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Fraser's Sedge

Carex fraseriana Ker Gawl.

Brief Summary

provided by EOL authors

Frasier’s sedge, Cymophyllus fraserianus (also known as lily-leaf sedge) is a rare perennial grass in the sedge family (Cyperaceae).The only species in its genus, it is believed to be a relict of the Carex genus. Its morphology is unique as it is the only sedge that forms clumps of large, smooth evergreen blades with faint veins and no midvein. Unlike other sedges which are usually wind pollinated, Cymophyllus fraserianus has white showy flowers that are insect pollinated.

Frasier’s sedge is endemic to the moist shady mountain forest hillsides and stream banks in the Great Smoky Mountainsand southern Appalachianregion.Its state conservation status classifies it as critically imperiled in Pennsylvania, Kentucky, Maryland and Georgia and as vulnerable throughout the rest of its range. It is a poor seed disperser, and threatened by (deer) grazing and by loss of habitat due to development, all of which has caused its fragmentation into extremely small, genetically isolated populations at risk to genetic drift.

(Georgia DNR 2014; Godt et al. 2004; NatureServe 2014; Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program 2014; Wikipedia 2013)

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Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Cymophyllus fraseri (Andr.) Mackenzie, in Britt. & Brown, 111. Fl. ed. 2. 1: 441. 1913.
Carex Fraseri Andr. Bot. Repos. pi. 639. Je 1811. (Type from North Carolina.) Carex Fraseriana Ker, Bot. Mag. pi. 1391. Jl 1811. (Type from North Carolina.) " Mapania sylvatica Aublet" Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 47. 1814. (From the "Cherokee mountains.") Carex lagopus Muhl. Descr. Gram. 265. 1817. (Type from "Tygher-valley," West Virginia, erroneously given as being in Pennsylvania.) Olamblis Fraseri Raf. Good Book 26. 1840. (Based on Carex Fraseri Andr.) Rootstock very short-creeping, stout, tough, blackish, the culms erect, slender at first, 1.5-4.5 dm. high, elongating and becoming 4-6 dm. high, obscurely triangular, smooth, fibrillose and brownish at base and with about 4—6 bladeless overlapping striate sheaths covering the lower portion and concealing the solitary undeveloped leaf; sterile shoots none; leaves developing after flowering, one to a culm, the blade ver fiat, thick and coriaceous, light-green, without midrib, finely very many-striate, at times up to 6 dm. long, 2.5-5 cm. wide, obtusish or acutish, the margin undulate, minutely serrulate, infolded at base, without sheath or ligule; spike solitary, erect, 1.2-2.5 cm. long, bractless, androgynous, the upper half oblong, staminate, the oblong-obovate obtuse staminate scales milk-white, the midrib very faint; filaments orange-yellow, elongate; anthers linear-oblong, 2 mm. long, acute; pistillate portion of spike ovoid-globose, very dense, the perigynia 20-30, in many rows, ascending or soon spreading, the scales ovate-orbicular, obtuse to acute, half the length of the perigynia, the midvein very faint; perigynia elliptic-ovoid, inflated, compressed-orbicular in cross-section, 5-6 mm. long, 2.25-2.5 mm. wide, obscurely nerved, milk-white, very membranaceous, glabrous, shining, round-tapering at base, round-tapering above, the apex contracted into a very short-cylindric, slightly obliquely cut tip; achenes ovoid or obovoid, triangular, loosely enveloped in the lower two thirds of the perigynium, strongly stipitate, jointed with the slender, often fiexuous or bent, persistent style; stigmas three, short, thick, enlarged upward; rachilla setiform, white, half the length of the achene.
Type locality (of Carex Fraseri Andr. on which Cymophylhis Fraseri is based) : Table Mountain, and banks of Catawba River near Morgantown, North Carolina.
Distribution: Rich mountain woods, southwestern Virginia, West Virginia, eastern Tennessee, and western North and South Carolina. (Specimens examined from West Virginia, western Virginia, western North Carolina, western South Carolina, eastern Tennessee.)
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bibliographic citation
Kenneth Kent Mackenzie. 1931. (POALES); CYPERACEAE; CYPEREAE (pars). North American flora. vol 18(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Cymophyllus fraserianus ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Cymophyllus es un género monotípico de plantas herbáceas perteneciente a la familia de las ciperáceas. Su única especie, Cymophyllus fraserianus, es originaria de Estados Unidos.

Descripción

Tiene culmos de 20-40 cm. Las hojas, afiladas gradualmente en la base que se envuelve alrededor del tallo, finamente veteado de 50-90 con forma de cinta, 20-60 × 1,7-5 cm, margen finamente ondulado, de base cónica, ápice, ciliado-serrulado ampliamente agudo-redondeado. Inflorescencias un solo punto andrógino. Perigonio blanco, llegando a ser de color verdoso pálido en la madurez, elipsoide a elipsoide general, ± inflado, circular aplanado en sección transversal, 4.5 a 6.7 × 2.2-3 mm, membranaceos; pico corto. Estigmas gruesos, rígidos, finamente papillosos. Aquenios de color marrón oscuro, elípticos a circulares o ampliamente obovados a grandes rasgos, 2.4 a 3.2 × 1.6 a 2.5 mm.[1]

Taxonomía

Cymophyllus fraserianus fue descrita por (Ker Gawl.) Kartesz & Gandhi y publicado en Rhodora 93(874): 138. 1991.[2]

Sinonimia
  • Carex fraseri Andrews
  • Carex fraseriana Ker Gawl.
  • Carex lagopus Muhl.
  • Cymophyllus fraseri (Andrews) Mack.
  • Mapania sylvatica Pursh
  • Olamblis fraseri (Andrews) Raf.[3]

Referencias

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Cymophyllus fraserianus: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Cymophyllus es un género monotípico de plantas herbáceas perteneciente a la familia de las ciperáceas. Su única especie, Cymophyllus fraserianus, es originaria de Estados Unidos.

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