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Image of chestnut rose
Creatures » … » Plants » … » Dicotyledons » … » Rose Family » …

Chestnut Rose

Rosa roxburghii Tratt.

Scientific Names

Preferred Names

Rosa roxburghii Tratt.
Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life
Rosa roxburghii
Species recognized by wikipedia 中文维基百科, wikipedia VI, Australia Species List, Canada Species List, China Species List, New Zealand Species List, Sweden Species List, Mexico Species List, NCBI, and United States Species List
Rosa roxburghii
Recognized by CalPhotos and Furui 2020
Rosa roxburghii Tratt.
Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1, EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1, GBIF classification, and Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species
Rosa roxburghii Trattinnick
Recognized by eFloras
Rosa roxburghii f. normalis
Form recognized by NCBI
Rosa roxburghii f. normalis Rehder & E. H. Wilson
Form recognized by GBIF national node type records Germany
Juzepczukia roxburghii
Recognized by BHL data coverage
Rosa forrestii
Species recognized by wikidata_hierarchy tar gz
Rosa roxburghii
Species recognized by wikidata_hierarchy tar gz, wikipedia FR, USDA PLANTS images, wikipedia EN, Wikidata Common Names, Wikimedia Commons, Barcode of Life Data Systems, Global Biotic Interactions, Global Biotic Interactions, iNaturalist data coverage, Wikipedia (inferred records), and TRY database summary
Rosa roxburghii Tratt.
Species recognized by Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024, iNaturalist, Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Hierarchy, GBIF data coverage, and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4
Rosa roxburghii f. normalis
Form recognized by wikidata_hierarchy tar gz
Rosa roxburghii f. normalis Rehder & E. H. Wilson
Recognized by iDigBio type specimen records
Rosa roxburghii f. normalis Rehder & E. H. Wilson ex Sarg.
Form recognized by NMNH type specimens

Alternative Names

Juzepczukia microphylla (Roxb.) Chrshan.
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life
Juzepczukia roxburghii (Tratt.) Chrshan.
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life
Platyrhodon macrophyllum Hurst
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life
Platyrhodon microphyllum (Roxb.) Hurst
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life
Rosa forrestii Focke
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life
Rosa microphylla var. glabra Regel
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life
Rosa roxburghii f. esetosa T. C. Ku
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life
Rosa roxburghii f. normalis Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life
Saintpierrea microphylla (Roxb.) Germain de Saint Pierre
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022
Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life
Juzepczukia microphylla (Roxb.) Chrshan.
Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1
Juzepczukia roxburghii (Tratt.) Chrshan.
Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1
Platyrhodon macrophyllum Hurst
Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1
Platyrhodon microphyllum (Roxb.) Hurst
Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1
Rosa forrestii Focke
Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1
Rosa microphylla var. glabra Regel
Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1
Rosa roxburghii f. normalis Rehder & E. H. Wilson
Authority according to NCBI
Rosa roxburghii fm. esetosa T. C. Ku
Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1
Rosa roxburghii fm. normalis Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1
Saintpierrea microphylla (Roxb.) Germain de Saint Pierre
Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1
Juzepczukia microphylla (Roxb.) Chrshan.
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4
Juzepczukia microphylla (Roxb.) Chrshan.
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Juzepczukia roxburghii (Tratt.) Chrshan.
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4
Juzepczukia roxburghii (Tratt.) Chrshan.
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Platyrhodon macrophyllum Hurst
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4
Platyrhodon macrophyllum Hurst
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Platyrhodon microphyllum (Roxb.) Hurst
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4
Platyrhodon microphyllum (Roxb.) Hurst
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Rosa forrestii Focke
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4
Rosa forrestii Focke
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Rosa microphylla Pamp.
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Rosa microphylla Roxb.
Ambiguous synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Rosa microphylla var. glabra Regel
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4
Rosa microphylla var. glabra Regel
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Rosa roxburghii f. esetosa T. C. Ku
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4
Rosa roxburghii f. esetosa T. C. Ku
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Rosa roxburghii f. normalis Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4
Rosa rubea subsp. semicuneatula Almq. & Jebe
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Saintpierrea microphylla (Roxb.) Germ.
Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024
Saintpierrea microphylla (Roxb.) Germain de Saint Pierre
Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4

Common Names

English

chestnut rose preferred
Recognized by USDA PLANTS images and Wikidata Common Names

Arabic

ورد ركسبوري preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Chinese

刺梨 preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
刺梨叶
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
刺梨子
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
刺梨根
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
单瓣缫丝花
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
单瓣缫丝花（变型）
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
缫丝花
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names (prefers this name)
缫丝花（刺梨）
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Japanese

イザヨイバラ preferred
Recognized by Furui 2020

Polish

Róża kasztanowa preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Arz

ورد روكسبيرجى preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zh Cn

缫丝花 preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zh Hans

刺梨 preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
刺穈
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
刺蘼
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
文光果
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
缫丝花
prefer
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zh Tw

缫絲花 preferred
Recognized by Wikidata Common Names
show 6 more languages
hide 6 languages

Curated hierarchies for Rosa roxburghii Tratt.

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Life
Cellular Organisms
Eukaryota
Archaeplastida
Chloroplastida
Streptophyta
Embryophytes
Tracheophyta
Spermatophytes
Angiosperms
Eudicots
Superrosids
Rosids
Rosales
Rosaceae
Rosa
Rosa roxburghii Tratt. (this page)
Rosa abietina Gren.
Rosa abrica Khat. & Koobaz
Rosa acicularis Lindl.
Rosa alexeenkoi Crep. ex Juzepczuk
Rosa altidaghestanica Sh. A. Guseinov
Rosa anemoniflora Fortune ex Lindl.
Rosa arensii Juzepczuk & Galushko
Rosa atlantica W. H. Lewis
Rosa baitagensis R. V. Kamelin & I. A. Gubanov
Rosa balsamica Bess.
Rosa banksiae R. Br. ex Aiton
Rosa beggeriana Schrenk
Rosa bella Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa bellicosa Nevski
Rosa blanda Aiton
Rosa bracteata J. C. Wendl.
Rosa calcarea Lipschitz & Sumnev.
Rosa centifolia L.
Rosa chinensis Jacquin
Rosa corymbifera Borkh.
Rosa corymbulosa Rolfe
Rosa cymosa Tratt.
Rosa cziragensis Sh. A. Guseinov
Rosa demetrii Chrshan.
Rosa dolichocarpa Galushko
Rosa facsarii Ker.-Nagy
Rosa farreri Stapf ex Stearn
Rosa fernaldiorum W. H. Lewis
Rosa fertilis Kult.
Rosa filipes Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa foliolosa Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray
Rosa freitagii J. Zielinski
Rosa gallica L.
Rosa glabrifolia C. A. Mey. ex Rupr.
Rosa glomerata Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa heckeliana Tratt.
Rosa hemisphaerica J. Herrm.
Rosa henkeri-schulzei Wissemann
Rosa henryana W. H. Lewis
Rosa hezhangensis T. L. Xu
Rosa huntica Chrshan.
Rosa iberica Stev.
Rosa inodora Fries
Rosa irysthonica Manden.
Rosa isaevii G. G. Gadzhieva & A. T. Iskenderov
Rosa jaroschenkoi G. G. Gadzhieva & A. T. Iskenderov
Rosa juzepczukiana I. T. Vasil'chenko
Rosa karaalmensis V. I. Tkachenko
Rosa kazarjanii Sosn.
Rosa khasautensis Galushko
Rosa komarovii Sosn.
Rosa longshoushanica L. Q. Zhao & Y. Z. Zhao
Rosa luciae Franch. & Rochebr.
Rosa macrophylla Lindl.
Rosa mairei H. Lév.
Rosa makinoana Ohba
Rosa marschalliana Sosn.
Rosa massiana W. H. Lewis
Rosa maximowicziana Regel
Rosa mollis Sm.
Rosa momiyamae H. Ohba
Rosa moschata J. Herrmann
Rosa multiflora Thunb.
Rosa murieliae Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa myriadena Greene
Rosa nipponensis Crep.
Rosa obtusifolia Desv.
Rosa onoei Makino
Rosa ossethica Manden.
Rosa ozcelikii Korkmaz & Kandemir
Rosa pendulina L.
Rosa persica Michx. ex J. F. Gmel.
Rosa pinnatifolia N. V. Mironova
Rosa piptocalyx Juzepczuk
Rosa pisiformis (Christ) D. Sosn.
Rosa potentilliflora Chrshan. & M. Pop.
Rosa pouzinii Tratt.
Rosa pricei Hayata
Rosa primula Boulenger
Rosa prokhanovii Galushko
Rosa pseudoscabriuscula (R. Keller) H. Henker & G. Schulze
Rosa pulcherrima Koidz.
Rosa rhaetica Gremli
Rosa rugosa Thunb.
Rosa salaevensis Rapin
Rosa sambucina Koidz.
Rosa schischkinii Juzepczuk
Rosa sempervirens L.
Rosa sergievskiana A. V. Polozhii & T. A. Prozorova
Rosa sericea Lindl.
Rosa sertata Rolfe
Rosa shangchengensis T. C. Ku
Rosa sikangensis T. T. Yu & T. C. Ku
Rosa sogdiana V. I. Tkachenko
Rosa tibetica T. T. Yu & T. C. Ku
Rosa tsinglingensis Pax & K. Hoffm.
Rosa uniflorella I. O. Buzunova
Rosa villosa L.
Rosa yuyamensis Uyeki
Rosa zhongdianensis T. C. Ku
209 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Biota
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales Bercht. & J. Presl
Rosaceae Juss.
Rosoideae Arn.
Rosa L.
Rosa roxburghii Tratt. (this page)
Rosa abietina Gren.
Rosa abrica Khat. & Koobaz
Rosa abyssinica R. Br.
Rosa acicularis Lindl.
Rosa adenophylla Galushko
Rosa agrestis Savi
Rosa alabukensis Tkatsch.
Rosa alberti Regel
Rosa arensii Juz. & Galushko
Rosa arkansana Port. & Coult.
Rosa awarica Husseinov
Rosa baitagensis Kamelin & Gubanov
Rosa baiyushanensis Q. L. Wang
Rosa balcarica Galushko
Rosa balsamica Besser
Rosa banksiae R. Br. ex Aiton
Rosa banksiopsis Baker
Rosa beauvaisii Cardot
Rosa beggeriana Schrenk
Rosa bella Rehder & E. H. Wilson
Rosa bellicosa Nevski
Rosa biebersteiniana Tratt.
Rosa blanda Aiton
Rosa boissieri Crép.
Rosa bridgesii Crép. ex Rydb.
Rosa brunonii Lindl.
Rosa buschiana Chrshan.
Rosa caesia Sm.
Rosa calantha Tkatsch.
Rosa calcarea Lipsch. & Sumnev.
Rosa californica Cham. & Schltdl.
Rosa calyptopoda Cardot
Rosa canina L.
Rosa carolina L.
Rosa caryophyllacea Besser
Rosa chavinii Rapin ex Reut.
Rosa chengkouensis T. T. Yu & T. C. Ku
Rosa chinensis Jacq.
Rosa clinophylla Thory
Rosa collettii Crép.
Rosa corymbifera Borkh.
Rosa cuneicarpa Galushko & Bagath. ex Buzunova
Rosa cziragensis Husseinov
Rosa daishanensis T. C. Ku
Rosa darginica Husseinov
Rosa davidii Crép.
Rosa davurica Pall.
Rosa demetrii Chrshan.
Rosa deqenensis T. C. Ku
Rosa derongensis T. C. Ku
Rosa donetzica Dubovik
Rosa dsharkenti Chrshan.
Rosa dubovikiae Mironova
Rosa dumalis Bechst.
Rosa ecae Aitch.
Rosa ermanica Manden.
Rosa facsarii Ker.-Nagy
Rosa fargesiana Boulenger
Rosa farreri Stapf ex Stearn
Rosa filipes Rehder & E. H. Wilson
Rosa foetida Herrm.
Rosa forrestiana Boulenger
Rosa freitagii Ziel.
Rosa glauca Pourr.
Rosa glomerata Rehder & E. H. Wilson
Rosa gorenkensis Besser
Rosa graciliflora Rehder & E. H. Wilson
Rosa grubovii Buzunova
Rosa heckeliana Tratt.
Rosa henryi Boulenger
Rosa hezhangensis T. L. Xu
Rosa hirtissima Lonacz.
Rosa hirtula (Regel) Nakai
Rosa isaevii Gadzh. & Iskend.
Rosa jaroschenkoi Gadzh. & Iskend.
Rosa juzepczukiana Vassilcz.
Rosa kamelinii Husseinov
Rosa karaalmensis Tkatsch.
Rosa karjaginii Sosn.
Rosa kazarjanii Sosn.
Rosa khasautensis Galushko
Rosa kokijrimensis Tkatsch.
Rosa komarovii Sosn.
Rosa koreana Kom.
Rosa kuhitangi Nevski
Rosa kujmanica Golitsin
Rosa kunmingensis T. C. Ku
Rosa kwangtungensis T. T. Yu & H. T. Tsai
Rosa kweichowensis T. T. Yu & T. C. Ku
Rosa laevigata Michx.
Rosa langyashanica D. C. Zhang & J. Z. Shao
Rosa lasiosepala F. P. Metcalf
Rosa laxa Retz.
Rosa lecomtei Boulenger
Rosa leschenaultiana (Thory) Wight & Arn.
Rosa lichiangensis T. T. Yu & T. C. Ku
Rosa longicuspis Bertol.
Rosa × engelmannii S. Watson
Rosa × fertilis Kult.
Rosa × karakalensis Kult.
271 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.3

Rosa roxburghii Tratt. (this page)
Rosa abietina Gren.
Rosa abrica Khat. & Koobaz
Rosa acicularis Lindl.
Rosa alexeenkoi Crep. ex Juzepczuk
Rosa altidaghestanica Sh. A. Guseinov
Rosa anemoniflora Fortune ex Lindl.
Rosa arensii Juzepczuk & Galushko
Rosa atlantica W. H. Lewis
Rosa baitagensis R. V. Kamelin & I. A. Gubanov
Rosa balsamica Bess.
Rosa banksiae R. Br. ex Aiton
Rosa beggeriana Schrenk
Rosa bella Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa bellicosa Nevski
Rosa blanda Aiton
Rosa bracteata J. C. Wendl.
Rosa calcarea Lipschitz & Sumnev.
Rosa centifolia L.
Rosa chinensis Jacquin
Rosa corymbifera Borkh.
Rosa corymbulosa Rolfe
Rosa cymosa Tratt.
Rosa cziragensis Sh. A. Guseinov
Rosa demetrii Chrshan.
Rosa dolichocarpa Galushko
Rosa facsarii Ker.-Nagy
Rosa farreri Stapf ex Stearn
Rosa fernaldiorum W. H. Lewis
Rosa fertilis Kult.
Rosa filipes Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa foliolosa Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray
Rosa freitagii J. Zielinski
Rosa gallica L.
Rosa glabrifolia C. A. Mey. ex Rupr.
Rosa glomerata Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa heckeliana Tratt.
Rosa hemisphaerica J. Herrm.
Rosa henkeri-schulzei Wissemann
Rosa henryana W. H. Lewis
Rosa hezhangensis T. L. Xu
Rosa huntica Chrshan.
Rosa iberica Stev.
Rosa inodora Fries
Rosa irysthonica Manden.
Rosa isaevii G. G. Gadzhieva & A. T. Iskenderov
Rosa jaroschenkoi G. G. Gadzhieva & A. T. Iskenderov
Rosa juzepczukiana I. T. Vasil'chenko
Rosa karaalmensis V. I. Tkachenko
Rosa kazarjanii Sosn.
Rosa khasautensis Galushko
Rosa komarovii Sosn.
Rosa longshoushanica L. Q. Zhao & Y. Z. Zhao
Rosa luciae Franch. & Rochebr.
Rosa macrophylla Lindl.
Rosa mairei H. Lév.
Rosa makinoana Ohba
Rosa marschalliana Sosn.
Rosa massiana W. H. Lewis
Rosa maximowicziana Regel
Rosa mollis Sm.
Rosa momiyamae H. Ohba
Rosa moschata J. Herrmann
Rosa multiflora Thunb.
Rosa murieliae Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa myriadena Greene
Rosa nipponensis Crep.
Rosa obtusifolia Desv.
Rosa onoei Makino
Rosa ossethica Manden.
Rosa ozcelikii Korkmaz & Kandemir
Rosa pendulina L.
Rosa persica Michx. ex J. F. Gmel.
Rosa pinnatifolia N. V. Mironova
Rosa piptocalyx Juzepczuk
Rosa pisiformis (Christ) D. Sosn.
Rosa potentilliflora Chrshan. & M. Pop.
Rosa pouzinii Tratt.
Rosa pricei Hayata
Rosa primula Boulenger
Rosa prokhanovii Galushko
Rosa pseudoscabriuscula (R. Keller) H. Henker & G. Schulze
Rosa pulcherrima Koidz.
Rosa rhaetica Gremli
Rosa rugosa Thunb.
Rosa salaevensis Rapin
Rosa sambucina Koidz.
Rosa schischkinii Juzepczuk
Rosa sempervirens L.
Rosa sergievskiana A. V. Polozhii & T. A. Prozorova
Rosa sericea Lindl.
Rosa sertata Rolfe
Rosa shangchengensis T. C. Ku
Rosa sikangensis T. T. Yu & T. C. Ku
Rosa sogdiana V. I. Tkachenko
Rosa tibetica T. T. Yu & T. C. Ku
Rosa tsinglingensis Pax & K. Hoffm.
Rosa uniflorella I. O. Buzunova
Rosa villosa L.
Rosa yuyamensis Uyeki
Rosa zhongdianensis T. C. Ku
207 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1

Life
Cellular Organisms
Eukaryota
Archaeplastida
Chloroplastida
Streptophyta
Embryophytes
Tracheophyta
Spermatophytes
Angiosperms
Eudicots
Superrosids
Rosids
Rosales
Rosaceae
Rosa
Rosa roxburghii Tratt. (this page)
Rosa abietina Gren.
Rosa abrica Khat. & Koobaz
Rosa acicularis Lindl.
Rosa alexeenkoi Crep. ex Juzepczuk
Rosa altidaghestanica Sh. A. Guseinov
Rosa anemoniflora Fortune ex Lindl.
Rosa arensii Juzepczuk & Galushko
Rosa atlantica W. H. Lewis
Rosa baitagensis R. V. Kamelin & I. A. Gubanov
Rosa balsamica Bess.
Rosa banksiae R. Br. ex Aiton
Rosa beggeriana Schrenk
Rosa bella Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa bellicosa Nevski
Rosa blanda Aiton
Rosa bracteata J. C. Wendl.
Rosa calcarea Lipschitz & Sumnev.
Rosa centifolia L.
Rosa chinensis Jacquin
Rosa corymbifera Borkh.
Rosa corymbulosa Rolfe
Rosa cymosa Tratt.
Rosa cziragensis Sh. A. Guseinov
Rosa demetrii Chrshan.
Rosa dolichocarpa Galushko
Rosa facsarii Ker.-Nagy
Rosa farreri Stapf ex Stearn
Rosa fernaldiorum W. H. Lewis
Rosa fertilis Kult.
Rosa filipes Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa foliolosa Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray
Rosa freitagii J. Zielinski
Rosa gallica L.
Rosa glabrifolia C. A. Mey. ex Rupr.
Rosa glomerata Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa heckeliana Tratt.
Rosa hemisphaerica J. Herrm.
Rosa henkeri-schulzei Wissemann
Rosa henryana W. H. Lewis
Rosa hezhangensis T. L. Xu
Rosa huntica Chrshan.
Rosa iberica Stev.
Rosa inodora Fries
Rosa irysthonica Manden.
Rosa isaevii G. G. Gadzhieva & A. T. Iskenderov
Rosa jaroschenkoi G. G. Gadzhieva & A. T. Iskenderov
Rosa juzepczukiana I. T. Vasil'chenko
Rosa karaalmensis V. I. Tkachenko
Rosa kazarjanii Sosn.
Rosa khasautensis Galushko
Rosa komarovii Sosn.
Rosa longshoushanica L. Q. Zhao & Y. Z. Zhao
Rosa luciae Franch. & Rochebr.
Rosa macrophylla Lindl.
Rosa mairei H. Lév.
Rosa makinoana Ohba
Rosa marschalliana Sosn.
Rosa massiana W. H. Lewis
Rosa maximowicziana Regel
Rosa mollis Sm.
Rosa momiyamae H. Ohba
Rosa moschata J. Herrmann
Rosa multiflora Thunb.
Rosa murieliae Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa myriadena Greene
Rosa nipponensis Crép.
Rosa obtusifolia Desv.
Rosa onoei Makino
Rosa ossethica Manden.
Rosa ozcelikii Korkmaz & Kandemir
Rosa pendulina L.
Rosa persica Michx. ex J. F. Gmel.
Rosa pinnatifolia N. V. Mironova
Rosa piptocalyx Juzepczuk
Rosa pisiformis (Christ) D. Sosn.
Rosa potentilliflora Chrshan. & M. Pop.
Rosa pouzinii Tratt.
Rosa pricei Hayata
Rosa primula Boulenger
Rosa prokhanovii Galushko
Rosa pseudoscabriuscula (R. Keller) H. Henker & G. Schulze
Rosa pulcherrima Koidz.
Rosa rhaetica Gremli
Rosa rugosa Thunb.
Rosa salaevensis Rapin
Rosa sambucina Koidz.
Rosa schischkinii Juzepczuk
Rosa sempervirens L.
Rosa sergievskiana A. V. Polozhii & T. A. Prozorova
Rosa sericea Lindl.
Rosa sertata Rolfe
Rosa shangchengensis T. C. Ku
Rosa sikangensis T. T. Yu & T. C. Ku
Rosa sogdiana V. I. Tkachenko
Rosa tibetica T. T. Yu & T. C. Ku
Rosa tsinglingensis Pax & K. Hoffm.
Rosa uniflorella I. O. Buzunova
Rosa villosa L.
Rosa yuyamensis Uyeki
Rosa zhongdianensis T. C. Ku
209 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.4

Rosa roxburghii Tratt. (this page)
Rosa abietina Gren.
Rosa abrica Khat. & Koobaz
Rosa acicularis Lindl.
Rosa alexeenkoi Crep. ex Juzepczuk
Rosa altidaghestanica Sh. A. Guseinov
Rosa anemoniflora Fortune ex Lindl.
Rosa arensii Juzepczuk & Galushko
Rosa atlantica W. H. Lewis
Rosa baitagensis R. V. Kamelin & I. A. Gubanov
Rosa balsamica Bess.
Rosa banksiae R. Br. ex Aiton
Rosa beggeriana Schrenk
Rosa bella Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa bellicosa Nevski
Rosa blanda Aiton
Rosa bracteata J. C. Wendl.
Rosa calcarea Lipschitz & Sumnev.
Rosa centifolia L.
Rosa chinensis Jacquin
Rosa corymbifera Borkh.
Rosa corymbulosa Rolfe
Rosa cymosa Tratt.
Rosa cziragensis Sh. A. Guseinov
Rosa demetrii Chrshan.
Rosa dolichocarpa Galushko
Rosa facsarii Ker.-Nagy
Rosa farreri Stapf ex Stearn
Rosa fernaldiorum W. H. Lewis
Rosa fertilis Kult.
Rosa filipes Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa foliolosa Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray
Rosa freitagii J. Zielinski
Rosa gallica L.
Rosa glabrifolia C. A. Mey. ex Rupr.
Rosa glomerata Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa heckeliana Tratt.
Rosa hemisphaerica J. Herrm.
Rosa henkeri-schulzei Wissemann
Rosa henryana W. H. Lewis
Rosa hezhangensis T. L. Xu
Rosa huntica Chrshan.
Rosa iberica Stev.
Rosa inodora Fries
Rosa irysthonica Manden.
Rosa isaevii G. G. Gadzhieva & A. T. Iskenderov
Rosa jaroschenkoi G. G. Gadzhieva & A. T. Iskenderov
Rosa juzepczukiana I. T. Vasil'chenko
Rosa karaalmensis V. I. Tkachenko
Rosa kazarjanii Sosn.
Rosa khasautensis Galushko
Rosa komarovii Sosn.
Rosa longshoushanica L. Q. Zhao & Y. Z. Zhao
Rosa luciae Franch. & Rochebr.
Rosa macrophylla Lindl.
Rosa mairei H. Lév.
Rosa makinoana Ohba
Rosa marschalliana Sosn.
Rosa massiana W. H. Lewis
Rosa maximowicziana Regel
Rosa mollis Sm.
Rosa momiyamae H. Ohba
Rosa moschata J. Herrmann
Rosa multiflora Thunb.
Rosa murieliae Rehd. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa myriadena Greene
Rosa nipponensis Crep.
Rosa obtusifolia Desv.
Rosa onoei Makino
Rosa ossethica Manden.
Rosa ozcelikii Korkmaz & Kandemir
Rosa pendulina L.
Rosa persica Michx. ex J. F. Gmel.
Rosa pinnatifolia N. V. Mironova
Rosa piptocalyx Juzepczuk
Rosa pisiformis (Christ) D. Sosn.
Rosa potentilliflora Chrshan. & M. Pop.
Rosa pouzinii Tratt.
Rosa pricei Hayata
Rosa primula Boulenger
Rosa prokhanovii Galushko
Rosa pseudoscabriuscula (R. Keller) H. Henker & G. Schulze
Rosa pulcherrima Koidz.
Rosa rhaetica Gremli
Rosa rugosa Thunb.
Rosa salaevensis Rapin
Rosa sambucina Koidz.
Rosa schischkinii Juzepczuk
Rosa sempervirens L.
Rosa sergievskiana A. V. Polozhii & T. A. Prozorova
Rosa sericea Lindl.
Rosa sertata Rolfe
Rosa shangchengensis T. C. Ku
Rosa sikangensis T. T. Yu & T. C. Ku
Rosa sogdiana V. I. Tkachenko
Rosa tibetica T. T. Yu & T. C. Ku
Rosa tsinglingensis Pax & K. Hoffm.
Rosa uniflorella I. O. Buzunova
Rosa villosa L.
Rosa yuyamensis Uyeki
Rosa zhongdianensis T. C. Ku
207 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

GBIF classification

Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Rosaceae
Rosa L.
Rosa roxburghii Tratt. (this page)
Rosa acicularis Lindl.
Rosa agrestis Savi
Rosa arvensis × Rosa gallica
Rosa baxanensis Galushko
Rosa blanda Ait.
Rosa blinovskyana Kult.
Rosa buschiana Chrshan.
Rosa caesia Sm.
Rosa calcarea Lipsch. & Sumnev.
Rosa canina
Rosa canina
Rosa canina
Rosa canina
Rosa canina
Rosa canina
Rosa canina L.
Rosa canina × Rosa gallica
Rosa canina × Rosa jundzillii
Rosa centifolia L.
Rosa diacantha Chrshan.
Rosa diplodonta Dubovik
Rosa dolichocarpa Galushko
Rosa doluchanovii Manden.
Rosa donetzica Dubovik
Rosa dsharkenti Chrshanovsky
Rosa dumalis × Rosa jundzillii
Rosa ecae Aitch.
Rosa fertilis Kult.
Rosa gadzhievii Chrshan. & Iskend.
Rosa gallica L.
Rosa gallica × Rosa tomentosa
Rosa galushkoi Demurova
Rosa geninae Juz.
Rosa glauca × Rosa tomentosa
Rosa graciliflora Rehder & E. H. Wilson
Rosa hezhangensis T. L. Xu
Rosa hissarica Slob.
Rosa hugonis Hemsl.
Rosa huntica Chrshan.
Rosa inodora Fries
Rosa irinae Demurova
Rosa isaevii Gadzh. & Iskend.
Rosa kokanica (Regel) Regel ex Juz.
Rosa koreana Kom.
Rosa kwangtungensis T. T. Yu & Tsai
Rosa laevigata Michx.
Rosa mairei H. Lév.
Rosa majalis Herrm.
Rosa majalis × Rosa mollis
Rosa majalis × Rosa rugosa
Rosa majalis × Rosa vosagiaca
Rosa majorugosa A. Palmén & L. Hämet-Ahti
Rosa manshurica Buzunova
Rosa micrantha Borrer ex Sm.
Rosa mollis Sm.
Rosa mollis × Rosa rubiginosa
Rosa mollis × Rosa sherardii
Rosa mollis × Rosa spinosissima
Rosa mollis × Rosa vosagiaca
Rosa morrisonensis Hayata
Rosa noisettiana Thory
Rosa parasicula Ponert
Rosa pisiformis (Christ) D. Sosn.
Rosa platyacantha Schrenk
Rosa praelucens Bijh.
Rosa pricei Hayata
Rosa primula Boulenger
Rosa richardii Rehder
Rosa rubiginosa × Rosa sherardii
Rosa rubiginosa × Rosa vosagiaca
Rosa sempervirens L.
Rosa sherardii Davies
Rosa sherardii × Rosa vosagiaca
Rosa spinosissima L.
Rosa squarrosa (Rau) Boreau
Rosa steppofruticetorum Ponert
Rosa subcollina Dalla Torre & Sarnth.
Rosa sweginzowii Koehne
Rosa tomentella × Rosa vosagiaca
Rosa transmorrisonensis Hayata
Rosa villosa L.
Rosa waitziana Tratt.
Rosa xanthina Lindl.
Rosa yainacensis Greene
Rosa × arnoldiana Sarg.
Rosa × bengyana Rouy & Lambert
Rosa × caviniacensis Ozanon
Rosa × gallicoides Déségl.
Rosa × glaucoides Wolley-Dod
Rosa × hibernica Templeton
Rosa × inodora
Rosa × molliformis Wolley-Dod
Rosa × paulii Rehder
Rosa × penzanceana Rehder
Rosa × praegeri Wolley-Dod
Rosa × rogersii Wolley-Dod
Rosa × shoolbredii Wolley-Dod
Rosa × suberectiformis Wolley-Dod
Rosa × vituperabilis Duffort ex Rouy & E. G. Camus
Rosa × wasserburgensis Kirsch.
392 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Hierarchy

Plantae
Viridiplantae
Streptophyta
Embryophyta
Tracheophyta
Spermatophytina
Magnoliopsida
Rosanae
Rosales
Rosaceae
Rosa L.
Rosa roxburghii Tratt. (this page)
Rosa roxburghii var. hirtula (Regel) Rehder & E. H. Wilson
Rosa abyssinica R. Br. ex Lindl.
Rosa acicularis Lindl.
Rosa agrestis Savi
Rosa alberti Regel
Rosa arkansana Porter
Rosa arvensis Huds.
Rosa beggeriana Schrenk
Rosa bella Rehder & E. H. Wilson
Rosa blanda Aiton
Rosa bracteata J. C. Wendl.
Rosa bridgesii Crép.
Rosa brunonii Lindl.
Rosa californica Cham. & Schltdl.
Rosa canina L.
Rosa carolina L.
Rosa caudata Baker
Rosa chinensis Jacq.
Rosa cinnamomea L.
Rosa davidii Crép.
Rosa davurica Pall.
Rosa ecae Aitch.
Rosa fedtschenkoana Regel
Rosa foetida Herrm.
Rosa foliolosa Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray
Rosa forrestiana Boulenger
Rosa gallica L.
Rosa giraldii Crép.
Rosa glauca Pourr.
Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.
Rosa helenae Rehder & E. H. Wilson
Rosa hemisphaerica Herrm.
Rosa hemsleyana Tackh.
Rosa indica L.
Rosa jundzillii Besser
Rosa kokanica Regel ex Juz.
Rosa laevigata Michx.
Rosa laxa Retz.
Rosa lucidissima H. Lév.
Rosa lucieae Franch. & Rochebr. ex Crép.
Rosa majalis J. Herrm.
Rosa maracandica Bunge
Rosa marretii H. Lév.
Rosa maximowicziana Regel
Rosa minutifolia Engelm.
Rosa missouriensis
Rosa mollis Sm.
Rosa montana Chaix
Rosa moschata Herrm.
Rosa moyesii Hemsl. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa multibracteata Hemsl. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa multiflora Thunb.
Rosa nitida Willd.
Rosa nitidula Besser
Rosa nutkana C. Presl
Rosa palustris Marshall
Rosa pendulina L.
Rosa pinetorum A. Heller
Rosa pisocarpa A. Gray
Rosa pouzinii Tratt.
Rosa prattii Hemsl.
Rosa pulverulenta M. Bieb.
Rosa rubiginosa L.
Rosa rugosa Thunb.
Rosa sempervirens L.
Rosa sericea Lindl.
Rosa setigera Michx.
Rosa setipoda Hemsl. & E. H. Wilson
Rosa sherardii Davies
Rosa sicula Tratt.
Rosa sinowilsonii Hemsl.
Rosa soulieana Crép.
Rosa spinosissima L.
Rosa spithamea S. Watson
Rosa stellata Wooton
Rosa sweginzowii Koehne
Rosa tomentosa Sm.
Rosa tuschetica Boiss.
Rosa villosa L.
Rosa virginiana Mill.
Rosa webbiana Wall. ex Royle
Rosa willmottiae Hemsl.
Rosa woodsii Lindl.
Rosa xanthina Lindl.
Rosa × alba L.
Rosa × borboniana N. H. F. Desp.
Rosa × centifolia L.
Rosa × collaris Rydb.
Rosa × damascena Mill.
Rosa × dulcissima Lunell
Rosa × dupontii Déségl.
Rosa × engelmannii S. Watson
Rosa × harisonii Rivers
Rosa × housei Erlanson
Rosa × iwara Sieber ex Regel
Rosa × kamtchatica Vent.
Rosa × novae-angliae W. H. Lewis
Rosa × odorata (Andrews) Sweet
Rosa × palustriformis (Rydb.) Voss
Rosa × rehderiana Blackburn
Rosa × waitziana Tratt.

NCBI

root
cellular organisms
Eukaryota
Viridiplantae
Streptophyta
Streptophytina
Embryophyta
Tracheophyta
Euphyllophyta
Spermatophyta
Magnoliopsida
Mesangiospermae
eudicotyledons
Gunneridae
Pentapetalae
rosids
fabids
Rosales
Rosaceae
Rosoideae
Rosoideae incertae sedis
Rosa
Rosa roxburghii
Rosa roxburghii var. roxburghii
Rosa roxburghii f. normalis (this page)

NCBI

root
cellular organisms
Eukaryota
Viridiplantae
Streptophyta
Streptophytina
Embryophyta
Tracheophyta
Euphyllophyta
Spermatophyta
Magnoliopsida
Mesangiospermae
eudicotyledons
Gunneridae
Pentapetalae
rosids
fabids
Rosales
Rosaceae
Rosoideae
Rosoideae incertae sedis
Rosa
Rosa roxburghii (this page)
Rosa roxburghii var. hirtula
Rosa roxburghii var. roxburghii
Rosa abietina
Rosa abyssinica
Rosa acicularis
Rosa agrestis
Rosa alba × Rosa corymbifera
Rosa amblyotis
Rosa anemoniflora
Rosa arkansana
Rosa arvensis
Rosa beggeriana
Rosa berberifolia
Rosa blinovskyana
Rosa brunonii
Rosa caesia
Rosa caryophyllacea
Rosa chinensis × Rosa lucieae
Rosa chinensis × Rosa moschata
Rosa columnifera
Rosa corymbifera
Rosa cymosa
Rosa davurica
Rosa deqenensis
Rosa derongensis
Rosa deseglisei
Rosa donetzica
Rosa duplicata
Rosa ecae
Rosa farreri
Rosa fedtschenkoana
Rosa filipes
Rosa foliolosa
Rosa forrestiana
Rosa fujisanensis
Rosa gallica × Rosa dumetorum
Rosa giraldii
Rosa glomerata
Rosa glutinosa
Rosa helenae
Rosa hemisphaerica
Rosa henryi
Rosa hugonis
Rosa indica
Rosa jacutica
Rosa jundzillii
Rosa kokanica
Rosa kwangtungensis
Rosa lasiosepala
Rosa laxa
Rosa lucidissima
Rosa macrophylla
Rosa marretii
Rosa maximowicziana
Rosa micrantha
Rosa mollis
Rosa montana
Rosa multibracteata
Rosa murielae
Rosa nanothamnus
Rosa nitida
Rosa nitida × Rosa rugosa
Rosa obtusifolia
Rosa odorata
Rosa oskolensis
Rosa oxyodon
Rosa palustris
Rosa paniculigera
Rosa parviuscula
Rosa phoenicia
Rosa platyacantha
Rosa porrectidens
Rosa pouzinii
Rosa pricei
Rosa primula
Rosa pseudoscabriuscula
Rosa pygmaea
Rosa rubrifolia
Rosa rugosa × Rosa sertata
Rosa sambucina
Rosa sempervirens
Rosa sertata
Rosa setigera
Rosa setipoda
Rosa sherardii
Rosa silverhjelmii
Rosa slancensis
Rosa taiwanensis
Rosa taronensis
Rosa trachyphylla
Rosa transmorrisonensis
Rosa tsinglingensis
Rosa tunquinensis
Rosa uniflorella
Rosa vosagiaca
Rosa weisiensis
Rosa willmottiae
Rosa × alba
Rosa × chavinii
Rosa × fortuneana
Rosa × nitidula
unclassified Rosa
80 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

Biota
Eukaryota
Plantae
Viridiplantae
Embryophyta
Tracheophyta
Spermatophytina
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliidae
Rosanae
Rosales
Rosaceae
Rosoideae
Rosa
Rosa roxburghii
Rosa roxburghii f. normalis (this page)
Rosa roxburghii var. roxburghii

wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

Biota
Eukaryota
Plantae
Viridiplantae
Embryophyta
Tracheophyta
Spermatophytina
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliidae
Rosanae
Rosales
Rosaceae
Rosoideae
Rosa
Rosa forrestii (this page)
Rosa achburensis
Rosa acuminata
Rosa albertii
Rosa arkansana
Rosa Arvensis
Rosa banksiae
Rosa banksiopsis
Rosa berberifolia
Rosa boissieri
Rosa Boursault
Rosa californica
Rosa calyptopoda
Rosa caudata
Rosa Centifolia
Rosa chengkouensis
Rosa corymbulosa
Rosa cymosa
Rosa Davidii
Rosa deqenensis
Rosa derongensis
Rosa deseglisei
Rosa drosocalyx
Rosa duplicata
Rosa facsarii
Rosa farreri
Rosa Filipes
Rosa filipes
Rosa foetida
Rosa forrestiana
Rosa Francofurtana
Rosa gigantea
Rosa glomerata
Rosa glutinosa
Rosa graciliflora
Rosa Grandiflora
Rosa Helenae
Rosa henryi
Rosa iljinii
Rosa irinae
Rosa kasanlika
Rosa Kordesii
Rosa koreana
Rosa kwangtungensis
Rosa kweichowensis
Rosa Laevigata
Rosa laevigata
Rosa langyashanica
Rosa lasiosepala
Rosa lichiangensis
Rosa lucidissima
Rosa lutea
Rosa Macrantha
Rosa mairei
Rosa mandonii
Rosa morrisonensis
Rosa moschata
Rosa Moyesii
Rosa Multiflora
Rosa multiflora
Rosa murielae
Rosa nipponensis
Rosa omeiensis
Rosa oxyacantha
Rosa pendulina
Rosa pisiformis
Rosa platyacantha
Rosa Polyantha
Rosa porrectidens
Rosa praelucens
Rosa prattii
Rosa pricei
Rosa pseudobanksiae
Rosa Remontant
Rosa Rubiginosa
Rosa rubus
Rosa Rugosa
Rosa sambucina
Rosa sancti-andreae
Rosa saturata
Rosa Sempervirens
Rosa serafinii
Rosa sertata
Rosa Setigera
Rosa shangchengensis
Rosa sikangensis
Rosa Soulieana
Rosa taiwanensis
Rosa taronensis
Rosa tianschanica
Rosa tibetica
Rosa tomentosa
Rosa transmorrisonensis
Rosa tsinglingensis
Rosa uniflora
Rosa weisiensis
Rosa wichuraiana
Rosa woodsii
Rosa × consanguinea
Rosa × kochiana
Rosa × reversa
581 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.

wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

Biota
Eukaryota
Plantae
Viridiplantae
Embryophyta
Tracheophyta
Spermatophytina
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliidae
Rosanae
Rosales
Rosaceae
Rosoideae
Rosa
Rosa roxburghii (this page)
Rosa roxburghii f. normalis
Rosa roxburghii var. roxburghii
Rosa achburensis
Rosa acuminata
Rosa albertii
Rosa arkansana
Rosa Arvensis
Rosa banksiae
Rosa banksiopsis
Rosa berberifolia
Rosa boissieri
Rosa Boursault
Rosa californica
Rosa calyptopoda
Rosa caudata
Rosa Centifolia
Rosa chengkouensis
Rosa corymbulosa
Rosa cymosa
Rosa Davidii
Rosa deqenensis
Rosa derongensis
Rosa deseglisei
Rosa drosocalyx
Rosa duplicata
Rosa facsarii
Rosa farreri
Rosa Filipes
Rosa filipes
Rosa foetida
Rosa forrestiana
Rosa Francofurtana
Rosa gigantea
Rosa glomerata
Rosa glutinosa
Rosa graciliflora
Rosa Grandiflora
Rosa Helenae
Rosa henryi
Rosa iljinii
Rosa irinae
Rosa kasanlika
Rosa Kordesii
Rosa koreana
Rosa kwangtungensis
Rosa kweichowensis
Rosa Laevigata
Rosa laevigata
Rosa langyashanica
Rosa lasiosepala
Rosa lichiangensis
Rosa lucidissima
Rosa lutea
Rosa Macrantha
Rosa mairei
Rosa mandonii
Rosa morrisonensis
Rosa moschata
Rosa Moyesii
Rosa Multiflora
Rosa multiflora
Rosa murielae
Rosa nipponensis
Rosa omeiensis
Rosa oxyacantha
Rosa pendulina
Rosa pisiformis
Rosa platyacantha
Rosa Polyantha
Rosa porrectidens
Rosa praelucens
Rosa prattii
Rosa pricei
Rosa pseudobanksiae
Rosa Remontant
Rosa Rubiginosa
Rosa rubus
Rosa Rugosa
Rosa sambucina
Rosa sancti-andreae
Rosa saturata
Rosa Sempervirens
Rosa serafinii
Rosa sertata
Rosa Setigera
Rosa shangchengensis
Rosa sikangensis
Rosa Soulieana
Rosa taiwanensis
Rosa taronensis
Rosa tianschanica
Rosa tibetica
Rosa tomentosa
Rosa transmorrisonensis
Rosa tsinglingensis
Rosa uniflora
Rosa weisiensis
Rosa wichuraiana
Rosa woodsii
Rosa × consanguinea
Rosa × kochiana
Rosa × reversa
581 additional siblings truncated for brevity.
See the resource file for a full list.
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