Vera Cruz Pepper

Piper auritum Kunth

are eaten by

• Global Biotic Interactions: Artibeus phaeotis (Miller 1902) (pygmy fruit-eating bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Calloconophora pinguis Fowler
• Global Biotic Interactions: Platyrrhinus helleri (Peters 1866) (Heller's Broad-nosed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Turdus grayi Bonaparte 1838 (Clay-colored Robin)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Sturnira parvidens Goldman 1917
• Global Biotic Interactions: Trogon collaris aurantiiventris Gould 1856
• Global Biotic Interactions: Sturnira hondurensis Goodwin 1940
• Global Biotic Interactions: Vampyriscus nymphaea (Thomas 1909) (striped yellow-eared bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Platyrrhinus helleri helleri (Peters 1866)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Psilorhinus morio (Wagler 1829) (Brown Jay)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Piculus rubiginosus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Artibeus watsoni Thomas 1901 (Thomas's fruit-eating bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia sowelli Baker, Solari & Hoffmann 2002 (Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia sowelli Baker, Solari & Hoffmann 2002 (Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia sowelli Baker, Solari & Hoffmann 2002 (Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia sowelli Baker, Solari & Hoffmann 2002 (Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Vampyressa thyone Thomas 1909 (Northern Little Yellow-eared Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Sturnira lilium (E. Geoffroy 1810) (Little Yellow-shouldered Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Hylocichla mustelina (Gmelin & JF 1789) (wood thrush)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Myadestes melanops Salvin 1865 (Black-faced Solitaire)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Pheucticus ludovicianus (Linnaeus 1766) (Rose-breasted Grosbeak)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Megarynchus pitangua (Linnaeus 1766) (Boat-billed Flycatcher)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Myiodynastes luteiventris Sclater & PL 1859 (Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Tityra semifasciata (Spix 1825) (Masked Tityra)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Icterus galbula (Linnaeus 1758) (Baltimore Oriole)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Manacus candei (Parzudaki 1841) (White-collared Manakin)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Atlapetes albinucha (Lafresnaye & d'Orbigny 1838) (White-naped Brush Finch)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Euphonia hirundinacea Bonaparte 1838 (Yellow-throated Euphonia)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Piranga rubra (Linnaeus 1758) (Summer Tanager)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Catharus ustulatus (Nuttall 1840) (Swainson's Thrush)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Patagioenas flavirostris (Wagler 1831) (Red-billed Pigeon)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Chlorospingus flavopectus (Lafresnaye 1840) (Common Bush Tanager)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Rhodobaenus stigmaticus Champion & G. C. 1910
• Global Biotic Interactions: Rhodobaenus stigmaticus Champion & G. C. 1910
• Global Biotic Interactions: Rhodobaenus stigmaticus Champion & G. C. 1910
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dacnis venusta Lawrence 1862 (Scarlet-thighed Dacnis)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phainoptila melanoxantha Salvin 1877 (Black-and-yellow Phainoptila)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Procnias tricarunculatus (Verreaux, J, Verreaux & E 1853) (Three-wattled Bellbird)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Chlorophonia callophrys (Cabanis 1861) (Golden-browed Chlorophonia)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Chiroxiphia linearis (Bonaparte 1838) (Long-tailed Manakin)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Turdus assimilis Cabanis 1851 (White-throated Robin)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Quadrus cerialis
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ramphastos sulfuratus Lesson & R 1830 (Keel-billed Toucan)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Mionectes oleagineus (Lichtenstein & Mhk 1823) (Ochre-bellied Flycatcher)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Myiozetetes similis (Spix 1825) (Social Flycatcher)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Mionectes olivaceus Lawrence 1868 (Olive-striped Flycatcher)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Semnornis frantzii (Sclater & PL 1864) (Prong-billed Barbet)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Melanerpes hoffmannii (Cabanis 1862) (Hoffmann's Woodpecker)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Dumetella carolinensis (Linnaeus 1766) (Gray Catbird)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Chamaepetes unicolor Salvin 1867 (Black Guan)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Thraupis episcopus (Linnaeus 1766) (Blue-gray Tanager)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Aulacorhynchus prasinus (Gould 1833) (Emerald Toucanet)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Pharomachrus mocinno La Llave 1832 (Magnificent Quetzal)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Ramphocelus passerinii Bonaparte 1831 (Passerini's Tanager)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Patagioenas fasciata (Say 1822) (Band-tailed Pigeon)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Turdus plebejus Cabanis 1861 (American Mountain Thrush)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Saltator maximus (Müller & Pls 1776) (Buff-throated Saltator)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Piper auritum Kunth (Vera cruz pepper)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Artibeus lituratus (Olfers 1818) (Great Fruit-eating Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Artibeus jamaicensis Leach 1821 (Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia castanea H. Allen 1890 (Chestnut Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia castanea H. Allen 1890 (Chestnut Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Artibeus lituratus (Olfers 1818) (Great Fruit-eating Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Glossophaga commissarisi Gardner 1962 (Commissaris's Long-tongued Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Artibeus jamaicensis Leach 1821 (Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Artibeus lituratus (Olfers 1818) (Great Fruit-eating Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Uroderma bilobatum Peters 1866 (Common Tent-making Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Chiroderma villosum Peters 1860 (Hairy Big-eyed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Artibeus lituratus (Olfers 1818) (Great Fruit-eating Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phylloderma stenops Peters 1865 (Pale-faced Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Glossophaga commissarisi Gardner 1962 (Commissaris's Long-tongued Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia castanea H. Allen 1890 (Chestnut Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Artibeus jamaicensis Leach 1821 (Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Hylonycteris underwoodi Thomas 1903 (Underwood's Long-tongued Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Vampyriscus nymphaea (Thomas 1909) (striped yellow-eared bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus 1758) (Seba's Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia brevicauda (Schinz 1821) (Colombian Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus 1758) (Seba's Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Phyllostomus discolor Wagner 1843 (Lesser Spear-nosed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Glossophaga soricina (Pallas 1766) (Pallas's Long-tongued Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus 1758) (Seba's Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Glossophaga commissarisi Gardner 1962 (Commissaris's Long-tongued Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia castanea H. Allen 1890 (Chestnut Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Glossophaga commissarisi Gardner 1962 (Commissaris's Long-tongued Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus 1758) (Seba's Short-tailed Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Artibeus jamaicensis Leach 1821 (Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Consul fabius Cramer 1779
• Global Biotic Interactions: Sturnira ludovici Anthony 1924 (highland yellow-shouldered bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Sturnira ludovici Anthony 1924 (highland yellow-shouldered bat)
• Global Biotic Interactions: Momotus momota (Linnaeus 1766) (Amazonian Motmot)