dcsimg

Trophic Strategy

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Occasionally in shallow water by steep drop-offs. Solitary or in pairs, occasionally in groups of five or six, at less than 10 m depth. Juveniles are pelagic, seen under floating objects (Ref. 9318, 48637). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Adults and juveniles are rarely seen near reefs. Juveniles are pelagic, seen under floating objects (Ref. 9318). Juveniles often with large jellies and these may bring them close to reefs and adults may nest on sandflats adjacent to reefs in deep water. At other times, the adults may form large schools under weed-rafts that usually form during the wet season (Ref. 48637). Feed on benthic organisms (Ref. 30573).
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Drina Sta. Iglesia
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Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 2; Dorsal soft rays (total): 45 - 52; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 47 - 53
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Cristina V. Garilao
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Life Cycle

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Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
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Susan M. Luna
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Diagnostic Description

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Rudimentary pelvic spine disappears in large specimen (Ref. 36453). Snout convex in adults (Ref. 1602). Sandy to grey with small brown spots above; soft dorsal and anal fins pale yellowish to brownish; caudal membrane blackish brown (Ref. 4421).Description: Characterized further by juveniles having reticulate pattern of pale lines and grey blotches; convex dorsal and ventral profiles of head; terminal mouth; snout much longer than caudal fin; depth of body at anal fin origin 2.5-2.8 in SL (Ref. 90102).
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Biology

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Occasionally in shallow water by steep drop-offs. Solitary or in pairs, occasionally in groups of five or six, at less than 10 m depth. Juveniles are pelagic, seen under floating objects (Ref. 9318, 48637). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Adults and juveniles are rarely seen near reefs. Juveniles often with large jellies and these may bring them close to reefs and adults may nest on sandflats adjacent to reefs in deep water. At other times, the adults may form large schools under weed-rafts that usually form during the wet season (Ref. 48637). Feed on benthic organisms (Ref. 30573).
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Rainer Froese
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Importance

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fisheries: commercial
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Distribution ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Chile Central
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Universidad de Santiago de Chile
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Pablo Gutierrez
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Comprehensive Description

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Aluterus monoceros (Linnaeus)

A 1α (Figure 108) is a single section, the more dorsal part of the insertion extending into the tissues of the lips. The origin has expanded enormously to include not only the anteroventral prefrontal, but the entire infraorbital ligament as well. A 1β′ is long and thin (Figure 109), while A 1β and A 1γ are more like the generalized condition. A 2α (Figure 108) is much reduced dorsally, there being no fibers from the infraorbital ligament. A 3 is small. The adductor arcus palatini (Figure 110: A.A.P.) is divided into two sections by the junction between the metapterygoid and the parasphenoid. The retractor arcus palatini is not subdivided at all.

Most of the posteroventral fibers of the protractor hyoidei arise from the fascia over the anteroventral tip of the cleithrum. These fibers are almost at right angles to the ones originating from the posteroventral face of the anterohyal.

Rectus ventralis II (Figure 111: RECT.V.) is well developed. There is a lateral section to hypobranchial 1, an anterior section to the dorsolateral urohyal, and a transverse section across the midline. The anterior tendon of the sternobranchialis inserts on hypobranchial 2 between the two latter sections. The arrangements of the two bundles of fibers forming transversus ventralis IV are as for P. melanocephalus, but the relative positions of the bundles is reversed in transversus V. The pharyngoclavicularis externus is bifid, with tendons to ceratobranchials 4 and 5.

The anterior extension of the prootic shelf has carried the origins of the levatores externi with it (Figure 112: L.EXT.). There is some variation in the mode of insertion in levators II and IV. They may insert by a continuous aponeurosis on epibranchials 3 and 4, or separately. If the latter is the case, the anterior tendon may send a small branch to epibranchial 4. The aponeurosis of levator II sends a small section to epibranchial 3. The levatores interni retain their origin from the prootic beneath the hyomandibular foramen. Some fibers of transversus dorsalis III overlap onto the dorsal face of epibranchial 4. Obliquus dorsalis III is somewhat modified. Fibers from infrapharyngobranchial 2 pass to three different points of attachment. The medial fibers pass posteriorly to the dorsal face of infrapharyngobranchial 3. The more lateral fibers attach to epibranchial 3 (as in P. melanocephalus), while some of the ventromedial fibers loop around epibranchial 2 and reattach to infrapharyngobranchial 2.

The adductor superficialis is well developed (Figure 113: ADD.S.). The supracarinalis medius is present as a pair of cylindrical muscles, rather than the more usual triangular muscle. The erectores and depressores dorsales do not reach the vertebral column ventrally. The infracarinalis medius forms a broad tendon posterodorsally before grading into the fascia beneath the postcleithrum. Both the transversus caudalis and the spinalis are small, the latter muscle arising from the posterodorsal face of the first vertebra. In view of the fact that A. monoceros exhibits certain characters not found in any of the other monacanthids examined (particularly in the form of the adductor mandibulae complex), two additional species of the genus were dissected.
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bibliographic citation
Winterbottom, Richard. 1974. "The familial phylogeny of the Tetraodontiformes (Acanthopterygii: Pisces) as evidenced by their comparative myology." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-201. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.155

分布

provided by The Fish Database of Taiwan
廣泛分布於世界各溫帶及熱帶海域。台灣各地皆產,但以北部及東北部較多,人工魚礁區亦常見。
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利用

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主要漁法為底拖網、定置網,因具厚皮,食用前,通常會先去頭及剝皮,亦是俗稱「剝皮魚」的由來。全年均產,以夏、秋間較多,東北部海域產量較大。肉質普通,新鮮時可煮湯食之,一般以油煎食用。
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描述

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體長橢圓形,側扁而高;尾柄中長,上下緣明顯雙凹型。吻上緣稍凹,下緣極凹;頭高約等於體高。口端位,唇薄;上下頜齒楔形,上頜齒2列,下頜齒1列。鰓孔在眼前半部下方或眼前緣下方,與體中線成35-40度夾角,鰓孔幾乎全落於體中線下方。體表不甚粗糙,被小鱗,有許多小棘散布直立於整個鱗片上。背鰭兩個,基底分離甚遠,第一背鰭位於鰓孔上方,第I背鰭棘位眼中央或眼前半部上方,棘弱而細長且易斷,棘前緣具兩列小突起,棘下方體背之棘溝淺,棘膜極小;第II背鰭棘退化,埋於皮膜下。背鰭鰭條43-50,臀鰭鰭條45-52,其前部皆長於後部,鰭緣截平,臀鰭基稍長於背鰭基;腹鰭膜不明顯,幾乎無; 尾鰭截平。體灰褐色;具一些不明顯之灰黃斑駁。尾鰭深灰色;餘鰭黃色。
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棲地

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近海底層魚類,一般活動深度約在10公尺以上,最深可達50公尺左右,偶而會出現在淺海斜坡區。常獨游,成對或三五成群。幼魚行大洋性生活,常被發現於漂游物體(例如:大型水母)的下方,因此可能被引導到近礁區的水域;成魚則會在深水域的沙盤區築巢,其他時間則會聚集成群於藻叢間,尤其是在雨季的時候。雜食性,以水母、底棲無脊椎動物或藻類為食。
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Eenhoring-leerbaadjie ( Afrikaans )

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Die Eenhoring-leerbaadjie (Aluterus monoceros) is 'n vis wat wydverspreid voorkom in alle tropiese seë. In die westelike Indiese Oseaan kom die vis voor aan die ooskus van Afrika suidwaarts tot by die suide van KwaZulu-Natal. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Unicorn filefish.

Identifikasie

Die vis word tot 75 cm lank. Die vis se lyf is langer as wat dit hoog is en die bek is konveks. Die vis is sand-bruin tot grys met dowwe kolletjies op die bokant van die lyf. Die onvolwasse visse het reëlmatige patroon van dowwe lyne en grys vlekke oor die lyf.

Sien ook

Bron

  • The Reef Guide: Fishes, corals, nudibranchs & other invertebrates: East & South Coasts of Southern Africa. Dennis King & Valda Fraser. Struik Nature. 2014 ISBN 978-1-77584-018-3

Eksterne skakel

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Eenhoring-leerbaadjie: Brief Summary ( Afrikaans )

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Die Eenhoring-leerbaadjie (Aluterus monoceros) is 'n vis wat wydverspreid voorkom in alle tropiese seë. In die westelike Indiese Oseaan kom die vis voor aan die ooskus van Afrika suidwaarts tot by die suide van KwaZulu-Natal. In Engels staan die vis bekend as die Unicorn filefish.

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Aluterus monoceros ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Aluterus monoceros és una espècie de peix de la família dels monacàntids i de l'ordre dels tetraodontiformes.

Morfologia

Alimentació

Menja organismes bentònics.[7]

Hàbitat

És un peix marí, de clima subtropical i associat als esculls de corall que viu entre 1-50 m de fondària.[6][8]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba a les regions tropicals de tots els oceans.[6][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]

Observacions

N'hi ha informes d'enverinament per ciguatera.[64][6]

Referències

  1. Cloquet H., 1816-1830. (Pisces accounts). A: Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles. Volums 1-60. (Initials after accounts correspond to authors given in Vol. 1; fish accounts by Lacépède (L. L.), Duméril (C. D.), Daudin (F. M. D.) and Cloquet (H. C.)). Dict. Sci. Nat.
  2. World Register of Marine Species (anglès)
  3. Linnaeus, C., 1758. Systema Naturae, Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata.) Holmiae. Systema Nat. ed. 10 v. 1: i-ii + 1-824.
  4. Claro, R., 1994. Características generales de la ictiofauna. p. 55-70. A R. Claro (ed.) Ecología de los peces marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanología Academia de Ciencias de Cuba i Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo.
  5. IGFA, 2001. Base de dades de registres de pesca IGFA fins al 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Estats Units.
  6. 6,0 6,1 6,2 6,3 FishBase (anglès)
  7. Sommer, C., W. Schneider i J.-M. Poutiers, 1996. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Roma, Itàlia. 376 p.
  8. Harmelin-Vivien, M.L. i J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Monacanthidae. p. 1061-1066. A: J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post i L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisboa; SEI, París; i UNESCO, París. Vol. 2.
  9. Al Sakaff, H. i M. Esseen, 1999. Occurrence and distribution of fish species off Yemen (Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea). Naga ICLARM Q. 22(1):43-47.
  10. Allen, G.R. i M. Adrim, 2003. Coral reef fishes of Indonesia. Zool. Stud. 42(1):1-72.
  11. Aprieto, V.L. i E.P. Villoso, 1982. Demersal fish resources of Lingayen Gulf. Fish. Res. J. Phillips. 7(2):40-49.
  12. Bianchi, G., 1985. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine and brackish-water species of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of TCP/URT/4406 and FAO (FIRM) Regular Programme. FAO, Roma, Itàlia. 199 p.
  13. Béarez, P., 1996. Lista de los peces marinos del Ecuador continental. Rev. Biol. Trop. 44(2):731-741.
  14. Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina i B. Rodríguez, 1992. Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Roma. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamiento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD.
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  20. Freitas, M. i M. Biscoito, 2002. First record of Aluteres scriptus and Aluteres monoceros (Pisces, Tetraodontiformes, Monacanthidae) from the archipelagoes of Madeira and Selvagens (NE Atlantic). Bocagiana (206):1-7.
  21. Ganaden, S.R. i F. Lavapie-Gonzales, 1999. Common and local names of marine fishes of the Philippines. Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Filipines. 385 p.
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  24. Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte i J. Altamar, 2004. Atlas pesquero del área norte del Mar Caribe de Colombia. Universidad del Magadalena, Santa Marta. 230 p.
  25. Herre, A.W.C.T., 1924. Poisonous and worthless fishes. An account of the Philippine plectroganths. Philipp. J. Sci. 25(4):415-511.
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Bibliografia

  • Anònim, 2000. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica.
  • Anònim, 2001. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes.
  • Anònim, 2002. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, NY 10024-5192, Estats Units.
  • Bussing, W.A. i R.J. Lavenberg, 1995. Monacanthidae. Cachúas, lijas. p. 1278-1280. A: W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter i V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identificación de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacífico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Roma.
  • Eschmeyer, William N.: Genera of Recent Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. iii + 697. ISBN 0-940228-23-8. Any 1990.
  • Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
  • Hardy, J.D. Jr., 2003. Coral reef fish species. NOAANational Oceanographic Data Center. NODC Coral Reef Data and Information Management System. Estats Units. 537 p.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts (Estats Units), 1997.
  • Hutchins, J.B., 1984. Monacanthidae. A: W. Fischer i G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 3. FAO, Roma. pag. var.
  • Hutchins, J.B., 2001. Monacanthidae. Filefishes (leatherjackets). p. 3929-3947. A: K.E. Carpenter i V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae). FAO, Roma.
  • Lighthill, J. i R. Blake, 1990. Biofluidynamics of balistiform and gymnotiform locomotion. Part 1. Biological background and analysis by elongated-body theory. J. Fluid Mech. 212:183-207.
  • Lindsey, C.C., 1978. Form, function and locomotory habits in fish. p. 1-100. A: W. S. Hoar i D. J. Randall (eds.) Fish Physiology VII. Academic Press, Nova York.
  • Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Prentice-Hall. Any 2000.
  • Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea i J.D. Williams, 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland, Estats Units.
  • Nelson, J.S. 2006: Fishes of the world. Quarta edició. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, Nova Jersey, Estats Units. 601 p.
  • Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174.
  • Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Pub. (20):183 p.
  • Tortonese, E., 1979. Monacanthidae. p. 643. A: J. C. Hureau i Th. Monod (eds.) Check-list of the Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM). UNESCO, París. Vol. 1.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.


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Aluterus monoceros: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Aluterus monoceros és una espècie de peix de la família dels monacàntids i de l'ordre dels tetraodontiformes.

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Leubiem putéh

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Leubiem puteh

Leubiem putéh (nan Latèn: Aluterus monoceros) nakeuh saboh jeunèh eungkôt kareueng lam kawan leubiem nyang na di la'ôt Acèh. Eungkôt nyoe kayém geudrop lé ureueng meula'ôt keu geupeubloe.[1]

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Leubiem putéh: Brief Summary

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Leubiem putéh (nan Latèn: Aluterus monoceros) nakeuh saboh jeunèh eungkôt kareueng lam kawan leubiem nyang na di la'ôt Acèh. Eungkôt nyoe kayém geudrop lé ureueng meula'ôt keu geupeubloe.

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Unicorn leatherjacket

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The unicorn leatherjacket (Aluterus monoceros) is a filefish of the family Monacanthidae, found around the world in subtropical oceans between latitudes 43° N and 35° S, at depths down to 50 m. Its length is up to 76 cm.

Behavior

This species exhibits distinct pairing. Adults may form schools under weed rafts.

References

  1. ^ Matsuura, K.; Motomura, H.; Tyler, J. & Robertson, R. (2015). "Aluterus monoceros". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2015: e.T16404943A115353437. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T16404943A16509717.en. Retrieved 15 December 2017.

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Unicorn leatherjacket: Brief Summary

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The unicorn leatherjacket (Aluterus monoceros) is a filefish of the family Monacanthidae, found around the world in subtropical oceans between latitudes 43° N and 35° S, at depths down to 50 m. Its length is up to 76 cm.

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Aluterus monoceros ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Aluterus monoceros es una especie de peces de la familia Monacanthidae en el orden de los Tetraodontiformes.

Morfología

Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 76,2 cm de longitud total[1]​ y 2.710 g de peso.[2][3]

Alimentación

Come organismos bentónicos.

Hábitat

Es un pez de mar de clima tropical y asociado a los arrecifes de coral que vive entre 1-50 m de profundidad.

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra en las regiones tropicales de todos los océanos.

Referencias

  1. Claro, R., 1994. Características generales de la ictiofauna. p. 55-70. A R. Claro (ed.) Ecología de los peces marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanología Academia de Ciencias de Cuba i Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo.
  2. IGFA, 2001. Base de dades de registres de pesca IGFA fins al 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Estados Unidos.
  3. FishBase (en inglés)

Bibliografía

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Aluterus monoceros: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Aluterus monoceros es una especie de peces de la familia Monacanthidae en el orden de los Tetraodontiformes.

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Aluterus monoceros ( Basque )

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Aluterus monoceros Aluterus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Monacanthidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Espezie hau Agulhasko itsaslasterran aurki daiteke.

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Aluterus monoceros FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Aluterus monoceros: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Aluterus monoceros Aluterus generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Monacanthidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Ikan Barat-barat ( Malay )

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Ikan Barat-barat atau nama saintifiknya Alutera Monoceros merupakan ikan air masin dalam keluarga Monacanthidae, yang terdapat di lautan subtropika pada latitude antara 43° N and 35° S.

Ikan Barat-barat biasanya terdapat pada kedalaman sehingga 50 meter. Panjangnya boleh mencecah sehingga 76 cm.

Ia merupakan ikan yang penting secara komersial dan dijual di pasar-pasar sebagai makanan. Penangkapannya memerlukan lesen bagi memastikan ia tidak terancam oleh tangkapan melampau oleh nelayan komersial.[2].

Tabiat

Spesies ini menunjukkan berpasangan jelas. Ikan dewasa boleh membentuk kawasan di bawah rumpai terapung

Rujukan

  1. ^ Matsuura, K.; Motomura, H.; Tyler, J. & Robertson, R. (2015). "Aluterus monoceros". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2015: e.T16404943A115353437. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T16404943A16509717.en. Dicapai 15 December 2017.
  2. ^ Maklumat Ikan/Produk Ikan

Pautan luar

Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan Ikan Barat-barat Wikispesies mempunyai maklumat berkaitan dengan Ikan Barat-barat
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Ikan Barat-barat: Brief Summary ( Malay )

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Ikan Barat-barat atau nama saintifiknya Alutera Monoceros merupakan ikan air masin dalam keluarga Monacanthidae, yang terdapat di lautan subtropika pada latitude antara 43° N and 35° S.

Ikan Barat-barat biasanya terdapat pada kedalaman sehingga 50 meter. Panjangnya boleh mencecah sehingga 76 cm.

Ia merupakan ikan yang penting secara komersial dan dijual di pasar-pasar sebagai makanan. Penangkapannya memerlukan lesen bagi memastikan ia tidak terancam oleh tangkapan melampau oleh nelayan komersial..

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Aluterus monoceros ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vissen

Aluterus monoceros is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van vijlvissen (Monacanthidae).[2] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1758 door Linnaeus.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Aluterus monoceros op de IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  2. (en) Aluterus monoceros. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 12 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
22-10-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Aluterus monoceros ( Vietnamese )

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Cá bò da (Danh pháp khoa học: Aluterus monoceros) là một loài cá nóc thuộc họ Monacanthidae trong bộ cá nóc. Loài này còn được biết đến với tên gọi Cá bò giấy hay còn gọi là cá bò một gai lưng. Cá bò da là một trong số những đặc sản được nhiều người ưa thích bởi chúng có thịt thơm ngon, ít xương.

Đặc điểm

Thân có hình oval, thoi dài và dẹp bên với miệng nhọn dài, mặt nghiêng, miệng của con lớn lồi lên phía trên, phía dưới lõm. Vảy nhỏ, da nhám, miệng bé, răng dính liền với nhau tạo thành mỏ. Miệng nhỏ mở phía trên đường trung tâm, răng mạnh vừa phải, 6 chiếc ở hàng ngoài của hàm trên, 6 hoặc ít hơn ở hàng ngoài của hàm dưới. Mang mở một khe nhỏ ở bên của bệ ngực. Màu xám nhạt tới nâu xám, chấm nâu và vết nâu ở phía trên, vây lưng và vây hậu môn màu nâu vàng nhẹ, màng đuôi nâu đậm.

Vây lưng thứ nhất ở ngay trên giữa mắt giống như 1 gai lớn, Ngoài ra còn có 1 gai con thoái hóa khó tìm thấy, vây lưng thứ hai và vây hậu môn có hình dáng giống nhau và tia của chúng không phân nhánh, không có gai vây bụng nên còn gọi là cá Nóc không gai bụng. Vây đuôi ngắn hơn nhiều so với chiều dài đầu, trên gai vây lưng không có các gai nhỏ, toàn thân màu xám nhạt có những đốm màu nâu sẫm ở trên thân, các vây màu vàng. Kích cỡ khai thác 200 – 300 mm.

Loại cá này con lớn nặng hơn một ký, thân có hình thoi, da màu nâu. Khi lột da, nhìn bề ngoài thịt cá khô bóng, có màu trắng trong. Loài cá bò này thịt cá trắng phau, lại thơm, ngon, ngọt và dai như thịt gà, trông hấp dẫn nên được nhiều người ưa thích. Đặc biệt, xương cá là loại xương sụn, rất mềm. Với những ai thiếu chất canxi, nên ăn luôn xương cá để bổ sung canxi cho cơ thể.

Tập tính

Cá sống ở vùng có đá độ sâu 0 – 50 m, vùng nhiệt đới. Thỉnh thoảng chúng có trong vùng nước cạn cạnh những dốc đá. Một mình hoặc từng đôi, đôi khi nhóm 5 hoặc 6, ít nhất sâu hơn 10 mét. Cá nhỏ là cá nổi, thường thấy ở bên dưới những vật trôi nổi. Cá nhỏ thường ở gần những con sứa lớn, gần bờ đá. Cá lớn có thể ẩn mình ở những phiến đá gần những bờ đá trong vùng nước sâu. Những lúc khác, con lớn có thể tạo đàn bên dưới những đám rong thường tạo thành trong mùa mưa. Chúng ăn sinh vật đáy.

Ẩm thực

Ở Việt nam cá bò giấy nhỏ có nhiều ở vùng biển miền Trung, nhưng gần đây cạn kiệt. Cá lớn có ở miền Trung và miền Nam nhưng số lượng không lớn. Cá bò da tươi mua về được lấy nội tạng, lột sạch da. Cá chế biến thành nhiều món. Ở biển, khi cá bò da nhiều, người dân ở đây thường làm món phơi khô, ép thành miếng. cá tươi lột da rồi lấy phần thịt trắng trong, tẩm gia vị phơi khô, đem ép cán ra thành từng bánh có hình tròn rồi cho vào bì. Món này khi ăn phải nướng lửa than.

Ngoài món ép phơi khô, khách xa đến các làng biển thích nhất là món cá bò da nướng tươi. Cá nướng cũng làm sạch da và phải để nguyên con mới ngon. Tùy theo sở thích mà có thể ướp muối ớt trực tiếp lên con cá rồi nướng trên than lửa, cũng có thể lấy lá chuối, giấy bạc quấn con cá chưa tẩm gia vị rồi nướng. Cá bò có thể chế biến món kho, ăn dẻo rất ngon, không thua gì cá lóc kho tộ.

Chú thích

Tham khảo

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Aluterus monoceros: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Cá bò da (Danh pháp khoa học: Aluterus monoceros) là một loài cá nóc thuộc họ Monacanthidae trong bộ cá nóc. Loài này còn được biết đến với tên gọi Cá bò giấy hay còn gọi là cá bò một gai lưng. Cá bò da là một trong số những đặc sản được nhiều người ưa thích bởi chúng có thịt thơm ngon, ít xương.

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單角革魨 ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Aluterus monoceros
Linnaeus,1758

單角革魨,又稱單角革單棘魨薄葉單棘魨,俗名為白達仔、一角剝、光復魚是輻鰭魚綱魨形目鱗魨亞目單棘魨科的其中一

分布

本魚分布於全球溫帶及熱帶海域。

深度

水深10至30公尺。

特徵

本魚體呈長橢圓形,頭高約等於體高,成魚的吻會突出,上下頜齒楔形,上頜齒2列,下頜齒1列。體色為一致的淡灰褐色,腹部顏色較淡,頭及體側上有許多暗褐色的細點散布,其中以背側斑紋較濃密。本種魚無腹鰭棘,故腹部呈囊狀突起。尾柄細,尾鰭末端幾近截形,上下葉末端及中央較突出,故其形狀又近似倒3字形,顏色為深灰色;背鰭兩個,第一背鰭位於鰓孔上方,背鰭棘細長易斷,背鰭鰭條43至50枚,臀鰭鰭條45至52枚,皆為黃色。身體粗糙,披小鱗。體長可達75公分。

生態

本魚多在沿岸的岩礁區出沒,多成群活動,屬雜食性以底生動物及藻類為食。

經濟利用

可食用,但食用價值不高,剝皮去內臟再燒烤或油炸。

参考文献

 src= 维基物种中的分类信息:單角革魨
 title=
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單角革魨: Brief Summary ( Chinese )

provided by wikipedia 中文维基百科

單角革魨,又稱單角革單棘魨、薄葉單棘魨,俗名為白達仔、一角剝、光復魚是輻鰭魚綱魨形目鱗魨亞目單棘魨科的其中一

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ウスバハギ ( Japanese )

provided by wikipedia 日本語
ウスバハギ Aluterus monoceros.jpg
ウスバハギ A. monoceros
分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 条鰭綱 Actinopterygii : フグ目 Tetraodontiformes : カワハギ科 Monacanthidae : ウスバハギ属 Aluterus : ウスバハギ A. monoceros 学名 Aluterus monoceros
Linnaeus,1758和名 ウスバハギ(薄葉剥) 英名 Unicorn leatherjacket  src= ウィキスピーシーズにウスバハギに関する情報があります。  src= ウィキメディア・コモンズには、ウスバハギに関連するメディアがあります。

ウスバハギ(薄葉剥、学名 Aluterus monoceros)は、フグ目カワハギ科に属する海水魚の一種。全世界の熱帯・亜熱帯海域に分布する大形のカワハギで、食用にもなる。

地方名[編集]

日本での地方名は、ウスバ(各地)、シャクシハゲ、シャボテン(和歌山県南紀)、メンボウ(島根)、ハゲ(高知)、ツノコ、ウマヅラ、ハゲノウオ(鹿児島)、ヒガレンベ(鹿児島県甑島)、サンスナー(沖縄)、ナガサキイッカクハギ、シロウマ、オキハゲ、ウチワハギなど数多い[1][2][3]

特徴[編集]

成魚は全長75cmに達し、カワハギ科の中ではオーストラリア周辺海域産のNelusetta ayraud、あるいは同属種のソウシハギ A. scriptusに次ぐ大型種である[4]。体は前後に細長く、強く側扁する。標準和名の通り広葉樹ののような体形である。標準和名は日本における魚類学の基礎を築いた田中茂穂Shigeho Tanaka)の命名に因る[1]。体色は全体的に淡い灰色か褐色で、個体によっては淡い斑点やしま模様が出ることもあるが、特に目立つ模様は無い。

口は小さく、吻が突出する。口の下にも船首のような低い突出がある。背鰭の第1棘は目の上にあるが、カワハギ科他種よりもかなり細長く折れ易い。また腹鰭の棘もなく、別名の「ナガサキイッカクハギ」はここに由来する。尾柄は低くてやや長い。尾鰭は三角形だが幼魚では円みを帯びる[1][2]

全世界の熱帯・亜熱帯海域に分布する汎世界種である。日本では北海道以南で見られ[2]、南日本ほど個体数が多い。

沿岸域の水深200m以浅に生息する。幼魚は流れ藻や漂着物に付いて泳ぎ、成長すると群れで行動する。食性肉食性で、甲殻類多毛類貝類等の各種底生生物の他、クラゲ等も捕食する[2][4]

人間との関係[編集]

定置網釣り等の沿岸漁業で漁獲される。群れで行動するためまとまって漁獲され易い[2]

身は半透明の白身で、脂肪が少なく歯ごたえがある。新鮮なものは身だけではなく肝臓も食用にされる。肝臓はピンク色で、身とは逆に脂肪が多く甘みがある。可食部の質や利用法は同じカワハギ科のカワハギウマヅラハギと同様だが、本種は大形種だけに身の量が多い。料理法は刺身(薄造り)、煮魚鍋料理唐揚げ干物など多種多様である。

ただしシガテラ毒をもつという報告もあり、熱帯海域の大形個体には注意が必要である[4]

参考文献[編集]

  1. ^ a b c 蒲原稔治著・岡村収補訂『エコロン自然シリーズ 魚』1966年初版・1996年改訂 保育社 ISBN 4586321091
  2. ^ a b c d e 岡村収・尼岡邦夫監修『山渓カラー名鑑 日本の海水魚』(カワハギ科解説:松浦啓一)1997年 山と渓谷社 ISBN 4635090272
  3. ^ 本村浩之監修 いおワールドかごしま水族館『鹿児島の定置網の魚たち』2008年
  4. ^ a b c FishBase - Aluterus monoceros - Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2009.FishBase.World Wide Web electronic publication.www.fishbase.org, version(10/2009)
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ウスバハギ: Brief Summary ( Japanese )

provided by wikipedia 日本語

ウスバハギ(薄葉剥、学名 Aluterus monoceros)は、フグ目カワハギ科に属する海水魚の一種。全世界の熱帯・亜熱帯海域に分布する大形のカワハギで、食用にもなる。

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Description

provided by World Register of Marine Species
Inhabits reefs (Ref. 9318). Occasionally in shallow waters by steep drop-offs. Usually observed either singly or in pairs, occasionally in groups of five or six, at less than 10 m depth. Juveniles are pelagic, seen under floating objects (Ref. 9318).

Reference

Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023).

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WoRMS Editorial Board
contributor
Edward Vanden Berghe [email]

Distribution

provided by World Register of Marine Species
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to Argentina

Reference

North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)

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Kennedy, Mary [email]