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Southern Fire Ant

Solenopsis xyloni McCook 1879

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Distribution Notes

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collected from the Chiricahua Mtns, Cochise Co.
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California Academy of Sciences
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AntWeb. Version 8.45.1. California Academy of Science, online at https://www.antweb.org. Accessed 15 December 2022.
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Taxonomic History

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Solenopsis xyloni McCook, 1880 PDF: 188, figs. 37, 38 (s.w.q.) U.S.A. Nearctic. AntCat AntWiki HOL

Taxonomic history

Wheeler, 1915b PDF: 396 (m.); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1955c PDF: 133 (l.); Taber & Cokendolpher, 1988 PDF: 95 (k.).Junior synonym of Solenopsis geminata: Mayr, 1886d PDF: 460; Dalla Torre, 1893 PDF: 76.Revived from synonymy as subspecies of Solenopsis geminata: Wheeler, 1910a PDF: 563; Wheeler, 1915b PDF: 395.Revived status as species: Creighton, 1930b PDF: 98; Creighton, 1950a PDF: 232; Snelling, 1963 PDF: 9.Senior synonym of Solenopsis maniosa: Trager, 1991 PDF: 166.Senior synonym of Solenopsis pylades: Trager, 1991 PDF: 166.
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AntWeb. Version 8.45.1. California Academy of Science, online at https://www.antweb.org. Accessed 15 December 2022.
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Distribution

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N. C. s. to Fla., w. to Colo., Calif.; Mexico.
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Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. 1979. Prepared cooperatively by specialists on the various groups of Hymenoptera under the direction of Karl V. Krombein and Paul D. Hurd, Jr., Smithsonian Institution, and David R. Smith and B. D. Burks, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Insect Identification and Beneficial Insect Introduction Institute. Science and Education Administration, United States Department of Agriculture.
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General Ecology

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Nests are in ground in exposed soil or under cover of stones or other objects, sometimes in wood; they are surmounted by irregular and variable-shaped mounds of loose soil. A serious pest in some parts of its range: builds ugly mounds on lawns, inflicts painful stings, steals seeds from seedbeds, kills young poultry and other birds, girdles nursery stock, gnaws into buds, tubers, and fruits of various plants, bites holes in fabrics such as silk, nylon, and linen, removes rubber insulation from telephone wires, and feeds on household foods.
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bibliographic citation
Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. 1979. Prepared cooperatively by specialists on the various groups of Hymenoptera under the direction of Karl V. Krombein and Paul D. Hurd, Jr., Smithsonian Institution, and David R. Smith and B. D. Burks, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Insect Identification and Beneficial Insect Introduction Institute. Science and Education Administration, United States Department of Agriculture.
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Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico

Southern fire ant

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The southern fire ant (Solenopsis xyloni), also known as the Californian fire ant or cotton ant,[1]: 89  is a stinging fire ant native to southern parts of the United States.[2][3][4] Its behaviour is similar to the red imported fire ant (S. invicta), although its sting is less painful. It has a broad and opportunistic diet, and will store seeds in its nest and eat honeydew collected from other insects.[1]: 91 [5][6]

The southern fire ant shares its range with the red imported fire ant (S. invicta), the golden fire ant (S. aurea) and S. amblychila. The southern fire ant has the widest distribution of these, occurring from the Carolinas to California, including Georgia, lowland Tennessee, Arkansas, and southern Kansas.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c Taber, Stephen (2000). Fire Ants. United States: Texas A&M University Press. p. 88. ISBN 9781603447119. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  2. ^ J.A., Weeks; Amanda C. Hodges; Norman C. Leppla. "Fact Sheet: Southern fire ant". Citrus Pests. Identification Technology Program. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  3. ^ Coleman; David C. Coleman; Paul F. Hendrix (2000). Invertebrates as Webmasters in Ecosystems. CABI Publishing. p. 222. ISBN 0-85199-394-X.
  4. ^ Higenkamp, Kathryn (2006). Environmental Health: Ecological Perspectives. United States: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. p. 118. ISBN 9780763723774. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  5. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-02-04. Retrieved 2016-09-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. ^ "Fire Ant Lifecycle". 4 October 2019. Monday, 16 December 2019
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Southern fire ant: Brief Summary

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The southern fire ant (Solenopsis xyloni), also known as the Californian fire ant or cotton ant,: 89  is a stinging fire ant native to southern parts of the United States. Its behaviour is similar to the red imported fire ant (S. invicta), although its sting is less painful. It has a broad and opportunistic diet, and will store seeds in its nest and eat honeydew collected from other insects.: 91 

The southern fire ant shares its range with the red imported fire ant (S. invicta), the golden fire ant (S. aurea) and S. amblychila. The southern fire ant has the widest distribution of these, occurring from the Carolinas to California, including Georgia, lowland Tennessee, Arkansas, and southern Kansas.

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