NO NAME!

Slo.: jamiasta mlenica - Habitat: Southeast inclined mountain slope, mixed forest, predominantly Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies, calcareous bedrock, in shade, relatively warm place. partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevations 980 m (3.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: forest soil. - Comments: Growing scattered, several fruitbodies present, pileus diameter up to 14 cm (5.5 inch), milk sparse, initially white rapidly changing to yellow with green tint, milk taste burning, smell almost non, SP white to light crème. Spores warty. Spore dimensions: 8.7 (SD = 0.5) x 7,1 (SD = 0.4) micr., Q = 1.24 (SD = 0.08), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. - Ref.: (1) R.Lueder, Grundkurs Pilzbestimmung, Quelle & Meyer (2008), p 190. (2) A.Poler, Veselo po gobe (in Slovene), Mohorjeva druba Celovec (2002), p 222. (3) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 82. (4) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 73. (5) R.M.Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 936.

Slo.: raznolini luknjiar - syn.: Polyporus leptocephalus (Jacq.) Fr., Polyporus elegans - Habitat: mountain lake shore, in willow thickets, among tall herbs, flat terrain, calcareous alluvial, skeletal ground; in shade, humid place, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 2.800 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 960 m (3.150 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: fallen, dead trunk of Salix eleagnos in its initial disintegration stage. Comments: Assuming this find belongs to Polyporus Fr. (sens.lat.) large measured spores point to the group Polyporus s.str. with only two members in Europe, namely Polyoprus tuberaster and Polyporus squamosus (Ref.1). Since Polyporus tuberster grows on ground from a sclerotium the only candidate from this group remains Polyporus squamoss. However, density of pores (measured 5-6 pores/mm; typical for Polyporus squamosus 1-2/mm) apparently exclude this option. Also, pilei surface do not show even a trace of radially arranged darker squamules so typical for Polyporus squamosus. So, this option seems out. On the other hand macroscopic traits fit well to Polyporud varius. Pilei size, density of pores, pilei color (for young pilei), decurrent pores, black, short, relatively thin stipe and substratum all speak in favor of this determination. However, measured spores are way too big. I have no convincing explanation for this discrepancy. May be that the sporocarps found were too young to sporulate and that the spores measured belong to some other fungi in the vicinity of the find? SP was (if at all) very faint, practically invisible for the naked eye. Growing solitary and in a single group of four pilei fuzzed at the base; pilei diameter up to 6.5 cm; stipe short, thin compared to pilei diameter, almost entirely black; context firm, leathery, almost difficult to cut; when dry very hard; context slowly darkening to light brown when cut; pore surface also darkening to light brown when handled; smell distinct, mushroomy, pleasant; taste distinct, mushroomy, slightly unpleasant after a while; SP almost none. Spores smooth. Dimensions: 13 [13.9 ; 14.4] 15.2 x 4.9 [5.4 ; 5.7] 6.1 microns; Q = 2.3 [2.5 ; 2.6] 2.8; N = 20; C = 95%; Me = 14.1 x 5.5 microns. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF Ref.: (1) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, part 2., Synopsis Fungorum 7., Fungiflora A/S (1994), p 586. (2) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 298. (3) S.Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 510. (4) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 510. (5) A.Bernicchia, S.P.Gorjon, Cortitiaceaes.i., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., EdizioniCandusso (2010), p 473. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1060. (7) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 562. (8) L. Ryvarden, Polyporaceae of North Europe, Vol. I & II, Islo (1978). (9) S. Domanski, H. Orlos, A. Skirgiello, Grzby, Polyporaceac II, Mucronoporaceae II, Springfield, Warshaw (1967).

Slo.: blaga mlenica - Syn: Lactarius brittanica, Lactarius ichoratus, Batsch ex Fr. (Moser) - Habitat: Old Fagus sylvatica secondary forest, northeast oriented mountain slope, locally almost flat terrain, calcareous bedrock, in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevation 805 m (2,600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: forest soil with plenty of Fagus sylvatica rotten leaves. - Comments: Growing in a single group, pileus diameter up to 5-6 cm (2 inch). Taste and smell mild, indistinctive. Spore print crème with slight red-brown tint. Milk white, not changing color with time, with mild taste, not abundant. Spores seem somewhat too big?? Spore dimensions: Warty, 9,0 (SD = 0,6) x 7,6 (SD = 0,4) micr., Q = 1,18 (SD = 0,07), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. - Ref.: (1) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 90. (2) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 983. (3) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6094~source~gallerychooserresult.asp. (4) Personal communication with Mr. Anton Poler and Mr. Bojan Rot, http://www.gobenabovskem.si/ .

Slo.: jelkov bradovec - Habitat: Maintenance depot of Bovec golf playground, flat terrain, ruderal place, north oriented side of a container for sand made of massive wooden beams already partly decomposed, fairly sunny place, humid air conditions, near Gljun stream, limestone bedrock, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 370 m (1.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: old treated beams of conifer wood, supposedly Abies alba, possibly also Picea abies, certainly not a broad leaved tree. - Comments: A rare find and in addition on a very unusual place. Two fruitbodies found, width up to 18 cm, spikes length 15 (20) mm, SP whitish, light beige (oac900-oac851), flesh whitish; taste mild, pleasant, mushroomy; smell mild, mushroomy. - Spores finely warty, barely seen with my microscope. Dimensions: 5.5 (SD = 0.2) x 5.2 (SD = 0.2) micr., Q = 1.06 (SD = 0.05), n = 30. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, oil, magnification 1.000 x, in water. Camera AmScope MA500. - Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'R' representing a rare species. - Ref.: (1) A. Bernicchia & F. Padovan, Preliminary distributional data on Hericiaceae (Basidiomycetes) in Italy http://www.herbmedit.org/bocconea/5-853.pdf (2) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 99. (3) http://champignons.moselle.free.fr/cha/hericium_flagellum_1.htm . (4) http://www.mycobank.org/MycoTaxo.aspx?Link=T&Rec=469436 . (5) http://www.grzyby.pl/gatunki/Hericium_flagellum.htm .

Slo.: rdececa zvitocevka - syn.: Trametes rubescens (A.& S.) - Habitat: mixed woods, humid, shady and relatively cold place, on fallen log of a deciduous tree, precipitations >3.000 mm/year

Slo.: modri krasotec - syn.: Pulcherricium caeruleum (Lam.:Fr.) Parm., Thelephora caerulea Fr. - Habitat: Mixed wood, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant, modestly inclined mountain slope; southeast aspect, locally almost flat terrain; shallow, calcareous ground; mostly in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 565 m (1.850feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: wooden lath, part of a wooden door in wire fence; wood of Robinia pseudoacacia, almost intact or in the earliest stage of disintegration. Comments: Terana caerulea is one of the most beautiful and intensively colored crust fungi I know. Its iridescent cobalt blue color is almost an unmistakable trait for determination. This find was not really attractive; however two things are very interesting. The first is unusual substratum. Robinia pseudoacacia is not mentioned as a possible substratum in my books and I was also unable to find it listed on internet sources. The second is that the wood (lath) was machine processed and almost intact, not at all rotten. I usually find this species on quite rotten branches of Corylus avellana and Fagus sylvatica in regularly moist environment. The fungus is known from all continents and all European countries, but with prevalent southern distribution. It is very rare in boreal areas. However, it is more and more frequently found in northern regions presumably due to warming of global climate (Ref.: 4). Ref.: (1) A. Bernicchia, S.P. Gorjon, Cortitiaceaes, Fungi Europaei ,Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), pp 650. (2) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 530. (3) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 322. (4) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 342.

Slo.: malinova golobica - syn.: Russula alutacea (Pers.) Fr., Russula alutacea subsp. romellii (Maire) Singer - Habitat: grassland, former pasture gradually overgrowing with Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies; flat, calcareous, old alluvial ground; quite in shade; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 5-7 deg C, elevation 980 m (3.200 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Comments: From far I thought I found Russula queletii. But totally white stipe, distinctly colored gills and the fact that it had mild taste quickly ruled this option out. Very dense, straw colored, very sparsely branched, with entire edge gills and almost no short gills that extend only part way to stipe, as well as other macroscopically traits and dimensions and surface ornamentation of spores fit well to Russula romellii. However, whenever I call to mind how many species exist in this genus I start to doubt in my determinations. Growing solitary. Pileus diameter 10.5 cm, taste and smell mild; SP beige-yellow-ocher, oac 812. Spores coarsely warty and/or spiny with ridges. Dimensions: 6.6 [7.7 ; 8.1] 9.3 x 5.7 [6.7 ; 7.1] 8.1 microns; Q = 1 [1.1 ; 1.2] 1.3; N = 40; C = 95%; Me = 7.9 x 6.9 microns. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water in vivo. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 12345, Ulmer (2000), p 501. (2) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 314. (3) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.6., Verlag Mykologia (2005), p 234. (4) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 33. (5) L. Hagar, Ottova Encyklopedia Hb, Ottova Nakladatelstvi, Praha (2015) (in Slovakian), p 411.

Slo.: mesnordea opnovka - Habitat: Mixed secondary forest with many large Corylus avellana, east oriented mountain slope, locally almost flat terrain, mostly in shade, humid place, shallow soil layer, calcareous ground, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 400 m (1.300 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: dead fallen thick branch of Corylus avellana. - Comments: Spores smooth, dimensions: 9.1 (SD =0.9 ) x 4.6 (SD = 0.4) micr., Q = 2.06 (SD = 0.22), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. - Ref.: (1) http://www.mycobank.org/BioloMICSServer.aspx?Link=T&Rec=198384 . (2) http://www.naturamediterraneo.com/forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=22722 7 . (3) http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_83/rsnz_83_02_003990.pdf .

Slo.: cinobrasti drobnoluknjicar - Habitat: Light forest and bushes, mainly Corylus avelana and Ostrya carpinifolia, NW oriented calcareous mountain slope, quite sunny, exposed to direct rain, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 780 m (2.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: fallen rotten branch of Corylus avelana

Slo.: dlakava slojevka - Habitat: South inclined mountain slope, mostly broadleaf forest with individual Picea abies, calcareous conglomerate ground, quite humid but warm place, partly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 485 m (1.600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: half dead, standing Acer platanoides. - Comments: Growing in groups of many fruitbodies all over the trunk almost from bottom to up to 3 m (10 feet) above ground. Pilei in rather dry state, up to 5 cm (2 inch) across and 2.5 cm (one inch) from the substratum, zonate, beige, reddish, brown, green (algae), flesh leathery and tough, hymenium smooth. Smell mild, mushroomy. SP very faint, whitish (?). No milk secreted when injured. - See characteristic dark line between hymenophore and tomentum. - Spore smooth, cylindrical to ellipsoid. Dimensions: 6.4 (SD = 0.5 ) x 3.2 (SD = 0.3) micr., Q = 1.98 (SD = 0.18), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. - Ref.: (1) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 316. (2) A.Bernicchia, S.P.Gorjon, Cortitiaceae s.i., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), pp 636. (3) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 334. (4) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 60.

Slo.: rombasti luknjicar - Habitat: Wood-side of a pasture land, southeast oriented slopes, partly sunny, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 570 m (1.900 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: rotten thick branch of a deciduous tree lying on ground among grasses. - Comment: Determination not certain. Based on field characters only. - Ref.: A.Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l. in Italia, Instituto di Patologia Vegetale, Uni. degli Studi di Bologna (1990), pp462.

Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. . Indiana United States of America

Cuerpos fructíferos de Cantharellus cibarius Fr.

Cuerpos fructíferos de Daedalea hydnoides I. Lindblad & Ryvarden Foto: Loengrin Umaña

Detalle de los poros de Tinctoporellus epimiltinus (Berk. & Br.) Ryv.Foto: Eduardo Alvarado.

Slo.: črneča velezračenka - Habitat: Light, mixed, predominantly hardwood woodland, dominant Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Quercus sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Corylus avellana; nearly flat terrain, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh), partly rain protected by trees canopies, mostly in shade, precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 480 m (1.575feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: a large stump and roots of a cut down tree in its final stage of disintegration; tree species undistinguishable; most probably Fagus sylvatica, but possibly also Quercus sp. (several trees growing in the vicinity). - Comments: Growing solitary (probably a single mycelium), however in three groups of pilei on the same tree; they were about 1 m (3 feet) apart, the largest group about 40 cm (16 inch) in diameter; taste strong, mushroomy, unpleasant; smell slightly unpleasant, indistinctive; flesh strongly fibrous; SP whitish; pore surface bruising when handled, first ochre, then brown, then blackish, but not fast, the process takes several ten minutes. - Spores smooth. Dimensions: 5.7 (SD= 0.3) x 4.8 (SD= 0.2) μ, Q= 1.2 (SD= 0.06), n= 30. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water.AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) S.Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 505. (2) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 301. (3) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 547. (4) M.Bon, Parey'sBuch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 314. (5) R.Lueder, GrundkursPilzbestimmung, Quelle& Meyer (2008), p 338. (6) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1065.

Slo.: satjasti lukniar - Syn.: Polyporus mori, Hexagonia mori - Habitat: Hardwood forest with a few scattered Picea abies, S oriented hill slope, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) bedrock, in shade, humid and relatively warm place, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 490 m (1.600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: still hanging dead stalk of Clematis vitalba, about 12 - 14 mm (0.5 inch) in diameter and 30 cm (one foot) above ground. - Comments: Unusual substratum - dead Clematis vitalba. None of sources checked mentions Clematis as a possible substratum; fairly aged fruitbody; growing solitary, pileus diameter 28 mm (1.2 inch) yellow-beige (oac855), pores concolorous with the cap, stipe 4 mm in diameter about 5 mm (0.2 inch) long, slightly lighter than cap, no black color on it. SP faint whitish. - Spore dimensions: 10.8 (SD = 0.7) x (SD = 3.7) micr., Q = 2.96 (SD = 0.22), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. Congo red. -Ref.: (1) A.Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 455. (2) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 602.

Slo.: brezlina kostenelka - syn.: Polyporus amorphus Fr. - Habitat: mixed wood, Picea abies, Ostrya carpinifolia and Fagus sylvatica dominant trees, moderately inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; colluvial, calcareous, skeletal ground; relatively dry and warm place; in shade; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 625 m (2.050 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: cutoff, partly debarked trunk of Picea abies lying on ground; on bark, on debarked wood and on laterally cut wood. - Comments: Growing on bark, on debarked wood, in between and on laterally cut wood in many fruit bodies, which were in resupinate, effuse-reflexed and pileate form; the resupinate form up to 12 x 6 cm in size, pilei confluent and up to 25 x 6(10) mm large; context duplex with a gelatinous layer above (very thin) tube layer and white cottony upper layer, all layers together 1.5 - 2.5 mm thick; fruitbodies soft, pliant when fresh and hard when dry; smell pleasant, mushroomy, slightly aromatic like perfumed soap, taste indistinctive (tasting on Picea bark); 5% KOH reaction on pore layer distinctly red, on pilei upper surface less pronounced, muddy orange-brown; SP very faint, probably whitish. - Comparing pictures in the literature and internet (pore layer color?), the find could also be similar and closely related Skeletocutis carneogrisea. However, the latter has somewhat smaller spores, is almost always resupinated (doesn't form pilei) and red KOH reaction is not reported (Ref.: 1). Since other traits fit well to literature I decided for Skeletocutis amorpha. - Spores smooth, allantoid. Dimensions: 3.8 [4.2 ; 4.4] 4.9 x 1.2 [1.4 ; 1.5] 1.7 microns; Q = 2.5 [2.9 ; 3.1] 3.4; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 4.3 x 1.5 microns; Qe = 3. Generative hypha with clamps. Basidia dimensions: 12 [14 ; 15.5] 17.5 x 3.7 [4.3 ; 4.7] 5.3 microns; Q = 2.5 [3.1 ; 3.5] 4; N = 13; C = 95%; Me = 14.8 x 4.5 microns; Qe = 3.3. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores, basidia); NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x (hypha), in water, Congo red. AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, Part 2., Synopsis Fungorum 7., Fungiflora A/S (1994), p 621. (2) A. Bernicchia, S.P. Gorjon, Cortitiaceae s.l., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), p 502. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 577. (4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 290. (5) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 506. Nikon D700/Nikkor Micro 105mm/f2.8