Verbena brasiliensis, verbena lila, ye una especie botánica de planta con flor de la familia de les Verbenaceae
Ye endémica d'Arxentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Paraguái, Uruguái.
Ye un subarbusto yerbácea, por demás ramificada, tarmos cuadrangulares de 8-13 (18) dm d'altor, fueyes opuestes, serruchaes de la metá escontra'l ápiz, 2-7 cm de llargu; con munches inflorescencies cilíndicas terminales,[1] qu'abren repetidamente ente abril-mayu y ochobre-payares; flores diminutes,[2] 5-pétalos, atrayendo enforma a abeyes, colibríes
En fervinchu de fueyes ye dixestiva, febrífuga. Y de flores sedante y tónicu cardiacu. Tien aceites esenciales.[3]
Verbena brasiliensis describióse por José Mariano da Conceição Vellozo y espublizóse en Florae Fluminensis, seu, Descriptionum plantarum parectura Fluminensi sponte mascentium liber primus ad systema sexuale concinnatus 17. 1825[1829].[4]
Verbena: nome xenéricu que ye un antiguu nome llatín de la verbena común europea.[5]
brasiliensis: epítetu xeográficu qu'alude al so localización en Brasil.
Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Botánica, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies. Verbena brasiliensis, verbena lila, ye una especie botánica de planta con flor de la familia de les Verbenaceae
Verbena brasiliensis (lat. Verbena brasiliensis) - minaçiçəyikimilər fəsiləsinin minaçiçəyi cinsinə aid bitki növü.
İkiləpəlilər ilə əlaqədar bu məqalə qaralama halındadır. Məqaləni redaktə edərək Vikipediyanı zənginləşdirin. Verbena brasiliensis (lat. Verbena brasiliensis) - minaçiçəyikimilər fəsiləsinin minaçiçəyi cinsinə aid bitki növü.
Verbena brasiliensis, the Brazilian verbena or Brazilian vervain, is a flowering plant species from the vervain family (Verbenaceae). It is native to parts of South America, namely Brazil, but has spread its range in recent times and has occasionally become an invasive weed. It is an annual plant with purple flowers, and it has been introduced outside of its native range as an ornamental plant, and is now largely considered an invasive weed in these regions.[1][2]
In the past, several botanists have mistakenly applied the scientific name of the purpletop vervain, V. bonariensis, to this species.[3] As a consequence, the common names "Brazilian verbena" and "Brazilian vervain" are sometimes erroneously applied to the purpletop vervain.[4]
Verbena brasiliensis is an erect herb with serrate leaves and overlapping fruits.[5] Its flowers are usually purplish in color.[6] This plant exhibits a terminal inflorescence, with flowers grouped closely together.[7] It grows as a forb, herb, or subshrub.[2] The stems are roughly 1 meter tall and mostly glabrous below and scabrous-pubescent above. While the lower branches exhibit opposite arrangement, the upper branches grow in an irregular formation. The stem is mildly indented at the nodes. The leaves are membranaceous and have connate bases and have a mildly pubescent underside. The calyx of the flowers is about 3 mm long, five-lobed, and tubular. Nerves in the calyx extend beyond the lobes to form teeth. The posterior nerve is always shortest. The corolla is formed of fused petals that spread open at the end, and is just a little longer than the calyx. The flower possesses reproductive organs of both sexes. The ovary is superior and bicarpellary. The fruit is a schizocarp, a type of dry fruit that splits when mature. It is encased in the calyx, and released by the shortest posterior nerve of the calyx. The nutlets are triangular in cross section and are about 2 mm long each. Four nutlets are generally produced by each fruit, with two per each carpel.[8] Verbena brasiliensis reproduces sexually via seed production.[9]
Verbena brasiliensis is often confused with Verbena litoralis because they are found in similar habitats. However, their inflorescences are different enough to easily separate the species. Verbena brasiliensis has short and compact spikes in open cymes, whereas Verbena litoralis has longer spikes that are arranged in paniculate cymes.[8]
Verbena brasiliensis was described by Vellozo and published in Florae Fluminensis in 1829. The lectotype is located in Rio de Janeiro.[10][11]
Synonyms include Verbena approximata Briq., Verbena brasiliensis var. brasiliensis, Verbena brasiliensis var. subglabrata Moldenke, Verbena chacensis Moldenke, Verbena hansenii Greene, Verbena isabellei Briq., Verbena litoralis f. angustifolia Chodat, Verbena litoralis var. brasiliensis (Vell.) Briq. ex Munir, Verbena litoralis f. congesta (Moldenke) Moldenke, Verbena litoralis var. congesta Moldenke, Verbena quadrangularis Vell., and Verbena paucifolia Turczaninow Bull. Soc. Imp.[10][12]
Verbena brasiliensis is currently found in many regions, including North America, Oceania, Africa, Asia, and Europe, where it is largely considered invasive. Verbena brasiliensis is native in South America, specifically, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay. There, it grows in dry conditions on agricultural fields and is considered a weed. In locations where it is invasive, it grows well in man-made areas or riverine environments.[7] In the United States, it is found mostly in grasslands, rangelands, riparian zones, urban areas, and wetlands.[1] The US states where the plant occurs include Oregon, California, Texas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, and Hawaii.[12]
Verbena brasiliensis has been used as a garden and ornamental plant. It has been cultivated within and largely outside of its native range for aesthetic uses.[1]
Bees are attracted to Verbena brasiliensis as pollinators, as documented in Florida.[13]
Verbena brasiliensis has been documented as a minor food source for large mammals and terrestrial birds, comprising 2-5% of their diet.[12]
Euphyes bayensis, or the Bay Skipper, is a small butterfly found only in herbaceous marshes in estuarine and coastal habitats. This butterfly is endemic to only two locations: one in Texas and one in Mississippi. It has been identified relying on Verbena brasiliensis as a significant source of nectar.[14]
Verbena brasiliensis poses a threat to native plants because it may displace them from their natural habitat. In the mid-south United States, it is considered significantly invasive. In the National Forest System of the United States, Verbena brasiliensis is banned.[1]
In mountain ecosystems of South Africa, invasive Verbena brasiliensis was recorded spreading to increasing elevations year after year, showing its resiliency and ability to spread and adapt.[15]
To prevent the spread of this invasive weed, it is recommended that this plant is not bought, sold, or planted as ornamental decoration because of its tendency to spread beyond the intended area.
For removal of Verbena brasiliensis, the herbicide Triclopyr 480 has been successfully used on this plant in South Africa. 2,4-D has been reported successful against Verbena brasiliensis as well.
Outstar, a blend of hexazinone and sulfometuron, was tested in the southeast United States, and Verbena brasiliensis was found to be tolerant of both active ingredients.[9]
Verbena brasiliensis, the Brazilian verbena or Brazilian vervain, is a flowering plant species from the vervain family (Verbenaceae). It is native to parts of South America, namely Brazil, but has spread its range in recent times and has occasionally become an invasive weed. It is an annual plant with purple flowers, and it has been introduced outside of its native range as an ornamental plant, and is now largely considered an invasive weed in these regions.
In the past, several botanists have mistakenly applied the scientific name of the purpletop vervain, V. bonariensis, to this species. As a consequence, the common names "Brazilian verbena" and "Brazilian vervain" are sometimes erroneously applied to the purpletop vervain.
Verbena brasiliensis, verbena lila, es una especie botánica de planta con flor de la familia de las Verbenaceae
Es endémica de Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Paraguay, Uruguay.
Es un subarbusto herbáceo, sumamente ramificada, tallos cuadrangulares de 8-13 (18) dm de altura, hojas opuestas, aserradas de la mitad hacia el ápice, 2-7 cm de largo; con muchas inflorescencias cilíndicas terminales,[1] que abren repetidamente entre abril-mayo y octubre-noviembre; flores diminutas,[2] 5-pétalos, atrayendo mucho a abejas, colibríes
En infusión de hojas es digestiva, febrífuga. Y de flores sedante y tónico cardíaco. Posee aceites esenciales.[3]
Verbena brasiliensis fue descrita por José Mariano da Conceição Vellozo y publicado en Florae Fluminensis, seu, Descriptionum plantarum parectura Fluminensi sponte mascentium liber primus ad systema sexuale concinnatus 17. 1825[1829].[4]
Verbena: nombre genérico que es un antiguo nombre latíno de la verbena común europea.[5]
brasiliensis: epíteto geográfico que alude a su localización en Brasil.
Verbena brasiliensis, verbena lila, es una especie botánica de planta con flor de la familia de las Verbenaceae
Verbena brasiliensis é uma espécie de planta com flor pertencente à família Verbenaceae.
A autoridade científica da espécie é Vell., tendo sido publicada em Florae Fluminensis, seu, Descriptionum plantarum parectura Fluminensi sponte mascentium liber primus ad systema sexuale concinnatus 17. 1825.[1]
Trata-se de uma espécie presente no território português, nomeadamente em Portugal Continental.
Em termos de naturalidade é introduzida na região atrás indicada.
Não se encontra protegida por legislação portuguesa ou da Comunidade Europeia.
Verbena brasiliensis é uma espécie de planta com flor pertencente à família Verbenaceae.
A autoridade científica da espécie é Vell., tendo sido publicada em Florae Fluminensis, seu, Descriptionum plantarum parectura Fluminensi sponte mascentium liber primus ad systema sexuale concinnatus 17. 1825.
狭叶马鞭草（学名：Verbena brasiliensis）为马鞭草科马鞭草属下的一个种。
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这是一篇與植物相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。 
Verbena bonariensis auct. non L.
英名 Brazilian vervainアレチハナガサ（荒地花笠、学名: Verbena brasiliensis）は、クマツヅラ科クマツヅラ属に分類される、草丈1-2mほどの多年草の一種。河川敷や道端に生育する。
淡紫色の花を咲かせる。花期は一般には8-9月頃とされるが、環境条件によって4月から12月までばらつきがある[2]。
![[icon]](http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small}
日本では、1957年頃から定着が確認されており、現在では本州（東北地方北部を除く）・四国・九州に帰化している[3]。日本の広い地域で分布が拡大しており、1996年以降の調査では全国の123河川のうち74河川で生育が確認されている[2]。セイタカアワダチソウやシナダレスズメガヤといった他の外来植物とともに、河川の在来種の植物の生育を妨げるなど植物相に大きな悪影響を与える恐れがあり、問題視されている[2]。一方で、外来生物法による特定外来生物もしくは要注意外来生物の指定はされていない。
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