Pineland Yellow Eyed Grass

Xyris stricta forms a complex with X. ambigua and possibly arose as an independently breeding hybrid of X. ambigua and X. laxifolia within whose ranges it grows. I have labored since 1966 to determine its taxonomic status and at first believed it to be an extreme of X. ambigua with farinous seeds and smaller petals; then later I determined it to be a distinct species (X. obscura Kral, nom. nud.). Since then I have continued to make field observations and collections of the plant and have arrived at a different conclusion, allowing a more accurate and consistent taxonomy. On the one hand, the plant recently described as X. louisianica ranges to drier habitat than is usual for X. stricta and there commonly mingles with X. ambigua. But in character the plant overlaps most strongly with X. stricta, certainly in habit, pigmentation, leaf shape, bract and sepal character, corolla, and seed. The morphometrics are an indication that these plants have evolved in the Gulf Coastal Plain from X. stricta and are backcrossing with it.

Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 20--90(--100) cm. Stems compact. Leaves in narrow fans, 10--60 cm; sheaths smooth to papillate, base maroon; blade deep green with red or strong maroon tints, linear-tapering, flat, (2--)4--10 mm wide, smooth or papillate, margins smooth or minutely scabrous, smooth, or papillate. Inflorescences: scape sheaths much exceeded by leaves; scapes linear, distally oval to ancipital2-edged, 1.5--3 mm wide, 2--several-ribbed, ribs papillate or minutely scabrous; spikes ellipsoid to ovoid or cylindric, (10--)15--30 mm, apex blunt to acute; fertile bracts 5--7 mm, margins entire, apex slightly keeled, convex. Flowers: lateral sepals included, reddish brown, curved, 5--7 mm, keel firm, ciliate; petals unfolding in morning, blade obtriangular, 3--4 mm; staminodes bearded. Seeds mealy, cylindro-fusiform, 0.6--0.8 mm, lined longitudinally with papillae, less distinctly cross-lined. 2n = 18.

Xyris stricta, the pineland yelloweyed grass, is a North American species of flowering plants in the yellow-eyed-grass family. It grows on the coastal plain of the southern United States from the Carolinas to Texas.

Xyris stricta is a perennial herb with a stem up to 100 cm (40 inches) tall with long, narrow leaves up to 60 cm (5 feet) long but generally less than 10 mm (0.4 inches) wide.