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Hobro, Jylland, Danmark (Dyrket)
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Svinkløv Klitplantage, Hanherred, Danmark
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Edwin Warner Park, Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee, US
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Wisconsin, United States
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Cystopteris utahensis Windham & Haufler. A Utah rare species, and at least moderately globally rare. This particular plant was pointed out during a field trip by the primary author of the taxon, i.e. by Dr. Michael Windham, formerly curator at the Garrett Herbarium at the University of Utah.C. utahensis is tetraploid. Both of its ancestral parents are diploid (C. bulbifera and C.reevesiana). C. bulbifera has (depending on time of year) larger bulbets on the abaxial leaf blades or stems whereas the abortive bulbets of C. utahensis are small and have long narrow scales that can make them look like small green spiders with dark legs. The plant pictured above however did not have any of these small abortive bulblets (except I think there may be one, just to the right of my thumb, see note; to see it, view the largest picture and zoom in). In Utah County where this picture was taken, this species is some 175+ air miles from the type locality to the southeast. C. reevesiana does not occur this far north, but some also disjunct C. bulbifera does.The spores of the tetraploid C. utahensis are larger than those of the diploid C. bulbifera.July 25, 2009, American Fork Canyon, Utah County, Utah, approx. 5,850 ft. elev.Note: Dr. Stanley Welsh does not recognize C. utahensis and includes it within the also 4x C. fragilis. The morphological differences are subtle and difficult exacerbated by the fact that C. fragilis is not only variable but is thought to be speciating in the western United States and that these various species of Cystopteris readily hybridize with each other and when a 2x plant meets a 4x plant can produce sterile triploids; combined however with the genetic work by Windham et al, C. utahensis appears to be worthy of recognition (and it isn't quite as directly related to C. fragilis as once thought although it but does share a common parent, C. reevisana).
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Cystopteris alpina (Lam.) Desv., syn.: Cystopteris fragilis ssp. alpina, Cystopteris fragilis ssp. regia (L.) Desv., Cystopteris regia, Cystopteris crispa.Alpine bladder fern, DE: Alpen BlasenfarnSlo.: alpska prianicaDat.: Aug. 1. 2015Lat.: 46.44283 Long.: 13.63977Code: Bot_906/2015_DSC8363Habitat: Crevices of a medium sized limestone boulder, among rocks on open mountain pasture; skeletal, calcareous ground; southwest aspect, open place, full sun, exposed to direct rain and wind; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature about 0 deg C, elevation 2.040 m (6.700 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil in crevices and among rocks or scree.Place: Mt. Mangart region, left side of the main ravine of Mt. Mangart's flats; slightly below Mt. Mangart's tool road close to ez jezik pass, 2.055 m, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Cystopteris alpina is quite a common plant in Slovenian Alps. It's not difficult to spot it among rocks, in rock crevices and sometimes on scree slops. It can be also found in the whole Alps and other European mountains, albeit only in subalpine and alpine elevations above tree line. In spite of this its taxonomy is not yet agreed upon. Cystopteris alpina belongs to Cystopteris fragilis aggregate, a group of similar plants, which are not yet sufficiently researched in Slovenia (Ref.:3). Microscopy study of spore surface is sometimes needed for absolute certainty of determinations. Hence my determination should not be taken as pure gold. Ref.:(1) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 86.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 239.(3) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 99. (4) K.Lauber and G.Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 70.(5) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bluetenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p,47.
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Hobro, Jylland, Danmark (Cultiv)
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Langdalen, Lien, Hanherred, Danmark
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Edwin Warner Park, Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee, US
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Cystopteris utahensis Windham & Haufler. A Utah rare plant species, and at least moderately globally rare. Disjunct occurrence at this location in northern-central Utah by at least 175+ miles (type locality is in southern Grand County in southeastern Utah; known also from Zion National Park in southwestern, Utah at a even greater distance away from here). Primary distribution is in southern Utah (Washington, Kane, Grand) and more so in northern Arizona (mainly Coconino and Apache Cos.), with other disjunct locations in Colorado, western Texas and New Mexico. This particular plant was identified during a field trip by the primary author of the taxon, i.e. by Dr. Michael Windham, formerly curator at the Garrett Herbarium at the University of Utah.July 25, 2009, American Fork Canyon, Utah County, Utah, approx. 5,850 ft. elev.Note: Dr. Stanley Welsh does not recognize C. utahensis and includes it within also tetraploid C. fragilis. The morphological differences are subtle and difficult; combined however with the genetic work by Windham et al, C. utahensis is seemingly worthy of recognition.
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Gymnocarpium robertianum (Hoffm.) Newman, syn.: Nephrodium robertianum (Hoffm.) Prantl, Lastrea obtusifolia (Schrank) JanchenScented Oakfern, Robert's Fern, DE: Ruprechtfarn, KalkfarnSlo.: apnenkaDat.: July 6. 2015Lat.: 46.36080 Long.: 13.70333Code: Bot_898/2015_DSC7670Habitat: light mixed forest, modestly inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; colluvial, skeletal, calcareous ground, half shade, relatively warm and dry place; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 595 m (1.950 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Trenta and Soa, right bank of river Soa, close to Na melu place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comment: Gymnocarpium robertianum is a common fern in Slovenia; hence it is easy to find. It grows everywhere in the Alps and in almost all other European mountains also in low elevations. However, there exist two species - Gymnocarpium robertianum and Gymnocarpium dryopteris, both common and wide spread, which are very similar in appearance. Gymnocarpium robertianum loves basic, calcareous ground, while Gymnocarpium dryopteris prefers acid ground. Distinguishing both types of ground is not always a simple task for a layman and therefore usually not a handy characteristics for separation of both species. Fortunately there exists another difference, which is a clear-cut trait. Leaf stalks and underside of Gymnocarpium robertianum are covered by small but conspicuous glandulous hairs (see Picture 7b) while Gymnocarpium dryopteris has none. Ref.:(1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 240.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 105. (3) E.J. Jger, Rothmaler 3, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 11.Aufl., Elsevier, Spectrum (2007), p 23. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 90.
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Cystopteris alpina (Lam.) Desv., syn.: Cystopteris fragilis ssp. alpina, Cystopteris fragilis ssp. regia (L.) Desv., Cystopteris regia, Cystopteris crispa.Alpine bladder fern, DE: Alpen BlasenfarnSlo.: alpska prianicaDat.: Aug. 1. 2015Lat.: 46.44283 Long.: 13.63977Code: Bot_906/2015_DSC8363Habitat: Crevices of a medium sized limestone boulder, among rocks on open mountain pasture; skeletal, calcareous ground; southwest aspect, open place, full sun, exposed to direct rain and wind; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature about 0 deg C, elevation 2.040 m (6.700 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil in crevices and among rocks or scree.Place: Mt. Mangart region, left side of the main ravine of Mt. Mangart's flats; slightly below Mt. Mangart's tool road close to ez jezik pass, 2.055 m, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Cystopteris alpina is quite a common plant in Slovenian Alps. It's not difficult to spot it among rocks, in rock crevices and sometimes on scree slops. It can be also found in the whole Alps and other European mountains, albeit only in subalpine and alpine elevations above tree line. In spite of this its taxonomy is not yet agreed upon. Cystopteris alpina belongs to Cystopteris fragilis aggregate, a group of similar plants, which are not yet sufficiently researched in Slovenia (Ref.:3). Microscopy study of spore surface is sometimes needed for absolute certainty of determinations. Hence my determination should not be taken as pure gold. Ref.:(1) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 86.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 239.(3) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 99. (4) K.Lauber and G.Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 70.(5) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bluetenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p,47.
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Hammer Kirke, Vendsyssel, Danmark
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Hobro Skov
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Edwin Warner Park, Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee, US
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Minnesota, United States
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Gymnocarpium robertianum (Hoffm.) Newman, syn.: Nephrodium robertianum (Hoffm.) Prantl, Lastrea obtusifolia (Schrank) JanchenScented Oakfern, Robert's Fern, DE: Ruprechtfarn, KalkfarnSlo.: apnenkaDat.: July 6. 2015Lat.: 46.36080 Long.: 13.70333Code: Bot_898/2015_DSC7670Habitat: light mixed forest, modestly inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; colluvial, skeletal, calcareous ground, half shade, relatively warm and dry place; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 595 m (1.950 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: forest soil.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Trenta and Soa, right bank of river Soa, close to Na melu place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comment: Gymnocarpium robertianum is a common fern in Slovenia; hence it is easy to find. It grows everywhere in the Alps and in almost all other European mountains also in low elevations. However, there exist two species - Gymnocarpium robertianum and Gymnocarpium dryopteris, both common and wide spread, which are very similar in appearance. Gymnocarpium robertianum loves basic, calcareous ground, while Gymnocarpium dryopteris prefers acid ground. Distinguishing both types of ground is not always a simple task for a layman and therefore usually not a handy characteristics for separation of both species. Fortunately there exists another difference, which is a clear-cut trait. Leaf stalks and underside of Gymnocarpium robertianum are covered by small but conspicuous glandulous hairs (see Picture 7b) while Gymnocarpium dryopteris has none. Ref.:(1) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 240.(2) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 105. (3) E.J. Jger, Rothmaler 3, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, 11.Aufl., Elsevier, Spectrum (2007), p 23. (3) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 90.
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Cystopteris alpina (Lam.) Desv., syn.: Cystopteris fragilis ssp. alpina, Cystopteris fragilis ssp. regia (L.) Desv., Cystopteris regia, Cystopteris crispa.Alpine bladder fern, DE: Alpen BlasenfarnSlo.: alpska prianicaDat.: Aug. 1. 2015Lat.: 46.44283 Long.: 13.63977Code: Bot_906/2015_DSC8363Habitat: Crevices of a medium sized limestone boulder, among rocks on open mountain pasture; skeletal, calcareous ground; southwest aspect, open place, full sun, exposed to direct rain and wind; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature about 0 deg C, elevation 2.040 m (6.700 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil in crevices and among rocks or scree.Place: Mt. Mangart region, left side of the main ravine of Mt. Mangart's flats; slightly below Mt. Mangart's tool road close to ez jezik pass, 2.055 m, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comment: Cystopteris alpina is quite a common plant in Slovenian Alps. It's not difficult to spot it among rocks, in rock crevices and sometimes on scree slops. It can be also found in the whole Alps and other European mountains, albeit only in subalpine and alpine elevations above tree line. In spite of this its taxonomy is not yet agreed upon. Cystopteris alpina belongs to Cystopteris fragilis aggregate, a group of similar plants, which are not yet sufficiently researched in Slovenia (Ref.:3). Microscopy study of spore surface is sometimes needed for absolute certainty of determinations. Hence my determination should not be taken as pure gold. Ref.:(1) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 1., Haupt (2004), p 86.(2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora fr sterreich, Liechtenstein und Sdtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 239.(3) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007), p 99. (4) K.Lauber and G.Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 70.(5) H. Haeupler, T. Muer, Bildatlas der Farn- und Bluetenpflazen Deutschlands, Ulmer (2000), p,47.
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Hammer Kirke, Vendsyssel, Danmark
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Hobro Skov