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Distoleon tetragrammicus

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Distoleon tetragrammicus is a species of antlion in the subfamily Myrmeleontinae.[1][2][3]

Distribution

Distoleon tetragrammicus is widespread in the western Palearctic realm and it is present in most of Southern Europe and in North Africa.[4][5]

Habitat

This species can be found in a wide range of habitats, from coastal dunes to mountain forests, mainly in arid and sandy areas, in oak and pine forests and in various calcareous wasteland with minimum moisture. The larvae avoid exposed sites as coastal dunes.[6]

Description

Larva of Distoleon tetragrammicus

The adults of Distoleon tetragrammicus greatly resemble dragonflies or damselflies. They have a wingspan of about 75 millimetres (3.0 in). The front wing can reach a width of 26–40 millimetres (1.0–1.6 in).[6] They have thick, prominent, apically clubbed antennae, a long, narrow abdomen and two pairs of long, transparent, multiveined wings, with some brown and opaque spots.[7] This species is sometimes confused with Myrmeleon formicarius.

The larvae do not look anything like adults. The length of a fully grown larva is typically 12–22 millimetres (0.47–0.87 in).[8][9] The basic body color is dark brown with darker markings. The head is dark brown. The strong dark brown mandibles do not show long bristles outside the margins. Pronotum is covered by large black setae and short bristles. The dorsal side of abdomen has a series of circular markings and a characteristic dorsal median stripe. Mesothoracic and abdominal spiracles are brown. Legs may be yellowish or whitish.[4]

Biology

The lifecycle of Distoleon tetragrammicus

The adults of Distoleon tetragrammicus appear in the middle of the summer and fly from June to August.[6] They are attracted to light. The life cycle begins with oviposition by the female into sand. Larvae of this species don't build craters or pit traps. They live buried in dry ground and may be errant. They are voracious predators, feeding on small insects and other small arthropods that they catch with their powerful jaws. After one year the larva retreats into a cocoon and metamorphoses into an adult.[10]

References

  1. ^ Zicha, Ondrej. "BioLib: Biological library". www.biolib.cz.
  2. ^ V.A. Krivokhatsky Catalogue of antlion collection (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)
  3. ^ "Catalogue of Life - 2011 Annual Checklist :: Species details". www.catalogueoflife.org.
  4. ^ a b BADANO D. & PANTALEONI R. A., 2014. – The larvae of European Myrmeleontida
  5. ^ "Fauna Europaea". fauna-eu.org.
  6. ^ a b c "Neurotteri" (PDF).
  7. ^ "Hormiga león (Distoleon tetragrammicus) - Institut d'Estudis Catalans". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-11-02.
  8. ^ Acevedo, F.; Monserrat, V.J.; Badano, D. (2013). "Comparative description of larvae of the European species of Distoleon Banks: D. annulatus (Klug, 1834) and D. tetragrammicus (Fabricius, 1798) (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)". Zootaxa. 3721: 488–94. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3721.5.4. PMID 26120688.
  9. ^ "[Distoleon tetragrammicus] Larve préhistorique - Le Monde des insectes". www.insecte.org.
  10. ^ Satar, A.; et al. (2006). "Rearing the larval stages of Distoleon tetragrammicus (Fabricius, 1798) (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) from egg to adult, with notes on their behaviour" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1371: 57–64. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1371.1.5.
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Distoleon tetragrammicus: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Distoleon tetragrammicus is a species of antlion in the subfamily Myrmeleontinae.

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Distoleon tetragrammicus ( French )

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Distoleon tetragrammicus, le fourmilion longicorne, est une espèce d'insectes de l'ordre des Neuroptera, de la famille des Myrmeleontidae.

Répartition

Europe méridionale, Afrique du Nord, remonte jusqu'aux environs de Paris vers le nord.

Biologie

 src=
Un fourmilion longicorne dans le Lido de Thau.

Fréquente les chênaies et les pineraies claires des collines sèches, des adrets et autres friches calcaires, où on le débusque durant la journée.

L'adulte apparaît au cœur de l'été (de juin à août). La larve ne creuse pas d'entonnoir et vit dans la litière sèche[1].

Notes et références

  1. Michael Chinery, Insectes de France et d'Europe occidentale, Paris, Flammarion, août 2012, 320 p. (ISBN 978-2-08-128823-2), p. 104-105

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Distoleon tetragrammicus: Brief Summary ( French )

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Distoleon tetragrammicus, le fourmilion longicorne, est une espèce d'insectes de l'ordre des Neuroptera, de la famille des Myrmeleontidae.

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Distoleon tetragrammicus ( Italian )

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Distoleon tetragrammicus (Fabricius, 1798) è un insetto dell'ordine dei neurotteri e della famiglia dei mirmileontidi[1][2].

Biologia

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Larva

La larva è predatrice, vive sepolta nel terreno per uno-due anni, per poi rinchiudersi in un bozzolo ed effettuare la metamorfosi in adulto[3]. L'adulto ha un'apertura alare di circa 75 mm ed è attratto dalla luce[3]. Viene talvolta confuso con la specie Myrmeleon formicarius, da cui si distingue per le macchie sulle ali e le antenne più spesse e visibili[3].

Diffusione

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Particolare del capo

È diffuso in tutta l'Europa meridionale, occidentale e centrale[1], oltre che in Africa settentrionale; in Italia, la specie è attestata su tutto il territorio[4].

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) Distoleon tetragrammicus (Fabricius, 1798), su Fauna Europaea. URL consultato il 12 luglio 2017.
  2. ^ a b (EN) Distoleon tetragrammicus (Fabricius, 1798), su Catalogue of Life. URL consultato il 12 luglio 2017.
  3. ^ a b c (ES) Hormiga león (Distoleon tetragrammicus), su Institut d'Estudis Catalans. URL consultato l'11 agosto 2015 (archiviato dall'url originale il 4 marzo 2016).
  4. ^ Bollettino dell'Istituto di entomologia "Guido Grandi", p. 181.

Bibliografia

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Distoleon tetragrammicus: Brief Summary ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

Distoleon tetragrammicus (Fabricius, 1798) è un insetto dell'ordine dei neurotteri e della famiglia dei mirmileontidi.

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Distoleon tetragrammicus ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Insecten

Distoleon tetragrammicus is een insect uit de familie van de mierenleeuwen (Myrmeleontidae), die tot de orde netvleugeligen (Neuroptera) behoort.

Distoleon tetragrammicus is voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Fabricius in 1798.[1]

De larven van deze mierenleeuwen zijn predatoren die zelf geen valkuil graven maar onder het oppervlak van zandige bodems in hinderlaag liggen te wachten op een voorbijkomende mier of een ander insect, dat ze plotseling aanvallen.[2]

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. Oswald, J. D. (2007). Neuropterida Species of the World. Version 2.0.
  2. Ali Statar, Zekiye Suludere, Savas Canbulat, Cengizhan Özbay. "Rearing the larval stages of Distoleon tetragrammicus (Fabricius, 1798) (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) from egg to adult, with notes on their behaviour." Zootaxa 1371:57-64 (2006). DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.1371.1.5
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Distoleon tetragrammicus ( Polish )

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Distoleon tetragrammicus – ciepłolubny gatunek sieciarki z rodziny mrówkolwowatych (Myrmeleontidae). Jest szeroko rozprzestrzeniony w regionie Morza Śródziemnego. W Europie Środkowej występuje na izolowanych stanowiskach kserotermicznych. Ubarwieniem skrzydeł przypomina Euroleon nostras, lecz D. tetragrammicus jest od niego większy, a plamy na jego tylnych skrzydłach są położone pośrodku[2].

W Polsce jest gatunkiem bardzo rzadkim, stwierdzonym ostatnio przed rokiem 1938[3].

Larwy tego gatunku preferują suche i ciepłe lasy sosnowe i liściaste. Nie budują pułapek. Cykl rozwojowy od jaja do imago został zbadany i opisany przez Satara i in. w 2006 roku[4]

Zobacz też

Przypisy

  1. V.A. Krivokhatsky: Catalogue of antlion collection (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae) (ros.). Information System ZInsecta. [dostęp 30 października 2010].
  2. Roland Dobosz (2005) w internetowym Forum Entomologicznym. [dostęp 30 października 2010].
  3. Fauna Polski - charakterystyka i wykaz gatunków. Bogdanowicz W., Chudzicka E., Pilipiuk I. i Skibińska E. (red.). T. II. Warszawa: Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN, 2007. ISBN 978-83-881470-7-4.
  4. Satar et al. Rearing the larval stages of Distoleon tetragrammicus (Fabricius, 1798) (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) from egg to adult, with notes on their behaviour. „Zootaxa”. 1371, s. 57–64, 2006 (ang.). (abstrakt)
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Distoleon tetragrammicus: Brief Summary ( Polish )

provided by wikipedia POL

Distoleon tetragrammicus – ciepłolubny gatunek sieciarki z rodziny mrówkolwowatych (Myrmeleontidae). Jest szeroko rozprzestrzeniony w regionie Morza Śródziemnego. W Europie Środkowej występuje na izolowanych stanowiskach kserotermicznych. Ubarwieniem skrzydeł przypomina Euroleon nostras, lecz D. tetragrammicus jest od niego większy, a plamy na jego tylnych skrzydłach są położone pośrodku.

W Polsce jest gatunkiem bardzo rzadkim, stwierdzonym ostatnio przed rokiem 1938.

Larwy tego gatunku preferują suche i ciepłe lasy sosnowe i liściaste. Nie budują pułapek. Cykl rozwojowy od jaja do imago został zbadany i opisany przez Satara i in. w 2006 roku

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Distoleon tetragrammicus ( Vietnamese )

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Distoleon tetragrammicus là một loài côn trùng trong họ Myrmeleontidae thuộc bộ Neuroptera. Loài này được Fabricius miêu tả năm 1798.[1]

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Distoleon tetragrammicus: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Distoleon tetragrammicus là một loài côn trùng trong họ Myrmeleontidae thuộc bộ Neuroptera. Loài này được Fabricius miêu tả năm 1798.

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