Baldlegged Spiders

Figures 1–13.Paratropis tuxtlensis sp. n. Male. 1 Carapace, dorsal view 2 Prosoma, ventral view, showing the sternum, labium, endites and chelicerae 3 Opisthosoma, dorsal view 4 Carapace, right lateral view 5–6 Ocular region, dorsal and lateral views, respectively 7 Endites and labium, ventral view 8 Spinnerets, ventral view (arrows indicate the PMS) 9 Left chelicerae, teeth on promargin (left) and retromargin (right) 10–13 Bulb and embolus, prolateral, retrolateral, dorsal, and ventral views respectively. Scales: 0.4 mm (Figures 5, 6), 0.5 mm (Figures 7, 9–13), 1 mm (Figure 8), 2 mm (Figures 1–4).

Figures 58–61.Paratropis tuxtlensis sp. n. Photographs of live specimens, kept in the laboratory 58 Adult male 59 Immature specimen 60 Adult female 61 Adult female protecting her egg sac. Scales: 1 mm (Figure 59), 4 mm (Figure 58), 6 mm (Figure 60).

Figure 62.Known records of the species of the genus Paratropis: Paratropis tuxtlensis new species from Estación de Biología Tropical “Los Tuxtlas”, Veracruz, Mexico; Paratropis papilligera from Santarém, Pará, Brazil; Paratropis sanguinea from Alto-Jurúa, Amazonas, Brazil; Paratropis scruposa from Pebas, Loreto, Peru; and Paratopis seminermis from Santa Ana, Falcón, Venezuela.

Figures 14–21.Paratropis tuxtlensis sp. n. Male 14 Left palp, prolateral view 15 Left palp, detail of bulb and embolus, prolateral view 16 Detail of the embolus opening, distal view 17 Left palp tibia, dorsal-retrolateral view (arrows indicate the trichobothria) 18 Detail of the trichobothria sockets on the palp tibia 19 Left palp, tibia and tarsus, prolateral view 20 Left palp, tibia and tarsus, retrolateral view (arrows indicate the trichobothria) 21 Detail of the setae on tarsus of left palp, prolateral view. Scales: 10 µm (Figure 16), 100 µm (Figure 18), 200 µm (Figure 21), 500 µm (Figures 15, 17, 19, 20), 1 mm (Figure 14).

Figures 22–29.Paratropis tuxtlensis sp. n. Male. 22 Left endite, dorsal view 23 Left endite, apical detail 24 Left endite, detail of the setae 25 Detail of the finger-shaped cuspules on endite 26 Detail of the setae on retrolateral region of left endite 27 Left leg I, dorsal view of the tarsus 28 Left tarsus I, detail of the trichobothria sockets (arrows indicate the cuticular pores) 29 Detail of the glandular pore on the surface of the tarsus. Scales: 10 µm (Figure 29), 50 µm (Figure 25), 100 µm (Figure 26), 200 µm (Figure 28), 300 µm (Figure 24), 400 µm (Figure 23), 500 µm (Figure 27), 1 mm (Figure 22).

Figures 30–37.Paratropis tuxtlensis sp. n. Male. 30 Left chelicerae with extended fang, ventral view 31 Left chelicerae, teeth on promargin (lower line) and retromargin (upper line) 32 Detail of the chelicerae teeth 33 Left chelicerae, apical part of the fang 34 Detail of the venom gland duct opening on left fang of the chelicerae 35 Left chelicerae, retrolateral view 36 Setae on retrolateral part of left chelicerae 37 Detail of the clubbed setae on retrolateral region of chelicerae (left arrows indicate the glandular pores on the cuticle surface with secretion coming out at the moment of the microphotograph, right arrow indicates pore without secretion). Scales: 20 µm (Figure 34), 50 µm (Figure 37), 100 µm (Figures 32, 33), 400 µm (Figure 36), 500 µm (Figure 31), 1 mm (Figures 30, 35).

Figures 38–45.Paratropis tuxtlensis sp. n. Male. 38 Left leg, trichobothria of metatarsus I, dorsal view 39 Left leg, setae on tibia I, retrolateral view 40 Detail of setae on tibiae I (arrows indicate the glandular pores) 41 Detail of the glandular pores on tibia I (arrow indicates pore with secretion) 42 Left leg, tarsus I, retrolateral view 43 Detail of the scopular setae on tarsus I 44 Claws of tarsus I, retrolateral view (arrow indicates the single long tooth on left claw) 45 Detail of the paired claws of tarsus I (arrow indicates the unpaired ventral claw). Scales: 40 µm (Figure 41), 100 µm (Figure 43), 200 µm (Figures 40, 45), 300 µm (Figure 44), 400 µm (Figure 38), 500 µm (Figures 39, 42).

Figures 46–47.Paratropis tuxtlensis sp. n. Trichobothria on male appendages 46 Trichobothria pattern on tibiae of palp (Pa) and legs I-IV 47 Trichobothria pattern on metatarsi I-IV.

Figures 48.Paratropis tuxtlensis sp. n. Trichobothria pattern on tarsi I-IV on male legs.

Figures 49–56.Paratropis tuxtlensis sp. n. Female. 49 Carapace, dorsal view 50 Prosoma, ventral view, showing the sternum, labium, endites and chelicerae 51 Opisthosoma, dorsal view 52 Carapace, left lateral view 53 Ocular region, dorsal view 54 Spinnerets, ventral view (arrows indicate the PMS) 55 Endites and labium, ventral view 56 Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scales: 0.25 mm (Figure 56), 0.6 mm (Figure 53), 1 mm (Figures 54, 55), 2 mm (Figures 49–52).

Figure 57.Tropical rain-forest in the Estación de Biología Tropical “Los Tuxtlas”, Veracruz, Mexico. Habitat of Paratropis tuxtlensis new species, arrow indicates the microhabitat where the specimens were collected (under boulders).

Description: English: Paratropididae, unknown genus and species. Found august 2011 in northern honduras, near Pico Bonito National Park. In damp soil embankment during night walk. Collector and photographer, Stuart Longhorn. Date: 17 August 2011. Source: Own work. Author: Sjl197 [stuart longhorn].

Description: English: Distribution records of the entire family Paratropididae Simon, 1889. A Anisaspis camarita, B Anisaspis tuberculata, C Anisaspoides gigantea, D Melloina gracilis, E Melloina rickwesti, F Melloina santuario, G Paratropis elicioi, H Paratropis florezi, I Paratropis papilligera, J Paratropis sanguinea, K Paratropis scruposa, L Paratropis seminermis M Paratropis tuxtlensis, N Stormtropis colima, O Stormtropis muisca, P Stormtropis paisa, Q Stormtropis parvum. Date: March 2019. Source: Perafán C, Galvis W, Pérez-Miles F (2019) The first Paratropididae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae) from Colombia: new genus, species and records. ZooKeys 830: 1-31. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.830.31433. Author: Carlos Perafán, William Galvis, Fernando Pérez-Miles.

Description: English: Figures 30–37. Paratropis tuxtlensis. Male. 30 Left chelicerae with extended fang, ventral view 31 Left chelicerae, teeth on promargin (lower line) and retromargin (upper line) 32 Detail of the chelicerae teeth 33 Left chelicerae, apical part of the fang 34 Detail of the venom gland duct opening on left fang of the chelicerae 35 Left chelicerae, retrolateral view 36 Setae on retrolateral part of left chelicerae 37 Detail of the clubbed setae on retrolateral region of chelicerae (left arrows indicate the glandular pores on the cuticle surface with secretion coming out at the moment of the microphotograph, right arrow indicates pore without secretion). Scales: 20 µm (Figure 34), 50 µm (Figure 37), 100 µm (Figures 32, 33), 400 µm (Figure 36), 500 µm (Figure 31), 1 mm (Figures 30, 35). Date: 16 June 2014. Source: Valdez Mondragon A, Mendoza J, Francke O (2014) First record of the mygalomorph spider family Paratropididae (Arachnida, Araneae) in North America with the description of a new species of Paratropis Simon from Mexico, and with new ultramorphological data for the family. ZooKeys 416: 1-21. doi:10.3897/zookeys.416.7253. Author: Alejandro Valdez-Mondragón, Jorge I. Mendoza, Oscar F. Francke.

Description: English: Figures 38–45. Paratropis tuxtlensis. Male. 38 Left leg, trichobothria of metatarsus I, dorsal view 39 Left leg, setae on tibia I, retrolateral view 40 Detail of setae on tibiae I (arrows indicate the glandular pores) 41 Detail of the glandular pores on tibia I (arrow indicates pore with secretion) 42 Left leg, tarsus I, retrolateral view 43 Detail of the scopular setae on tarsus I 44 Claws of tarsus I, retrolateral view (arrow indicates the single long tooth on left claw) 45 Detail of the paired claws of tarsus I (arrow indicates the unpaired ventral claw). Scales: 40 µm (Figure 41), 100 µm (Figure 43), 200 µm (Figures 40, 45), 300 µm (Figure 44), 400 µm (Figure 38), 500 µm (Figures 39, 42). Date: 16 June 2014. Source: Valdez Mondragon A, Mendoza J, Francke O (2014) First record of the mygalomorph spider family Paratropididae (Arachnida, Araneae) in North America with the description of a new species of Paratropis Simon from Mexico, and with new ultramorphological data for the family. ZooKeys 416: 1-21. doi:10.3897/zookeys.416.7253. Author: Alejandro Valdez-Mondragón, Jorge I. Mendoza, Oscar F. Francke.

Description: English: Male Paratropis tuxtlensis. Date: 16 June 2014. Source: Valdez Mondragon A, Mendoza J, Francke O (2014) First record of the mygalomorph spider family Paratropididae (Arachnida, Araneae) in North America with the description of a new species of Paratropis Simon from Mexico, and with new ultramorphological data for the family. ZooKeys 416: 1-21. doi:10.3897/zookeys.416.7253. Author: Jorge I. Mendoza. Permission (Reusing this file): : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.:. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC BY 4.0 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 truetrue.. : This image is uploaded as part of a collaboration between Wikispecies and ZooKeys বাংলা | català | čeština | Deutsch | English | македонски | polski | português do Brasil | русский | +/−. : This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.:. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 CC BY 3.0 Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 truetrue.

Description: English: Figures 14–21. Paratropis tuxtlensis. Male 14 Left palp, prolateral view 15 Left palp, detail of bulb and embolus, prolateral view 16 Detail of the embolus opening, distal view 17 Left palp tibia, dorsal-retrolateral view (arrows indicate the trichobothria) 18 Detail of the trichobothria sockets on the palp tibia 19 Left palp, tibia and tarsus, prolateral view 20 Left palp, tibia and tarsus, retrolateral view (arrows indicate the trichobothria) 21 Detail of the setae on tarsus of left palp, prolateral view. Scales: 10 µm (Figure 16), 100 µm (Figure 18), 200 µm (Figure 21), 500 µm (Figures 15, 17, 19, 20), 1 mm (Figure 14). Date: 16 June 2014. Source: Valdez Mondragon A, Mendoza J, Francke O (2014) First record of the mygalomorph spider family Paratropididae (Arachnida, Araneae) in North America with the description of a new species of Paratropis Simon from Mexico, and with new ultramorphological data for the family. ZooKeys 416: 1-21. doi:10.3897/zookeys.416.7253. Author: Alejandro Valdez-Mondragón, Jorge I. Mendoza, Oscar F. Francke.

Description: English: Paratropis tuxtlensis. Trichobothria pattern on tarsus II, male leg. Date: 16 June 2014. Source: Valdez Mondragon A, Mendoza J, Francke O (2014) First record of the mygalomorph spider family Paratropididae (Arachnida, Araneae) in North America with the description of a new species of Paratropis Simon from Mexico, and with new ultramorphological data for the family. ZooKeys 416: 1-21. doi:10.3897/zookeys.416.7253. Author: Alejandro Valdez-Mondragón, Jorge I. Mendoza, Oscar F. Francke.

Description: English: Figures 49–56. Paratropis tuxtlensis. Female. 49 Carapace, dorsal view 50 Prosoma, ventral view, showing the sternum, labium, endites and chelicerae 51 Opisthosoma, dorsal view 52 Carapace, left lateral view 53 Ocular region, dorsal view 54 Spinnerets, ventral view (arrows indicate the PMS) 55 Endites and labium, ventral view 56 Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scales: 0.25 mm (Figure 56), 0.6 mm (Figure 53), 1 mm (Figures 54, 55), 2 mm (Figures 49–52). Date: 16 June 2014. Source: Valdez Mondragon A, Mendoza J, Francke O (2014) First record of the mygalomorph spider family Paratropididae (Arachnida, Araneae) in North America with the description of a new species of Paratropis Simon from Mexico, and with new ultramorphological data for the family. ZooKeys 416: 1-21. doi:10.3897/zookeys.416.7253. Author: Alejandro Valdez-Mondragón, Jorge I. Mendoza, Oscar F. Francke.