillas Eudryas grata y Phalaenoides glycinae.

Taxonomía

Parthenocissus quinquefolia fue descrita primero por Carlos Linneo como Hedera quinquefolia y publicada enSpecies Plantarum, vol. 1, p. 202[1], y posteriormente atribuido al género de nueve creación Parthecissus por Jules Émile Planchon y publicado en Monographiae Phanerogamarum, vol. 5(2), p. 448[2], en el año 1887.[2]

Taxones infraespecíficos aceptados
Sinonimia
  • Ampelocissus cirrhata Voss
  • Ampelocissus major Voss
  • Ampelopsis hederacea DC.
  • Ampelopsis hederacea var. dumetorum Focke
  • Ampelopsis hederacea var. murorum Focke
  • Ampelopsis heptaphylla Buckley
  • Ampelopsis himalayana Dippel
  • Ampelopsis hirsuta (Pursh) Donn ex Schult.
  • Ampelopsis latifolia Tausch
  • Ampelopsis quinquefoli Michx.
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. angustifolia Dippel
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. dumetorum Rehder
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. graebneri Rehder
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. heptaphylla A.Gray
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. hirsuta (Pursh) Torr. & A.Gray
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia var.laciniata A.Gray
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. latifolia Dippel
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. murorum Rehder
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. pubescens L.H.Bailey
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. radicantissima Rehder
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia var. spaethii (Koehne & Graebn.) Schelle
  • Ampelopsis radicantissima var. graebneri (Bolle) Schelle
  • Ampelopsis radicantissima var. saint-paulii (Koehne & Graebn.) Schelle
  • Ampelopsis roylei Dippel
  • Ampelopsis saint-paulii (Rehder) Rehder
  • Ampelopsis virginiana Dippel
  • Cissus hederacea Pers.
  • Cissus hirsuta Steud.
  • Cissus quinquefolia Desf.
  • Cissus quinquefolia (L.) Borkh.
  • Hedera carnosa W.Bartram
  • Hedera quinquefolia L.
  • Parthenocissus dumetorum (Focke) Rehder
  • Parthenocissus engelmannii Koehne & Graebn.
  • Parthenocissus heptaphylla (Buckley) Britton ex Small
  • Parthenocissus quinquefolia f. engelmannii (Koehne & Graebn.) Rehder
  • Parthenocissus quinquefolia var. murorum (Focke) Rehder
  • Psedera heptaphylla (Buckley) Rehder
  • Psedera quinquefolia (L.) Greene
  • Psedera quinquefolia var. murorum (Focke) Rehder
  • Quinaria hederacea Raf. nom. illeg.
  • Quinaria quinquefolia (L.) Koehne
  • Vitis hederacea Ehrh.
  • Vitis quinquefolia (L.) Lam.[3]

Referencias

  1. Colmeiro, Miguel: «Diccionario de los diversos nombres vulgares de muchas plantas usuales ó notables del antiguo y nuevo mundo», Madrid, 1871.
  2. Parthenocissus quinquefolia en Trópicos
  3. Parthenocissus quinquefolia en The Plant List, vers. 1.1, 2013

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES
 src= Hojas  src= Detalle de un disco adhesivo  src= Inflorescencia en antesis  src= Frutos in situ

Parthenocissus quinquefolia comúnmente conocida como parra virgen, viña virgen o enredadera de Virginia, es una especie de planta trepadora del género Parthenocissus de la familia Vitaceae nativa del este y centro de Estados Unidos, sudeste de Canadá y este de México. En Cuba se llama bejuco ubí macho.​

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Imukärhivilliviini ( Finnish )

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Imukärhivilliviini (Parthenocissus quinquefolia ’Engelmannii’) on villiviineihin kuuluva köynnöskasvi. Se kiipeää seiniä pitkin omin avuin kärhissä olevien tarttumalevyjen avulla. Verso ja silmut ovat keväällä punaiset, toisin kuin säleikkövilliviinillä, jolla ne ovat vihreät. Imukärhivilliviini sietää hyvin alasleikkausta. Lajike 'Engelmannii' on ainoa Suomessa viljeltävä.

 src=
Parthenocissus quinquefolia ’Engelmannii’

Lähteet

  • Pentti Alanko, Pirkko Kahila: Köynnöskasvit. Tammi 2003. s. 130–131.

Aiheesta muualla

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Imukärhivilliviini: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

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Imukärhivilliviini (Parthenocissus quinquefolia ’Engelmannii’) on villiviineihin kuuluva köynnöskasvi. Se kiipeää seiniä pitkin omin avuin kärhissä olevien tarttumalevyjen avulla. Verso ja silmut ovat keväällä punaiset, toisin kuin säleikkövilliviinillä, jolla ne ovat vihreät. Imukärhivilliviini sietää hyvin alasleikkausta. Lajike 'Engelmannii' on ainoa Suomessa viljeltävä.

 src= Parthenocissus quinquefolia ’Engelmannii’
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Parthenocissus quinquefolia ( French )

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La vigne vierge vraie, vigne vierge à cinq folioles ou vigne vierge de Virginie (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) est un arbuste sarmenteux de la famille des vitacées, originaire d'Amérique du Nord et cultivé très largement comme plante grimpante ornementale pour son feuillage décoratif qui prend une belle teinte rouge écarlate en automne.

Description

La vigne vierge vraie est un arbuste grimpant (liane) à tiges robustes, très vigoureux, pouvant atteindre 20 m de haut. Les jeunes pousses sont rougeâtres.

Ses feuilles caduques sont composées digitées à cinq (parfois de trois ou sept) folioles elliptiques de 5 à 14 cm de long, acuminées, à bords à longues dents mucronées. De couleur vert-gris, elles virent à l'écarlate en automne.

À l’opposé du point d’insertion de la feuille sur la tige se trouvent soit une vrille soit une inflorescence. Chaque vrille a de 7 à 8 ramifications qui jeunes se recourbent à l'apex pour former un petit crochet. Au contact d'une surface celui-ci peut ensuite donner une pelote adhésive libérant des substances adhésives[1].

Les fleurs sont groupées en racèmes de cymes bipares. Elles sont formées d’un calice entier, de 5 pétales libres, 5 étamines opposées aux pétales et d’un ovaire conique. La floraison a lieu en juin-juillet.

Les fruits sont des baies de 6-12 mm de diamètre, de couleur bleu noir, légèrement pruiné. Elles contiennent de l'acide oxalique qui est un composé toxique pour les mammifères mais n'empêche pas les oiseaux (comme les étourneaux) de les consommer l'hiver.

Propriétés

La littérature et les centres antipoison ne signalent pas d'intoxications graves mais des irritations buccales et des troubles digestifs consécutifs à l'ingestion de faibles quantités de baies. Leur consommation en grandes quantités (probablement plusieurs dizaines de fruits) entrainerait des troubles neurologiques et des atteintes rénales. Ces plantes contiennent de l'oxalate de calcium, qui semble être la cause de leur toxicité. Ce sont donc des baies qu'il faut considérer comme toxiques tout en sachant bien qu'elles occasionnent rarement des accidents graves, les quantités ingérées sont, en effet, le plus souvent faibles en raison de leur âcreté.

Écologie

Elle pousse dans son aire de répartition dans la plupart des sols humides. En forêt, elle grimpe dans les arbres.

C'est une espèce originaire d'Amérique du Nord (Canada, États-Unis, Mexique) et Guatemala, en deux zones, au nord-est du Québec au Minnesota, et au sud-est de la Floride au Mexique. Elle s'est naturalisée dans divers pays comme la France et l'Angleterre.

Elle est cultivée dans de nombreux pays du monde de la zone tempérée où elle est parfois, comme en Suisse, considérée comme une plante invasive interdite de culture. Elle résiste l'hiver à des températures descendant jusqu'à −25 °C.

Principales variétés cultivées

  • engelmannii, à feuillage plus fin que le type, feuilles lancéolées.
  • murorum, feuilles plus larges que le type, plus vigoureuses ; vrilles à 8-12 ramifications.
  • hirsuta, jeunes feuilles rouges pubescentes.

Synonymes

Synonymes (d’après SITI) :

  • Ampelopsis latifolia Tausch
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia (L.) Michx.
  • Hedera quinquefolia L.
  • Parthenocissus hirsuta (Pursh) Graebn.
  • Parthenocissus inserta (Kerner) Fritsch
  • Psedera quinquefolia (L.) Greene
  • Vitis inserta Kerner
  • Vitis quinquefolia (L.) Lam.
  • Parthenocissus quinquefolia var. murorum (Focke) Rehd.
  • Ampelopsis hederacea var. murorum Focke
  • Parthenocissus quinquefolia var. hirsuta (Pursh) Planch.
  • Parthenocissus quinquefolia var. saintpaulii (Koehne ex Graebn.) Rehd.
  • Psedera quinquefolia var. murorum (Focke) Rehd.

Espèces voisines

Elle est de plus en plus utilisée pour le reboisement de la bande riveraine des cours d'eau puisqu'elle est robuste et qu'elle permet de recouvrir des murets de ciment ou de pierre. Elle est également appréciée pour son aspect esthétique. De plus, elle est capable de résister aux invasions de sauterelles courantes à la fin du printemps.

Utilisations

Elle est utilisée comme plante ornementale pour verdir les murs. Elle contribue à la régulation thermique des bâtiments[2].

Références

  1. composés pectiniques et rhamnogalacturonane I-réactifs(en) Bowling, A. J., Vaughn, K. C., « Structural and immunocytochemical characterization of the adhesive tendril of Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia [L.] Planch.) », Protoplasma, vol. 232, nos 3-4,‎ 2008, p. 153-163
  2. Nathalie MACHON et Danielle MACHON, À La cueillette des plantes sauvages utiles, Paris, Dunod, coll. « L'amateur de nature », 2013, 192 p. (ISBN 978-2-10-057794-1), p. 92

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia: Brief Summary ( French )

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La vigne vierge vraie, vigne vierge à cinq folioles ou vigne vierge de Virginie (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) est un arbuste sarmenteux de la famille des vitacées, originaire d'Amérique du Nord et cultivé très largement comme plante grimpante ornementale pour son feuillage décoratif qui prend une belle teinte rouge écarlate en automne.

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Athair Virginia ( Irish )

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Dhá shaghas dreapairí duillsilteacha, cosúil le teannóga, a iompraíonn meatháin, bláthanna bídeacha glasa, is duilliúr glédhearg sa bhfómhar. Saothraítear an dá cheann ar fud an Domhain mar phlandaí maisiúcháin. An ceann atá dúchasach d'oirthuaisceart Mheiriceá, tá duilleoga bosacha le 5 dhuilleoigín biorach aige. An dara ceann atá dúchasach don tSín is an tSeapáin, duilleoga trímhaothánacha atá aige.

 src=
Tá an t-alt seo bunaithe ar ábhar as Fréamh an Eolais, ciclipéid eolaíochta agus teicneolaíochta leis an Ollamh Matthew Hussey, foilsithe ag Coiscéim sa bhliain 2011. Tá comhluadar na Vicipéide go mór faoi chomaoin acu beirt as ucht cead a thabhairt an t-ábhar ón leabhar a roinnt linn go léir.
 src=
Is síol é an t-alt seo. Cuir leis, chun cuidiú leis an Vicipéid.
Má tá alt níos forbartha le fáil i dteanga eile, is féidir leat aistriúchán Gaeilge a dhéanamh.


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Údair agus eagarthóirí Vicipéid
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Parra virxe ( Galician )

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A parra virxe ou videira virxe (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) é unha planta rubideira de follas caducifolias moi empregada en xardíns como ornamental, especialmente para cubrir muros ou fachadas das casas. As follas son verdes e compostas, porén se tornan dun vermello intenso no outono para despois caer. Gabea con facilidade polos muros, aganchándose grazas aos gabiáns especiais que posúe, cunha especie de ventosas no extremo.

Galería de imaxes

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Parra virxe: Brief Summary ( Galician )

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A parra virxe ou videira virxe (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) é unha planta rubideira de follas caducifolias moi empregada en xardíns como ornamental, especialmente para cubrir muros ou fachadas das casas. As follas son verdes e compostas, porén se tornan dun vermello intenso no outono para despois caer. Gabea con facilidade polos muros, aganchándose grazas aos gabiáns especiais que posúe, cunha especie de ventosas no extremo.

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Petolisna lozika ( Croatian )

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Petolisna lozika (peterolističava lozica, petolista lozika, divlja loza, peterodijelna lozika, lat. Parthenocissus quinquefolia) biljka je penjačica porijeklom iz Sjeverne Amerike. U Hrvatskoj raste uz rijeke te po zapuštenim mjestima.Koristi se i u hortikulturi. Pripada rodu lozica ili lozika, porodica lozovke.

Primjena u narodnoj medicini

Tradicionalni iscjelitelji u Sjevernoj Americi koriste za ljekovite svrhe svježe plodove peterolisne loze. Na njihovoj osnovi pripremaju mješavine koje se koriste za bolove u želucu i za čišćenje krvi. Također se koriste grančice biljke, od njih se priprema infuzija, koja se primjenjuje oralno kako bi se poboljšao imunitet, kao i za zaustavljanje krvarenja različitog podrijetla.[1]

Dodatna literatura

Grlić,Lj. Enciklopedija samoniklog jestivog bilja,Zagreb 1990.

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Petolisna lozika: Brief Summary ( Croatian )

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Petolisna lozika (peterolističava lozica, petolista lozika, divlja loza, peterodijelna lozika, lat. Parthenocissus quinquefolia) biljka je penjačica porijeklom iz Sjeverne Amerike. U Hrvatskoj raste uz rijeke te po zapuštenim mjestima.Koristi se i u hortikulturi. Pripada rodu lozica ili lozika, porodica lozovke.

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Lěsne wino ( Upper Sorbian )

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Lěsne wino (Parthenocissus quinquefolia, syn. Ampelopsis quinquefolia) je rostlina ze swójby winowych rostlinow (Vitaceae).

Wopis

Stejnišćo

Rozšěrjenje

Wužiwanje

Nóžki

  1. Pawoł Völkel: Prawopisny słownik hornjoserbskeje rěče. Hornjoserbsko-němski słownik. Ludowe nakładnistwo Domowina, Budyšin 2005, ISBN 3-7420-1920-1, str. 354.

Žórła

  • Brankačk, Jurij: Wobrazowy słownik hornjoserbskich rostlinskich mjenow na CD ROM. Rěčny centrum WITAJ, wudaće za serbske šule. Budyšin 2005.
  • Kubát, K. (Hlavní editor): Klíč ke květeně České republiky. Academia, Praha (2002)
  • Lajnert, Jan: Rostlinske mjena. Serbske. Němske. Łaćanske. Rjadowane po přirodnym systemje. Volk und Wissen Volkseigener Verlag Berlin (1954)
  • Rězak, Filip: Němsko-serbski wšowědny słownik hornjołužiskeje rěče. Donnerhak, Budyšin (1920)

Eksterne wotkazy

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Hlej wotpowědne dataje we Wikimedia Commons:
Selbstkletternde Jungfernrebe
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Lěsne wino: Brief Summary ( Upper Sorbian )

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Lěsne wino (Parthenocissus quinquefolia, syn. Ampelopsis quinquefolia) je rostlina ze swójby winowych rostlinow (Vitaceae).

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia ( Italian )

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La vite americana [Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch., 1887] è una pianta rampicante appartenente alla famiglia Vitaceae.[1] È molto simile alla vite canadese, con la quale viene a volte confusa.[2]

A volte il nome "vite americana" è utilizzato per indicare piante rampicanti di aspetto simile e tutte appartenenti alla famiglia delle Vitaceae come Vitis labrusca, Vitis rupestris, Vitis riparia e Vitis berlandieri.

Descrizione

 src=
Colorazione autunnale

I tralci hanno 5 o 8 braccia e hanno viticci terminanti con ventose, si adatta meglio a strutture di sostegno per i tralci. Le foglie sono pentalobate e al di sotto sono verdi biancastre, opache. I fiori da giugno a luglio sono invisibili e bianchi verdastri. A partire da settembre le bacche, grandi come piselli, sono cibo prelibato degli uccelli, che ne disperdono i semi. In autunno le foglie si colorano di rosso scarlatto. La vite americana ama un terreno ricco di nutrimento e prospera sia all'ombra che al sole.

Distribuzione

È diffusa come pianta ornamentale in tutto il mondo. È originaria del Nordamerica centrale ed orientale, in particolare delle zone sud-orientali del Canada, zone centrale ed orientali degli Stati Uniti, parte est del Messico e Guatemala, spingendosi ad ovest sino all'Ontario, Sud Dakota, Utah e Texas. molto diffusa in italia sia coltivata sia inselvatichita e infestante.

Coltivazione

La Parthenoscissus quinquefolia viene coltivata per la colorazione rossastra delle foglie che assume in autunno. La si può osservare frequentemente coprire un palo o arrampicarsi sul tronco di un albero. Se non controllata può uccidere la pianta che la supporta mettendola in ombra e così limitandone la capacità di realizzare la fotosintesi. Con la sua crescita veloce, diversi metri in un anno, è considerata infestante. Quando cresce nelle vicinanze di un edificio, aderisce ai muri così strettamente che a volte non può essere rimossa senza danneggiarne la superficie.

Proprietà medicinali

I popoli nativi dell'America del Nord utilizzavano questa pianta come rimedio medicinale per combattere la diarrea, risolvere difficoltà nell'urinare, trattare i gonfiori e le tumefazioni, e il trisma.

Galleria d'immagini

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch., su Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL consultato il 14 gennaio 2021.
  2. ^ Nonostante il nome la vite canadese è originaria della Cina nord-orientale.

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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La vite americana [Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch., 1887] è una pianta rampicante appartenente alla famiglia Vitaceae. È molto simile alla vite canadese, con la quale viene a volte confusa.

A volte il nome "vite americana" è utilizzato per indicare piante rampicanti di aspetto simile e tutte appartenenti alla famiglia delle Vitaceae come Vitis labrusca, Vitis rupestris, Vitis riparia e Vitis berlandieri.

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Penkialapis vynvytis ( Lithuanian )

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Penkialapis vynvytis (lot. Parthenocissus quinquefolia) – vynmedinių (Vitaceae) šeimos vijoklinis augalas, kilęs iš rytų ir centrinės Šiaurės Amerikos (nuo pietryčių Kanados iki rytų Gvatemalos). Auginamas daugelyje šalių.

Penkialapis vynvytis yra gajus vijoklinis augalas, laukinėje gamtoje pasiekiantis 20-30 m ilgį. Vyniojasi lygiais paviršiais naudodamasis nedideliais, šakotais ūseliais. Lapai sudėtiniai, pirštuoti, penkialapiai, iki 20-30 cm skersmens. Lapakraštis dantytas. Žiedai smulkūs, žalsvi, susitelkę į žiedynus, žydi vėlyvą pavasarį. Vasaros gale ar rudens pradžioje subrandina tamsiai mėlynas, kietas, 5-7 mm skersmens uogas, susitelkusias kekėse. Jose yra oksalo rūgšties, todėl uogų vartojimas gali sukelti pilvo skausmus. Tuo tarpu paukščiams tai svarbus maisto šaltinis.

Penkialapis vynvytis auginamas kaip dekoratyvinis augalas, juo apželdinamos pastatų sienos, sodų pavėsinės, tvoros ir kt. Rudenį lapai ryškiai parausta. Neprižiūrimas penkialapis vynvytis gali apkeroti medžius ir kitus augalus, elektros stulpus, statinius. Penkialapis vynvytis negadina apkerotų paviršių, mažina sienų įkaitimą vasarą. Norint pašalinti vinvytį nuo sienos reikia pirmiausia jį atkirsti nuo šaknų – išdžiuvęs jis lengvai nukris.

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Vijfbladige wingerd ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De vijfbladige wingerd (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) is een plant uit de wijnstokfamilie. De soort komt van nature voor in het oosten van Noord-Amerika.

Kenmerken

De vijfbladige wingerd is een krachtige klimplant die tot een hoogte van 20 à 30 meter kan groeien. Hij houdt zich aan gladde oppervlakken vast met vertakte uitlopertjes waaraan kleverige bolletjes zitten van ongeveer 5 mm. De bladeren zijn samengesteld en bestaan uit 5 blaadjes (een enkele keer 3 bij jongere planten) die aan een centraal punt op de steel vastzitten en van 3 tot 20 cm (een enkele keer zelfs tot 30 cm) groot zijn. De blaadjes hebben een gezaagde rand.

Groei

De bloemen zijn klein en groenachtig en bloeien, laat in de lente, in trosjes die, laat in de zomer of vroeg in de herfst, in harde paars-zwarte besjes veranderen van zo'n 5 tot 7 mm in doorsnede. Deze besjes bevatten oxaalzuur, maar dat zuur is nauwelijks giftig voor mensen en andere zoogdieren. De bessen vormen overigens voor vogels een belangrijke voedselbron.[1]

In tuinen en tegen muren

De vijfbladige wingerd wordt gekweekt als een sierplant voor zijn diep bordeauxrode bladeren in de herfst. Vaak groeit hij ook over andere bomen. Het enige nadeel dat de bomen hierbij zouden kunnen ondervinden is, dat de vijfbladige wingerd te veel schaduw veroorzaakt.

Net als de verwante oosterse wingerd (Parthenocissus tricuspidata) wordt de vijfbladige wingerd veel gekweekt als sier- en klimplant om de gevels van huizen te bedekken. De plant scheidt calciumcarbonaat af, wat als kleefstof dient, zodat hij zich aan een muur kan hechten zonder verdere ondersteuning. Hij dringt niet ín het oppervlak van gebouwen, maar hecht zich er alleen aan vast.[2]

Noten

  1. J. Meulenbelt, Behandeling van acute vergiftigingen: praktische richtlijnen, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, 1996, p. 408
  2. Matthias Scherge, Stanislav Gorb, Stanislav N. Gorb, Biological micro- and nanotribology: nature's solutions, Springer, 2001 p. 94

Externe links

Wikimedia Commons Zie de categorie Parthenocissus_quinquefolia van Wikimedia Commons voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.


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Vijfbladige wingerd: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De vijfbladige wingerd (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) is een plant uit de wijnstokfamilie. De soort komt van nature voor in het oosten van Noord-Amerika.

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Klatrevillvin ( Norwegian )

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Klatrevillvin (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) er en klatrende plante (lian) i villvin-slekten, med en hurtig, frodig vekstform. Barken er først rød og glatt, senere lysegrønn og til sist grå og furet. Knoppene er spredte, glatte og røde. Bladene er femkoblede med elliptiske småblader. Bladranden er grovt takket. Oversiden er blank og mørkegrønn, nesten læragtig, mens undersiden er lysegrønn og matt. Høstfarven er klart rød. Overfor hvert blad finnes en 5-8 grenet slyngtråd. Blomstene sitter samlet i endestillede topper. De er små og uanselige. Fruktene er ca. 6 mm store, blåsorte bær. Frøene modner nesten aldri i Skandinavia (sommeren er for kort).

Ca. fem underarter (varianter) er beskrevet.

Ikke-synlige trekk

Rotnettet består av kraftige hovedrøtter, som når langt ut og ned, og som er tett forgrenet. Planten klatrer ved hjelp av små skiver i spissen av slyngtrådene. Fruktene inneholder giftige mengder oksalsyre, Inntak kan føre til nyreskade og død[1].

Utbredelse

Villvinen gror i Allegheny-fjellene (Øst-USA), hvor den danner bunndekke og opptrer som lian i de blandede løvskogene.

Galleri

Kilder

Referanser

  1. ^ «FDA Poisonous Plant Database». www.accessdata.fda.gov. Besøkt 8. juli 2018.

Eksterne lenker

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Klatrevillvin: Brief Summary ( Norwegian )

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Klatrevillvin (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) er en klatrende plante (lian) i villvin-slekten, med en hurtig, frodig vekstform. Barken er først rød og glatt, senere lysegrønn og til sist grå og furet. Knoppene er spredte, glatte og røde. Bladene er femkoblede med elliptiske småblader. Bladranden er grovt takket. Oversiden er blank og mørkegrønn, nesten læragtig, mens undersiden er lysegrønn og matt. Høstfarven er klart rød. Overfor hvert blad finnes en 5-8 grenet slyngtråd. Blomstene sitter samlet i endestillede topper. De er små og uanselige. Fruktene er ca. 6 mm store, blåsorte bær. Frøene modner nesten aldri i Skandinavia (sommeren er for kort).

Ca. fem underarter (varianter) er beskrevet.

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Winobluszcz pięciolistkowy ( Polish )

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Winobluszcz pięciolistkowy (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), zwany też dzikim winem – gatunek silnie rosnącego pnącza ozdobnego z rodziny winoroślowatych. W stanie naturalnym występuje w Ameryce Północnej od Gwatemali na południu, poprzez Meksyk i Stany Zjednoczone po prowincje Ontario i Quebec w Kanadzie. Poza tym jest szeroko rozpowszechniony w uprawie i w wielu miejscach naturalizowany[3].

Morfologia

Pokrój
Wysokie pnącze (pokrywa podpory nawet do 20 m wysokości) samoczepne o młodych pędach zaczerwienionych. Z węzłów wyrastają wąsy czepne z 5 do 8 rozgałęzieniami zakończonymi przylgami.
Liście
Pięciolistkowe, zielone, od spodu szarozielone, jesienią zabarwiają się na czerwono. Poszczególne listki osiągają do 10 cm długości, są ząbkowane na brzegu i zwykle nagie.
Kwiaty
Drobne i niepozorne.
Owoce
Granatowe jagody o średnicy ok. 6 mm[4].
Podobne gatunki
Bywa często mylony z winobluszczem zaroślowym[4].

Zmienność

Odmiany[4]:

  • var. murorum Rehd. – odmiana murowa – listki krótsze i szersze. Mocniej przywiera do podpór – ma mocniejsze przylgi i wąsy z 8–12 rozgałęzieniami.
  • var. engelmanii Rehd. – odmiana Engelmanna – listki wąskie (do 3 cm szerokości). Jesienią liście brązowoczerwone.

Zastosowanie

Roślina uprawna
Winobluszcz pięciolistkowy jest najczęściej uprawianym gatunkiem winobluszczu. Jego zaletą jest duża mrozoodporność oraz odporność na zanieczyszczenia powietrza, przez co świetnie sprawdza się w miastach. Radzi sobie zarówno na stanowiskach słonecznych jak i zacienionych, a jego wymagania glebowe też nie są wygórowane. Intensywnie zielone liście jesienią przebarwiają się na czerwono, stanowiąc wspaniałą dekorację podpór lub ścian, po których wspinają się rośliny. Do odmian uprawnych należy m.in. 'Star Showers' o białopstrych liściach. Jej wzrost jest znacznie ograniczony, może wspinać się jedynie na wysokość 3-6 m. Wymaga też mniej nasłonecznionych stanowisk[potrzebny przypis]. Zbiór owoców jest pracochłonny ze względu na drobne rozmiary[5].
Medycyna naturalna
Wyciągi z kory, pędów i ziela (niezdrewniałych części) uznawane są za cenny surowiec leczniczy o działaniu przeciwzapalnym, ściągającym, antyseptycznym, żółciopędnym, przeciwkrwotocznym (hemostatycznym), hipotensyjnym (obniżającym ciśnienie krwi) i immunostymulującym[5].
Sztuka kulinarna
Owoce w postaci surowej są trujące.[potrzebny przypis] Z owoców zebranych latem i jesienią wyrabiano soki, wina, kompoty, powidła i konfitury[6]. Wyrób o nazwie „Pikantna konfitura z dzikiego wina” został wpisany 27 listopada 2014 na Krajową listę produktów tradycyjnych Ministerstwa Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi[6]. Przy wyrobie win poddaje się fermentacji zmiażdżone owoce wraz z pestkami[5].

Przypisy

  1. Stevens P.F.: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (ang.). 2001–. [dostęp 2012-02-01].
  2. a b Parthenocissus quinquefolia (ang.). W: The Plant List [on-line]. [dostęp 2012-02-01].
  3. Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. (ang.). W: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) [on-line]. United States Department of Agriculture. [dostęp 2012-02-21].
  4. a b c Włodzimierz Seneta: Dendrologia. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwa Naukowe PWN, 1991, s. 198. ISBN 83-01-07011-0.
  5. a b c Henryk Różański: Liść winogronowy – Folium Vitis viniferae (winorośli) raz jeszcze. Trochę o winobluszczu–Parthenocissus = Ampelopsis.. [dostęp 2017-09-23].
  6. a b Pikantna konfitura z dzikiego wina. W: Lista produktów tradycyjnych (woj. łódzkie) [on-line]. Ministerstwo Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi. [dostęp 2017-09-23].
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Winobluszcz pięciolistkowy: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Winobluszcz pięciolistkowy (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), zwany też dzikim winem – gatunek silnie rosnącego pnącza ozdobnego z rodziny winoroślowatych. W stanie naturalnym występuje w Ameryce Północnej od Gwatemali na południu, poprzez Meksyk i Stany Zjednoczone po prowincje Ontario i Quebec w Kanadzie. Poza tym jest szeroko rozpowszechniony w uprawie i w wielu miejscach naturalizowany.

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia ( Portuguese )

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 src=
Gavinhas com almofadas adesivas de Parthenocissus quinquefolia.

Parthenocissus quinquefolia é uma espécie de plantas com flor trepadora da família Vitaceae, nativa da região centro-leste da América do Norte, desde o sueste do Canadá e o leste do Estados Unidos para oeste até Manitoba e Utah, e para sul até ao leste do México e Guatemala.

Descrição

O nome genérico "Parthenocissus" é derivado do grego e significa "hera-virgem",[2][3] enquanto o epíteto específico "quinquefolia" significa "com cinco folhas" (do latim "quinque" – "cinco" e "folia" – "folhagem", "folhas"),[2] uma referência aos cinco folíolos das suas folhas palmadas.[4] A espécie é conhecida pelos nomes comuns de vinha-virgem ou vinha-da-virgínia (em inglês na sua região de distribuição natural é conhecida por woodbine).[5]

Parthenocissus quinquefolia é uma prolífica trepadeira lenhosa, decídua, que atinge alturas de 20 a 30 m quando encontra um suporte adequado. A espécie é capaz de escalar superfícies lisas usando pequenas gavinhas bifurcadas com pequenas almofadas fortemente adesivas com cerca de 5 mm de diâmetro.

As folhas são compostas, palmadas, com cinco folíolos (raramente três folíolos, particularmente em videiras mais jovens, e às vezes sete), unidos a partir de um ponto central no pedúnculo da folha, variando de 3 a 20 cm de comprimento (raramente com até 30 cm). Os folíolos têm margem dentada. A espécie é frequentemente confundida com Parthenocissus vitacea, que possui folhas similares, mas não apresenta as almofadas adesivas nas extremidades das gavinhas.

Na sua região nativa a espécie é por vezes confundida com Toxicodendron radicans (hera-venenosa), desta esoécie ter apenas três folíolos por folha e não os cinco da vinha-virgem.[carece de fontes?] Apesar das folhas de Parthenocissus quinquefolia serem desprovidas de urushiol (o tóxico presente na hera-venenosa), a seiva das folhas e caules contém ráfides (cristais de oxalato de cálcio em forma de agulha) que podem perfurar a pele e causar irritação e borbulhas em pessoas sensíveis.[6][7]

As folhas tendem a ficar com coloração vermelho brilhante no outono, o que torna a planta atractiva para usos ornamentais, especialmente como cobertura de muros e paredes de edifícios.

As flores são pequenas e esverdeadas, agrupadas em minúsculos cachos, quase imperceptíveis no final da primavera, que amadurecem no final do verão ou início do outono dando origem a pequenas bagas preto-arroxeadas, duras, com 5 a 7 mm de diâmetro. As bagas contêm quantidades tóxicas de ácido oxálico e são conhecidas por causar danos aos rins e potencialmente a morte em humanos quando ingeridas.[7][8][9] As bagas não são tóxicas para as aves e fornecem um importante fonte de alimento de inverno para muitas espécies de pássaros.

Cultivo e usos

Parthenocissus quinquefolia é cultivada como planta ornamental por causa de sua capacidade de cobrir paredes e edifícios rapidamente, e da sua folhagem de vermelha no outono.[10]

A espécie é frequentemente encontrada a recobrir árvores ou postes de telefone ou de elecricidade. Dada a sua densidade de folhas, pode matar as plantas que cobre ao sombrear excessivamente e assim limitar a capacidade das plantas de suporte de manter níveis adequados de fotossíntese. Com o seu crescimento agressivo, pode sobrecarregar árvores do sub-bosque que tenham crescimento mais lento com o seu peso, danificando-as. Sua capacidade de se propagar através de seu extenso sistema de raízes torna difícil a erradicação. Esta planta está listada como invasora em muitas regiões, sendo incentivados aqueles que a cultivam a tomarem muito cuidado com o maneio e com o descarte de material indesejado.

Parthenocissus quinquefolia pode ser usado como uma trepadeira de sombreamento para edifícios com paredes de alvenaria. Esta espécie, tal como a sua parente Parthenocissus tricuspidata, adere à superfície por discos em vez de emitir raízes penetrantes, não prejudicando assim a alvenaria, mantendo o edifício mais fresco ao sombrear a superfície da parede durante o verão. Tal como acontece com a hera, arrancar a planta da parede deixará os discos adesivos para trás. Se a planta se agarrar a superfícies frágeis, pode primeiro ser morta cortando a trepadeira na raiz. As almofadas adesivas irão eventualmente deteriorar-se e soltar-se. Esta planta deve ser aparada regularmente para evitar que cresça em áreas onde não é desejada. Se for permitido penetrar na parede de uma casa de madeira, ela crescerá para cima dentro da parede até encontrar um lugar para emergir.

As raízes podem penetrar em fundações de alvenaria de pedra e crescer sob o edifício, estendendo-se por longas distâncias em busca de humidade, podendo emergir e crescer ao longo de fissuras ou drenos.

Galeria

Referências

  1. «Virginia Creeper Ampelopsis hederacea Parthenocissus quinquefolia». Gardenvisit.com. Consultado em Maio 3, 2013
  2. a b Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521866453 (hardback), ISBN 9780521685535 (paperback). pp 292, 324
  3. Coombes, Allen J. (2012). . USA: Timber Press. pp. 312. ISBN 9781604691962
  4. Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. 224 páginas. ISBN 9781845337315
  5. Kenny, Hamill (1945). West Virginia Place Names: Their Origin and Meaning, Including the Nomenclature of the Streams and Mountains. Piedmont, WV: The Place Name Press. p. 690
  6. «USDA NRCS Plant Guide - Virginia Creeper» (PDF). Consultado em 8 julho 2014
  7. a b USDA. «United States Department of Agriculture Plant Guide: Virginia Creeper» (PDF). Accessdata.fda.gov. Consultado em 15 de outubro de 2016
  8. Earney, Delena Tull ; illustrations by Michael; Larke, Julia; Teague, Judy; Miller, Suzanne Rippe ; photographs by George Oxford (2013). Edible and useful plants of the Southwest : Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona : including recipes, teas and spices, natural dyes, medicinal uses, poisonous plants, fibers, basketry, and industrial uses Revised ed. [S.l.: s.n.] pp. 184–185. ISBN 978-0292748279
  9. «FDA Poisonous Plant Database». Accessdata.fda.gov. Consultado em outubro 15, 2016
  10. «RHS Plant Selector - Parthenocissus quinquefolia». Consultado em 25 de maio de 2013

Ver também

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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 src= Gavinhas com almofadas adesivas de Parthenocissus quinquefolia.

Parthenocissus quinquefolia é uma espécie de plantas com flor trepadora da família Vitaceae, nativa da região centro-leste da América do Norte, desde o sueste do Canadá e o leste do Estados Unidos para oeste até Manitoba e Utah, e para sul até ao leste do México e Guatemala.

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Viță canadiană ( Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan )

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Viță canadianăVirginia Creeper plant.jpgStare de conservareClasificare științificăSupradomeniu[*]BiotaSupraregn[*]EukaryotaRegnPlantaeSubregnViridiplantaeInfraregn[*]StreptophytaOrdinVitalesFamilieVitaceaeGenParthenocissusNume binomialParthenocissus quinquefolia
Planch.Modifică date / text Consultați documentația formatului

Parthenocissus quinquefolia, cunoscută sub numele de viță canadiană sau iederă canadiană, este o specie de plante cu flori din familia Vitaceae, a viței de vie. Este endemică⁠(d) în estul și centrul Americii de Nord, din sud-estul Canadei și estul Statelor Unite la vest de Manitoba și Utah, până în sudul și estul Mexicului și Guatemalei.

Nume

Numele din română provine de la una din zonele de proveniență. În engleză, i se spune „Virginia creeper” (în traducere liberă, „cățărător de Virginia”), cu referire la o altă regiune de proveniență, și se folosește în țările anglofone și pentru întreg genul Parthenocissus⁠(d), și alte specii din cadrul acestuia. Denumirea științifică Parthenocissus înseamnă în greacă „iederă virgină”, și este posibil să provină tocmai de la denumirea în engleză a speciei.[1] Deși i se aplică și denumirea populară de „iederă” sau „iederă canadiană”, ea nu este înrudită cu de adevărata iederă, din genul Hedera⁠(d). Adjectivul quinquefolia înseamnă „cu cinci frunze”, cu referire la frunzele palmate ale plantei.[2]

Descriere

Parthenocissus quinquefolia este o prolifică plantă agățătoare foioasă, ajungând la înălțimi de 20-30 m în sălbăticie. Se cațără pe suprafete netede folosind mici cârcei cu vârfuri foarte lipicioase, de 5 mm.

Frunzele

Frunzele sunt palmat compuse, formate din cinci frunzulițe (rareori trei, în special pe lăstarii tineri, și, uneori, șapte) unite într-un punct central pe vrej, și variază de la 3 la 20 de centimetri (rareori 30 de centimetri) diametru. Frunzulițele au muchia crestată. Specia este adesea confundată cu P. vitacea⁠(d), care are frunze similare, dar nu are vârfuri lipicioase pe cârcei.

Este uneori confundată și cu Toxicodendron radicans⁠(d) (iedera otravitoare), deși are cinci frunzulițe (față de trei, câte are iedera otrăvitoare).[3] Frunzele de P. quinquefolia nu produc urushiol, dar seva din frunze și tulpină conține Raphide⁠(d) (cristale în formă de ac, de oxalat de calciu⁠(d)), care pot străpunge pielea, producând iritații și vezicule la persoanele sensibile.[4][5]

Toamna, uneori frunzele capătă o culoare roșu intens.

Florile și fructele

Florile sunt mici și verzui, produs în inflorescențe discrete la sfârșitul primăverii, și se maturează vara târziu sau la începutul toamnei în niște bace mici și tari, violaceu-negre, de 5-7 mm diametru. Aceste fructe cantități toxice de acid oxalic și se știe că provoacă leziuni renale și moarte. [6][7] [8][5] Bacele nu sunt toxice pentru păsări și oferă o importantă sursă de hrană iarna pentru multe specii de păsări.

Cultivarea și utilizarea

 src=
Cârcei cu vârfuri adezive, absenți la P. vitacea⁠(d)

Parthenocissus quinquefolia este cultivată ca plantă ornamentală, datorită capacității ei de a acoperi rapid pereți și clădiri, și datorită roșului intens al frunzelor de toamnă.[9]

Este frecvent văzută acoperind stâlpii de telegraf sau copacii. Poate ucide alte plante se făcându-le umbră și limitându-le capacitatea de fotosinteză. Cu creșterea sa agresivă, poate împovăra excesiv cu greutatea ei lăstarii mai mici. Capacitatea sa de a se propaga prin intermediul sistemului extins de rădăcini o face dificil de eradicat.

Parthenocissus quinquefolia poate fi folosită pentru umbră pentru clădirile cu pereți zidiți. Pentru, la fel ca P. tricuspidata (iedera de Boston) înrudită, aderă la suprafață prin discuri, și nu prin rădăcini penetrante, ea nu dăunează zidăriei, și păstrează răcoarea în clădire pe timpul verii prin umbrirea zidurilor. Ca și iedera, extragerea plantelor din perete lasă în urmă discurile adezive. Dacă planta se agață de suprafețe fragile, ea poate fi omorâtă prin tăierea de la rădăcină. Discurile adezive se vor deteriora și apoi vor putea fi detașate.

Note

  1. ^ Coombes, Allen J. (2012). The A to Z of plant names. USA: Timber Press. p. 312. ISBN 9781604691962.
  2. ^ Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. p. 224. ISBN 9781845337315.
  3. ^ Format:Cite NSRW
  4. ^ „USDA NRCS Plant Guide - Virginia Creeper (PDF). Accesat în 8 iulie 2014.
  5. ^ a b USDA. „United States Department of Agriculture Plant Guide: Virginia Creeper” (PDF). Accessdata.fda.gov. Accesat în 15 octombrie 2016. Eroare la citare: Etichetă invalidă; numele "MyUser_Accessdata.fda.gov_October_15_2016d" este definit de mai multe ori cu conținut diferit
  6. ^ Earney, Delena Tull ; illustrations by Michael; Larke, Julia; Teague,, Judy; Miller, Suzanne Rippe ; photographs by George Oxford (2013). Edible and useful plants of the Southwest : Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona : including recipes, teas and spices, natural dyes, medicinal uses, poisonous plants, fibers, basketry, and industrial uses (ed. Revised edition.). pp. 184–185. ISBN 0292748272.
  7. ^ „Edible and Useful Plants of the Southwest: Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona - Delena Tull - Google Books”. Https:. |url= lipsă sau vid (ajutor); |access-date= necesită |url= (ajutor)Missing or empty |url= (help⁠(en)); |access-date= requires |url= (help⁠(en))
  8. ^ „FDA Poisonous Plant Database”. Accessdata.fda.gov. Accesat în 15 octombrie 2016.
  9. ^ „RHS Plant Selector - Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Accesat în 25 mai 2013.
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Viță canadiană: Brief Summary ( Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan )

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia, cunoscută sub numele de viță canadiană sau iederă canadiană, este o specie de plante cu flori din familia Vitaceae, a viței de vie. Este endemică⁠(d) în estul și centrul Americii de Nord, din sud-estul Canadei și estul Statelor Unite la vest de Manitoba și Utah, până în sudul și estul Mexicului și Guatemalei.

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Pavinič päťlistý ( Slovak )

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Pavinič päťlistý ako okrasná rastlina.

Pavinič päťlistý (staršie divý vinič päťlistý, ľudovo psie víno; lat. Parthenocissus quinquefolia) je lianovitá rastlina z čeľade viničovitých. Často sa využíva ako okrasná lianovitá rastlina na výzdobu múrov.

Alternatívne mená

  • Ampelopsis hederacea var. murorum Focke
  • Ampelopsis latifolia Tausch
  • Ampelopsis quinquefolia (L.) Michx.
  • Hedera quinquefolia L.
  • Parthenocissus hirsuta (Pursh) Graebn.
  • Psedera quinquefolia (L.) Greene
  • Psedera quinquefolia var. murorum (Focke) Rehd.
  • Vitis inserta Kerner
  • Vitis quinquefolia (L.) Lam.

Parthenocissus pubescens (Schltdl.) Graebn sa považuje buď za synonymum paviniča päťlistého alebo za samostatný druh pavinič popínavý.

Iné projekty

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Pavinič päťlistý: Brief Summary ( Slovak )

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 src= Pavinič päťlistý ako okrasná rastlina.

Pavinič päťlistý (staršie divý vinič päťlistý, ľudovo psie víno; lat. Parthenocissus quinquefolia) je lianovitá rastlina z čeľade viničovitých. Často sa využíva ako okrasná lianovitá rastlina na výzdobu múrov.

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Klättervildvin ( Swedish )

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 src=
Klättervildvin längs en mur på Supgränd i Ystad. 18 okt 2015.

Klättervildvin (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) är en klättrande växt inom vildvinsläktet och kommer ursprungligen från Nordamerika.

Växten är en skicklig klättrare och kan nå höjder uppemot 20–30 meter. Den kan klättra på släta ytor med hjälp av små sugkopar på klängena, som är ungefär 5 mm stora. Barken är först röd, blir senare ljust grön för att till slut bli gråaktig. Bladen är femfingrade och naggade.

Blommorna är små och grönaktiga, bildade i klungor under den sena våren. De mognar under sensommaren eller tidiga hösten till hårda lila-svarta bär som är 5–7 millimeter i diameter. Dessa bär innehåller oxalsyra, vilken är giftig för människor och andra däggdjur. Förgiftningar är dock ovanliga till följd av bärens motbjudande smak. Även om bären är giftiga för däggdjur är de en viktig vinterföda för fåglar. Oxalkristaller finns också i sav, och kan orsaka irritation och hudutslag.[1]

Källor

  1. ^ [1]

Se även

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Klättervildvin: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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 src= Klättervildvin längs en mur på Supgränd i Ystad. 18 okt 2015.

Klättervildvin (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) är en klättrande växt inom vildvinsläktet och kommer ursprungligen från Nordamerika.

Växten är en skicklig klättrare och kan nå höjder uppemot 20–30 meter. Den kan klättra på släta ytor med hjälp av små sugkopar på klängena, som är ungefär 5 mm stora. Barken är först röd, blir senare ljust grön för att till slut bli gråaktig. Bladen är femfingrade och naggade.

Blommorna är små och grönaktiga, bildade i klungor under den sena våren. De mognar under sensommaren eller tidiga hösten till hårda lila-svarta bär som är 5–7 millimeter i diameter. Dessa bär innehåller oxalsyra, vilken är giftig för människor och andra däggdjur. Förgiftningar är dock ovanliga till följd av bärens motbjudande smak. Även om bären är giftiga för däggdjur är de en viktig vinterföda för fåglar. Oxalkristaller finns också i sav, och kan orsaka irritation och hudutslag.

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia ( Vietnamese )

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia (dây leo Trinh đằng, Virginia creeper) là một loài thực vật hai lá mầm trong họ Nho. Loài này được (L.) Planch. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1887.[1]

Cũng giống như các cây leo Trinh đằng ba mũi có liên quan, nó được trồng rộng rãi như một loại cây cảnh leo để trang trải các mặt tiền của tòa nhà, sử dụng này là thực sự quan trọng về kinh tế bởi vì, theo che bức tường trong suốt mùa hè, nó có thể làm giảm đáng kể chi phí làm mát.

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Truy cập ngày 8 tháng 6 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến Bộ Nho này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Parthenocissus quinquefolia: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Parthenocissus quinquefolia (dây leo Trinh đằng, Virginia creeper) là một loài thực vật hai lá mầm trong họ Nho. Loài này được (L.) Planch. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1887.

Cũng giống như các cây leo Trinh đằng ba mũi có liên quan, nó được trồng rộng rãi như một loại cây cảnh leo để trang trải các mặt tiền của tòa nhà, sử dụng này là thực sự quan trọng về kinh tế bởi vì, theo che bức tường trong suốt mùa hè, nó có thể làm giảm đáng kể chi phí làm mát.

Deadwood With Virginia Creeper.jpg  src=

lá đổi màu vào mùa thu và kết trái

 src=

Leo lên cây lớn

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Девичий виноград пятилисточковый ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Царство: Растения
Подцарство: Зелёные растения
Отдел: Цветковые
Надпорядок: Rosanae
Семейство: Виноградовые
Вид: Девичий виноград пятилисточковый
Международное научное название

Parthenocissus quinquefolia Planch.

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ITIS 28602NCBI 3607EOL 582341GRIN t:26804IPNI 68399-1TPL kew-2548124

Де́вичий виногра́д пятилисто́чковый (лат. Parthenocíssus quinquefolia) — североамериканская древовидная листопадная лиана из рода Девичий виноград семейства Виноградовые.

Естественный ареал

Распространён на востоке и в центральных регионах Северной Америки: юго-восток Канады, восточные и центральные США, восток Мексики, Гватемала; на запад до Манитобы, Южной Дакоты, Юты и Техаса.

В качестве декоративного растения широко распространён по всему миру.

Ботаническое описание

 src=

Быстрорастущая лиана, в природе достигает 20—30 м. Молодые побеги красноватые, затем тёмно-зелёные. Растёт, поднимаясь по гладким поверхностям с помощью усиков с пятью — восемью разветвлениями, заканчивающихся липкой подушечкой (присоской) размером 5 мм.

Листья пальчатосложные из пяти, реже трёх (чаще у молодых побегов) листочков. Листочки черешчатые яйцевидные, прикреплены к одному центральному черешку. Верхушка листочка заострённая, края пильчатые. Листья сверху зелёные, тусклые; снизу — синевато-зелёные, опушённые. Осенью приобретают ярко-красный, багряный окрас на солнечной стороне и светло-желтый в тени.

Небольшие зеленоватые цветки собраны в верхушечные соцветия — сильно разветвлённые метёлки с чёткой центральной осью, на которой находятся от 80 до 150 цветков. Цветение поздней весной.

Тёмно-синие, почти чёрные плоды диаметром 5—7 мм созревают в конце лета или ранней осенью. Ягоды содержат щавелевую кислоту, несъедобны для человека, но являются пищей для птиц зимой.

От близкородственного вида — девичьего винограда прикреплённого (Parthenocissus vitacea) — отличается наличием присосок на конце усика.

Культивирование

Девичий виноград пятилисточковый культивируется по всему миру как декоративное растение для вертикального озеленения. Его наиболее известные садовые формы:

Engelmannii — от природной формы отличается более мелкими листиками, а также исключительной способностью приклеиваться усиками к объектам декорирования. Побеги красноватые, позднее тёмно-зелёные. Листья сложные, пальчатые, листочки в числе пяти штук, широколанцетные до 12 см длины и до 3 см ширины, тёмно-сизовато-зелёные, осенью карминово-фиолетовые. Черешки до 15 см длины, красноватые. Растёт быстро, до 1 м в год. Особенно декоративен осенью[3].

Murorum — настенный сорт с усиками, имеющими многочисленные разветвления с утолщёнными «присосками», позволяющими растению прикрепляться к отвесной гладкой поверхности; кроме того, эта форма гуще и равномернее покрывает объекты декорирования. Осенью её тёмно-зелёные листья приобретают багряную или пурпуровую окраску. Менее морозостойкий, чем основной вид[4].

Troki — сорт с крупными блестящими листьями.

Yellow Wall — крупные матовые зелёные листья летом становятся ярко-жёлтыми осенью.

Variegata — пестролистный сорт, отличающийся умеренным ростом. Листья мелкие, сложные, пальчатые, листочки в числе пяти штук, широкоэллиптические или широко обратнояйцевидные, пёстроокрашенные, белые с мраморным крапчатым рисунком, реже листья с зелёными штрихами и более или менее крупными пятнами[5].

Галерея

  •  src=

    Листья девичьего винограда пятилисточкового

  •  src=

    Древовидный ствол лианы

  •  src=

    Ягоды после опадения листьев осенью.

  •  src=

    Осенние краски (Южная Франция).

  •  src=

    Осенние краски (Австрия).

Примечания

  1. Об условности указания класса двудольных в качестве вышестоящего таксона для описываемой в данной статье группы растений см. раздел «Системы APG» статьи «Двудольные».
  2. В системе классификации APG III (2009). В Системе APG II (2003) порядок не установлен.
  3. Engelmannii Род партеноциссус (девичий виноград) — Parthenocissus Planch. (неопр.). Энциклопедия Кирилла и Мефодия. Проверено 13 мая 2017.
  4. Murorum Род партеноциссус (девичий виноград) — Parthenocissus Planch. (неопр.). Энциклопедия Кирилла и Мефодия. Проверено 13 мая 2017.
  5. Variegata Род партеноциссус (девичий виноград) — Parthenocissus Planch. (неопр.). Энциклопедия Кирилла и Мефодия. Проверено 13 мая 2017.
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Девичий виноград пятилисточковый: Brief Summary ( Russian )

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Де́вичий виногра́д пятилисто́чковый (лат. Parthenocíssus quinquefolia) — североамериканская древовидная листопадная лиана из рода Девичий виноград семейства Виноградовые.

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五叶地锦 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Parthenocissus quinquefolia
(L.) Planch.

五叶地锦学名Parthenocissus quinquefolia)为葡萄科地锦属的植物。分布于北美以及中国大陆华北东北等地,目前已由人工引种栽培。

别名

五叶爬山虎(《经济植物手册》)。

参考文献

  • 昆明植物研究所. 五叶地锦. 《中国高等植物数据库全库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-02-25]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).
 src= 维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:五叶地锦 小作品圖示这是一篇與植物相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。
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五叶地锦: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

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五叶地锦(学名:Parthenocissus quinquefolia)为葡萄科地锦属的植物。分布于北美以及中国大陆华北东北等地,目前已由人工引种栽培。

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