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Description

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Previously known as Hyla erythromma (Duellman 1970) and Ptychohyla erythromma (Campbell and Smith 1992). This species is lime-green dorsally, with a a white iris exhibiting reddish-brown reticulations. Other males examined in life displayed a more conspicuous gray to almost maroon mottling on the dorsum. Nares are edged with black or tan, and the dorsal surfaces of the digital discs are yellowish, but heavily covered with smoky gray. A tarsal fold is present. There are 10-20 enlarged white tubercles below the vent which extend along the proximal 1/2 - 3/4 of the ventrolateral surface of the thigh. Head is slightly wider than body, equally wide as is long. Head width and head length are 36% SVL. Lips moderately thick and slightly flared. Ventrolateral edge of forearm fringed with distinctly raised dermal ridge punctuated with enlarged tubercles. Width of the disc on third finger about equal to diameter of tympanum. Hind limbs moderately long and slender. Tibia length is 56% SVL. Several conical tubercles are present on foot. Toes are two-thirds webbed. Tadpoles. Thirty six tadpoles were collected. The following measurements are from specimens from Gosner (1960) Stages 25-37: total lengths of tadpoles ranged from 18.8 mm (Stage 25) to 37.9 (Stage 37), and the maximum body length ranged from 7.8 mm (Stage 25) to 12.5 mm (Stage 37). Mouth is ventral, eyes moderately small and directed dorsolaterally. Nostrils situated approximately two fifths distance from the eyes to the tip of the snout. One or two rows of small papillae border the periphery of the mouth, oral disc is bordered by two rows of papillae laterally and posteriorly; there are also 4 upper and 6 lower rows of labial denticles. In life, tadpoles are dark brown with whitish, lichen-like markings and with coppery flecks. The tadpole of Ptychohyla acrochorda (as Hyla erythromma) from the Sierra Juarez has been drawn in Duellman (1970 figs. 260D and 261B).

References

  • Campbell, J. A., and Duellman, W.E. (2000). ''New species of stream-breeding hylid frogs from the northern versant of the highlands of Oaxaca, Mexico.'' Scientific Papers of the Natural History Museum of the University of Kansas, 16, 1-28.
  • Campbell, J. A., and Smith, E.N. (1992). ''A new frog of the genus Ptychohyla (Hylidae) from the Sierra de Santa Cruz, Guatemala, and description of a new genus of Middle American stream-breeding treefrogs.'' Herpetologica, 48, 153-167.

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Distribution and Habitat

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Only known from the mesic forest of the Atlantic sloopes of Sierra Juarez. Has been collected from elevations ranging from 594 and 900 m along small streams flowing through the montane forests. The males have been caught at night as they sit perched on streamside vegetation. Tadpoles are present year round; this species may also be active year round. Campbell and Duellman (2000) state that "one has to practically be in the bushes with these froms to hear them" due to their very low vocalization. Duellman (1970) described the call to sound like a "single note, and call groups are repeated at intervals of about 30 to 50 seconds." The duration of a note was 0.62 seconds. There were 26 pulses, with a fundamental frequency at 87 Hz, and the dominant frequency at 2266 Hz.
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors

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Sexual dimorphism occurs in size, where males reach a maximum SVL of 36.3 mm and females reach 57.6 mm. Males in breeding condition develop a distinctive chest gland, dark nuptial pads consisting of several hundred tiny spines, and a call consisting of al ong, moderately low-pitched, slowly pulsed note. Males have 4-7 and females have 7-9 teeth on each process of the vomers.
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Quilticohyla acrochorda

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Quilticohyla acrochorda, commonly known as the warty mountain stream frog, is a species of frogs in the family Hylidae.[1][3] It is endemic to Mexico and known from the Atlantic slopes of the Sierra Juárez in Oaxaca.[3] Before being described as a new species in 2000, it was mixed with Ptychohyla erythromma.[2][3] The specific name acrochorda is a Greek word for "wart" and refers to the distinctive white warts on the posterior surface of the thigh of this frog.[2]

Description

Adult males measure 30–37 mm (1.2–1.5 in) and adult females 45–58 mm (1.8–2.3 in) in snout–vent length. The snout is rounded in dorsal view and truncate in profile. The supratympanic fold is thin but covers the upper edge of the tympanum. The forelimbs are moderately robust; the fingers are moderately long, have large discs, and are less than one-fourth webbed. The hind limbs are moderately long and slender. The toe discs are only slightly smaller than those on the fingers; the toes are about two-thirds webbed. The dorsal ground color is lime-green, grading into yellow-green on the sides. There is mottling that varies from brown, indistinct to more conspicuous gray or almost maroon. During the daytime, individuals sleeping on leaves have somewhat subdued turquoise-green dorsum.[2]

The largest tadpoles (Gosner stage 37) measure 12.5 mm (0.49 in) in body length and 37.9 mm (1.49 in) in total length.[2]

Habitat and conservation

Quilticohyla acrochorda occurs in mesic cloud forests at elevations of 594–900 m (1,949–2,953 ft) above sea level. Males call perched on branches or bushes along streams. The tadpoles develop in streams. The habitat of this species is threatened by habitat loss caused by small-scale farming and wood extraction; chytridiomycosis is also a potential threat.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Quilticohyla acrochorda". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T55908A53961746. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T55908A53961746.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e Campbell, Jonathan A. & Duellman, William Edward (2000). "New species of stream-breeding hylid frogs from the northern versant of the highlands of Oaxaca, Mexico". Scientific Papers. Natural History Museum, University of Kansas. 16: 1–28. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.16165.
  3. ^ a b c d Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Ptychohyla acrochorda Campbell and Duellman, 2000". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
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Quilticohyla acrochorda: Brief Summary

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Quilticohyla acrochorda, commonly known as the warty mountain stream frog, is a species of frogs in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Mexico and known from the Atlantic slopes of the Sierra Juárez in Oaxaca. Before being described as a new species in 2000, it was mixed with Ptychohyla erythromma. The specific name acrochorda is a Greek word for "wart" and refers to the distinctive white warts on the posterior surface of the thigh of this frog.

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