Callaeidae (sometimes Callaeatidae) is a family of passerine birds endemic to New Zealand. It contains three genera, with five species in the family. One species, the huia, became extinct early in the 20th century, while the South Island kokako is critically endangered and may be extinct.
Although sometimes known as wattled crows, they are not corvids and are only distantly related to crows - New Zealand wattlebirds is the informal name for this family used by the scientific community.[1]
They are ground-dwelling songbirds, 26–38 cm in length. They inhabit dense forests, where they feed on insects. They have strong legs and featherless wattles behind the bill. Their wings are rounded and unusually weak, giving them very limited powers of flight. They are monogamous and maintain permanent territories.[2]
These birds seem to be remnants of an early expansion of passerines to New Zealand. Their only close relative is the stitchbird.[3]
The phylogenetic relationships between the species shown below is based on a study published in 2022. The South Island saddleback (Philesturnus carunculatus) was not sampled.[4]
NotiomystidaeNotiomystis cincta – stitchbird
Callaeidae CallaeasCallaeas wilsoni – North Island kokako
Callaeas cinereus – South Island kokako (extinct)
PhilesturnusPhilesturnus rufusater – North Island saddleback
HeteralochaHeteralocha acutirostris – Huia (extinct)
Huia, Heteralocha acutirostris (extinct)
North Island kokako, Callaeas wilsoni
North Island saddleback, Philesturnus rufusater
Callaeidae (sometimes Callaeatidae) is a family of passerine birds endemic to New Zealand. It contains three genera, with five species in the family. One species, the huia, became extinct early in the 20th century, while the South Island kokako is critically endangered and may be extinct.
Although sometimes known as wattled crows, they are not corvids and are only distantly related to crows - New Zealand wattlebirds is the informal name for this family used by the scientific community.
