Pointed Gourd

Fruits cuits

Trichosanthes dioica^[1] és una liana dins la família Cucurbitàcia que és similar al cogombre, però, al contrari d'aquest, és una planta perenne. És una planta dioica amb les fulles amb forma de cor i es cultiva amb tutors. Els seus fruits són verds amb bandes blanques. Fa entre 5 a 15 cm. Presenta dormància a l'hivern.

Principalment es conrea a l'Índia (parval) i a Bangladesh (potol) on és un conreu bàsic.^[2]

Referències

Enllaços externs

• Article about parwal from Fort Valley State University College of Agriculture

परवल

परवल या 'पटल' एक प्रकार की सब्ज़ी है। इसकी लता जमीन पर पसरती है। इसकी खेती असम, बंगाल, ओड़िशा, बिहार एवं उत्तर प्रदेश में की जाती है। परवल को हिंदी में 'परवल', तमिल में 'कोवाककई' (Kovakkai), कन्नड़ में 'थोंड़े काई' (thonde kayi) और असमिया, संस्कृत, ओडिया और बंगाली में 'पोटोल' तथा भोजपुरी, उर्दू, और अवध भाषा में 'परोरा' के नाम से भी जाना जाता है।

इनके आकर छोटे और बड़े से लेकर मोटे और लम्बे में - 2 से 6 इंच (5 से 15 सेंटीमीटर) तक भिन्न हो सकते हैं। यह अच्छी तरह से साधारणतया गर्म और आर्द्र जलवायु के अन्दर पनपती है।

इन्हें भी देखें

• कुंदुरी

बाहरी कड़ियाँ

• परवल की खेती
• भरवां परवल (Stuffed Parwal Recipe) (निशा मधुलिका)
• परवल की खेती कर किसानों के लिए मिसाल बना विमल

Longitudinal section of Pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica)

Pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica) matured seeds

Cooked stuffed fruit

Trichosanthes dioica Roxb., also known as pointed gourd, is a tropical perennial cucurbit plant with its origin in the Indian subcontinent. It is also known as parwal, palwal, potol, or parmalin in different parts of India and Bangladesh. The plant propagated vegetatively and grows with training on a support system (e.g., trellis) as pencil-thick vines (creepers) with dark-green cordate (heart-shaped) simple leaves. It is a well-developed dioecious plants having distinct male and female flowers on staminate and pistillate plants, respectively. The fruits are green with white or no stripes' and have unpalatable seeds. Size can vary from small and round to thick and long — 2 to 6 inches (5 to 15 cm). It thrives well under a hot to moderately warm and humid climate. The plant remains dormant during the winter season and prefers fertile, well-drained sandy loam soil due to its susceptibility to water-logging.^[2][3]

India

Colloquially, in India, it is called parval or green potato. It is widely cultivated in the eastern and some northern parts of India, particularly in Northeastern Andhra, Odisha, Bengal, Assam, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh. It is used as an ingredient for soup, stew, curry, sweet, or eaten fried and as potoler dorma or dolma with fish, roe or meat stuffing. Parval is also used to make kalonji, a deep fried cuisine filled with spices.

Bangladesh and West Bengal

Pointed gourds (known as "potol") for sale in a market of West Bengal with other vegetables

Pointed gourds at Chanditala bazaar, in Hooghly.

Pointed gourd is provincially known as potol in both of these Bengali-speaking regions. It is a vital summer vegetable in Bangladesh and in West Bengal. It is cultivated and consumed in every part of Bangladesh and West Bengal. It is a perennial crop and sold at the end of October when there is a shortage of other alternative vegetables.^[4]

Nutrients

Almost every part of T. dioica is being used in the indigenous system of medicine. The fruit constituents are minerals (Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Copper, and Sulphur), vitamins, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, pentacyclic triterpenes, and other bioactive compounds have proven that the pointed gourd promising.^[5][6]

Pointed gourd is a good source of vitamins and minerals. It is a good source of carbohydrates, vitamin A, and vitamin C. It also contains major nutrients and trace elements (magnesium, potassium, copper, sulfur, and chlorine) which are needed in small quantities, for playing essential roles in human physiology. 9.0 mg Mg, 2.6 mg Na, 83.0 mg K, 1.1 mg Cu and 17 mg S per 100 g edible part.^[4]

In human culture

The fifteenth-century Hatha Yoga Pradipika 1.61-65 recommends Parwal as one of the foods suitable for yogins.^[7]

See also

• Gourd

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Trichosanthes dioica.

Trichosanthes dioica on kõrvitsaliste sugukonna madukurgi perekonna taimeliik.

Levik

Trichosanthes dioica on kultuurtaimena levinud Indias ja Bangladeshis.

Kasutamine inimeste poolt ja toimed

Ajurveedas kasutatakse lehti palavikualandaja, diureetikumi, südametoonikumi ja lahtistina ja haavandite vastu.

Taime kasutatakse epilepsia ravis, alopeetsia, mitme nahahaiguse ja diabeedi korral.

Antimikrobiaalne toime: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium smegmatis bakteritele.^[2]

Hariti & Rathee jt (1995) tõestasid Trichosanthes dioica seemneõli antibakteriaalset toimet põrnatõvebatsillile ja Xanthomonas malracearum 'ile.^[3]

Loomkatsetes (laborirottidega) on T. dioica 'st valmistatud erinevatel ekstraktidel maksa kaitsev ja kolesterooli ja põletikku alandav ja immunomodulleeriv toime.^[4]

Viited

Trichosanthes dioica graines mûres.

Trichosanthes dioica (patole) est une espèce de plantes dicotylédones de la famille des Cucurbitaceae, originaire du sous-continent indien et de Birmanie. C'est une plante herbacée vivace, dioïque, à port rampant ou grimpant. Les fruits sont des baies ovoïdes de 5 à 15 cm de long, de couleur verte, avec des bandes blanches longitudinales. Ils sont consommés comme légumes, notamment en Inde.

Liste des variétés

Selon Tropicos (26 février 2021)^[2] :

• Trichosanthes dioica var. sagittifolia Chakrav.

Notes et références