Shrubby Russian Thistle

Salsola vermiculata

are host of

• Global Biotic Interactions: Peroneutypa kochiana (Rehm) Carmarán & A. I. Romero 2006
• Global Biotic Interactions: Uromyces salsolae Rabenh. 1871
• Global Biotic Interactions: Coleophora salsolella Chrétien 1915
• Global Biotic Interactions: Peroneutypa kochiana (Rehm) Carmarán & A. I. Romero 2006
• Global Biotic Interactions: Mesopolobus maculipennis (Mercet 1923)

are parasitized by

• Global Biotic Interactions: Microlycus scaurus Askew 2001
• Global Biotic Interactions: Pteromalus cionobius
• Global Biotic Interactions: Mesopolobus flaviclavatus
• Global Biotic Interactions: Parasecodes simulans Mercet 1924
• Global Biotic Interactions: Microterys rufulus (Mercet 1921)

introduced range includes

• Simpson et al 2020: The Contiguous United States