Subgenus Nolanea with a cutis-type pileipellis, often with more conical or papillate pilei, basidiomes often with brownish coloration and sometimes with a distinct odor. Stipes usually very straight and tall, often silvery-striate.
Sugbenus Entoloma with a cutis or ixocutis of often shorter hyphae, basidiocarps usually less dramatically pigmented and larger, pileui sometimes viscid, stature tricholomatoid and much larger and fleshier, odor more often farinaceous.
Saprotrophic, often in mushroom-poor habitats. In the Pacific Western states primarily under redwood, cypress, and Western Red Cedar, but also in mossy areas, under Douglas-Fir, Tanoak, and Madrone. In Europe often in grassy, unfertilized pastureland or meadows.
Cosmopolitan.
Basidiocarps usually collybioid or mycenoid, more rarely tricholomatoid or omphalinoid.
Section Cyanula often with steel grey to blue to midnight blue or blue-black pigments.
Section Leptonia often with browner or yellow-brown coloration, but also with bluish pigments in some members.
Other taxa have rosy, pink, or pale coloration.
Pileus dry, densely tomentulose at the disc and outwards squamulose to appressed squamulose or apressed-scaly with a glabrous at the margin in Section Cyanula.
Smooth or most often radially fibrillose to scaly to apressed squamulose in Section Leptonia. Margin sometimes striate (taxonomically important) or translucent striate. Pigmentation may change dramatically from youth to maturity.
Lamellae thin, close to more well spaced, sometimes venose, usually adnate, sometimes adnexed or seceding, rarely decurrent. Pale, sometimes with a bluish cast, sometimes aging yellowish (taxonomically important), sometimes with an uneven margin, sometimes with a darkened margin (very taxonomically significant).
Stipe grey, bluish, tan to yellow-brown to pallid (taxonomically important). Smooth to scaly or densley fibrillose (taxonomically important), hollow, sometimes with a prominent boot of mycelial tomentum, staining reactions of this mycelium may be taxonomically important.
Macrochemical reactions obscure and rarely taxonomically important.
Pileipellis often a trichodermium at the disc and a cutis with transitions to a trichoderm outwards, also often a palisade-trichoderm (hymeniderm). In Section Leptonia either with clamps or with elements (sometimes rounded) in distinct chains (ie. submoniliform or a calliderm). Usually discoloring to wine brown or red-brown in KOH, diagnostically remaining blue in Leptonia carnea. Usually with intracellular pigmentation, sometimes encrusted (should be viewed in a saturated sugar or salt solution).
Lamellar trama subparallel, with reflective granules.
Basidia typically clavate and 4-spored, sometimes 2-spored (important), not often of great taxonomic importance.
Spores distinctly 5-7 angular with prominent hilar appendage, usually heterodiametric (high Q value). Length taxonomically important (> or < 10 microns).
Pleurocystidia usually absent.
Cheilocystidia sometimes present, sometimes pigmented, of taxonomic importance, tibiiform to capitate in Section Rhamphocystotae.
Caulocystidia often present as clavate to irregularly cylindrical or flexuous hyphae.
Presence/absence of clamps of taxonomic importance.
Leptonia is a genus of fungi in the order Agaricales, frequently treated as a subgenus of Entoloma. Called pinkgills in English, basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaricoid, mostly (but not always) mycenoid (like species of Mycena) with slender stems.[1] All have salmon-pink basidiospores which colour the gills at maturity and are angular (polyhedral) under a microscope. Recent DNA evidence has shown that at least 12 species belong in Leptonia in temperate Europe and Asia.[1]
Leptonia was introduced in 1821 by the Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries as a "tribe" of Agaricus comprising small, slender agarics with convex to flat caps and pink spores.[2] In 1871 German mycologist Paul Kummer raised the tribe to genus level.[3] The name has been used by many subsequent mycologists,[4][5][6] but others have preferred to use the name Entoloma sensu lato for all fungi with pink, angular spores, retaining Leptonia as a subgenus.[7]
Recent molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that Leptonia, as previously defined, is paraphyletic (an artificial grouping).[8] By excluding species unrelated to the type, however, Leptonia has been redefined as a monophyletic (natural) grouping.[1] In this new sense, Leptonia has so far been treated as a subgenus of Entoloma.[1]
The redefined Leptonia is substantially smaller than before and excludes Entoloma cyanulum, Entoloma serrulatum, and related species (now placed in subgenus Cyanula), Entoloma cocles and related species (now placed in subgenus Griseorubida), and Entoloma watsonii and related species (now placed in subgenus Rhamphocystotae).[1]
Leptonia is a genus of fungi in the order Agaricales, frequently treated as a subgenus of Entoloma. Called pinkgills in English, basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaricoid, mostly (but not always) mycenoid (like species of Mycena) with slender stems. All have salmon-pink basidiospores which colour the gills at maturity and are angular (polyhedral) under a microscope. Recent DNA evidence has shown that at least 12 species belong in Leptonia in temperate Europe and Asia.
