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Derbyshire Feather Moss

Thamnobryum angustifolium Nieuwland 1917

Biology

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Mosses are an ancient group of plants, and often the first to colonise a bare surface. They do not produce flowers or seeds, but usually reproduce vegetatively or by developing capsules, the fruiting bodies which contain spores. Neither do they have roots. They maintain their footholds with rhizoids, with which they anchor themselves to rock or the ground. Derbyshire feather-moss has never been observed to produce fruiting bodies. When growing underwater it forms dark green clumps, but as the water recedes in the summer months the moss desiccates, and the stems can turn a reddish-brown. Limestone encrustations, which form on the underside of the plant, are particularly apparent at this time of year.
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Conservation

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Derbyshire feather moss is included in English Nature's Species Recovery Programme (SRP). Because of its rarity and the risk from unscrupulous collectors, its main locations are kept secret. Anyone wishing to see it must contact the site manager first. This may seem like an extreme measure, but with a species this rare, and comprising the only known populations in the world, it is dangerous to take risks. In order to safeguard the future of this moss, not only is it vital to protect the sites where it occurs in the wild, but attempts are also being made to propagate the moss ex-situ. This will enable possible re-introductions back into the wild, and it also offers an insurance against extinction. To loose any species, even something as easily overlooked as a moss, would further impoverish our natural world.
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Description

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Although clearly related to the widespread moss Thamnobryum alopecurum, this species has more distinctive narrower leaves with very coarsely-toothed tips. Like its relative, the species has a tree-like structure, but its stems are more slender and their branches are further apart.
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Habitat

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Derbyshire feather moss is found on vertical limestone rock faces, which are damp, and shaded. It also grows under water.
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Range

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This moss is probably endemic to Britain, with the only known specimens being found in Derbyshire. Its location is kept secret.
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Status

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Classified as Critically Endangered in the UK, and Endangered by the IUCN Red List. Protected under Schedule 8 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act (as amended).
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Threats

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The chief threat to this moss is deterioration in the quality of the water within its only native area.
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Thamnobryum angustifolium

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Thamnobryum angustifolium, the Derbyshire feathermoss,[2] is a species of moss in the Neckeraceae family. It is endemic to Derbyshire, England,[1] being restricted to a single SSSI, where the main colony covers about 3 square metres (32 sq ft) of a single rock face, with small subsidiary colonies nearby. Threats include disturbance from cavers and climbers, collection by bryologists, pollution of the spring in which it grows, and desiccation during periods of drought.[3] Its natural habitat is rivers.

Because of its extreme rarity and localised occurrence, the species has its own individual Biodiversity Action Plan and is included on a list of the world's most threatened bryophytes.

The plant is similar to the common Thamnobryum alopecurum, but can be distinguished from it by the structure of the branch leaves, which are narrower, very strongly toothed, parallel-sided and have a broad nerve. The leaves of T. cataractarum are less strongly toothed but they have an even broader nerve.

References

  1. ^ a b Hodgetts, N.; Lockhart, N.; Rothero, G.; Sergio, C. (2019). "Thamnobryum angustifolium". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T39191A87798966. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T39191A87798966.en. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  2. ^ Edwards, Sean R. (2012). English Names for British Bryophytes. Special Volume – British Bryological Society. British Bryological Society Special Volume. Vol. 5 (4th ed.). Wootton, Northampton: British Bryological Society. ISBN 978-0-9561310-2-7. ISSN 0268-8034.
  3. ^ Hodgketts, Nick G. (March 2001). "Thamnobryum angustifolium: Derbyshire feather-moss" (PDF). Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 December 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
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Thamnobryum angustifolium: Brief Summary

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Thamnobryum angustifolium, the Derbyshire feathermoss, is a species of moss in the Neckeraceae family. It is endemic to Derbyshire, England, being restricted to a single SSSI, where the main colony covers about 3 square metres (32 sq ft) of a single rock face, with small subsidiary colonies nearby. Threats include disturbance from cavers and climbers, collection by bryologists, pollution of the spring in which it grows, and desiccation during periods of drought. Its natural habitat is rivers.

Because of its extreme rarity and localised occurrence, the species has its own individual Biodiversity Action Plan and is included on a list of the world's most threatened bryophytes.

The plant is similar to the common Thamnobryum alopecurum, but can be distinguished from it by the structure of the branch leaves, which are narrower, very strongly toothed, parallel-sided and have a broad nerve. The leaves of T. cataractarum are less strongly toothed but they have an even broader nerve.

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