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Biology

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Like many other grebes, the New Zealand dabchick performs elaborate courtship rituals, involving preening, diving under their partner and head-shaking; when they jerk their head back and forth, as if pecking like a hen (7). Breeding occurs all year round, with egg-laying peaking between August and February. Nests are formed from a loose pile of aquatic plants, which are anchored to emergent vegetation, hidden under boat shelters or in small caves partially under water (2) (4). Two to three eggs are laid at a time and both parents take it in turn to incubate them for 22 – 23 days (2). The emerging chicks are independent after about 70 days (8). As a waterbird, the New Zealand dabchick feeds primarily on aquatic invertebrates, such as freshwater crayfish, molluscs and leeches. They obtain this food mainly by diving, at which they are highly competent, and are able to stay underwater for over 30 seconds. Only the largest food items are brought up to the surface, while most are swallowed underwater. They can also be seen pecking food from the water's surface, or grabbing midges and flying insects from the air (2).
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Conservation

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In 1997 the IUCN Grebe Specialist Group created a Global Conservation Strategy to ensure the successful recovery of grebe populations and the management of wetlands (10). Particular conservation actions recommended for this species include implementing a regular monitoring programme to detect any population changes, and preparing a species recovery plan should numbers begin to decline again (10). Additionally, existing laws limiting boat and ski speeds on lakes should continue to be enforced and steps should be taken to maintain suitable lake habitats, preventing pollution and the establishment of any further introduced species (9).
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Description

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The New Zealand dabchick is a small grebe which, like all other grebes, is a highly specialized waterbird. It has mostly dark brown plumage with a line of distinctive fine, silvery feathers on its head. The breast and foreneck has a chestnut tinge, and the underparts are dusky to silvery white. The eyes are pale yellow, and it has a black bill. Non-breeding adults are slightly paler, and males are larger than females and have a longer bill (2) (3) (4). Juveniles have irregular white, pale brown and black stripes on their head and neck, creating a mottled appearance (2). Whilst grebes are inept on land, they are fantastic swimmers and divers. The slim, long neck and small head are perfect for diving when searching for food, as are the lobed, flexible toes, used to propelling and steering underwater (5). The New Zealand dabchick is generally a silent bird, except for an occasional wee-ee-ee call, which gave rise to its Maori name Weweia (6).
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Habitat

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The New Zealand dabchick can be found in small freshwater lakes and pools, or in the sheltered parts of larger lakes. It prefers shallow water with dense vegetation, and can also occur in artificial wetlands such as sewage ponds and farm water supplies. Dabchicks that are not breeding can be found on more open waters (2) (4).
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Range

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Occurs only in New Zealand, formerly existing on both islands, but is now found only on the North Island. The largest populations are concentrated around the regions of Rotorua and Taupo (4)
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Status

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Classified as Vulnerable (VU) on the IUCN Red List 2006 (1).
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Threats

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At present, the New Zealand dabchick population is thought to be stable, as their preferred lake habitat is not declining and they have proven to be able to co-exist successfully with humans (9). However, the extinction of this species on the South Island in the 1960s shows that the dabchick is vulnerable to some threats. The reasons for the species decline and extinction on the South Island are not clear, but possible causes, and therefore factors that could threaten the North Island population, include changes in water quality, destruction of nesting habitat, increased human activity around nesting areas, and predation by introduced rats and mustelids (3). The drainage of marshes in the past would have affected the dabchick, but since the 1940s, further habitat would have become available through the creation of sewage ponds and farm water supplies (10). Nests on lakes are also vulnerable to disturbance from boat wakes, and jet and water-skiers that operate too close to lake margins (9).
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Plomer Zeland-Nevez ( Breton )

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lang="br" dir="ltr">

Ar plomer Zeland-Nevez(Daveoù a vank) a zo un evn dour, Poliocephalus rufopectus an anv skiantel anezhañ.

Doareoù pennañ

Boued

Annez

Brosezat eo al labous e Zeland-Nevez : ne vez kavet nemet en Enez an Norzh hiziv an deiz.

Rummatadur

Diouzh an evnoniourien e vez renket ar plomer Zeland-Nevez en urzhiad Ciconiiformes pe Podicipediformes.

Liamm diavaez

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Plomer Zeland-Nevez: Brief Summary ( Breton )

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Ar plomer Zeland-Nevez(Daveoù a vank) a zo un evn dour, Poliocephalus rufopectus an anv skiantel anezhañ.

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Cabussó de Nova Zelanda ( Catalan; Valencian )

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El cabussó de Nova Zelanda (Poliocephalus rufopectus) és un ocell de la família dels Podicipèdids (Podicipedidae) que habita pantans, llacs i estuaris de l'Illa del Nord de Nova Zelanda.

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Cabussó de Nova Zelanda Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
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Cabussó de Nova Zelanda: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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El cabussó de Nova Zelanda (Poliocephalus rufopectus) és un ocell de la família dels Podicipèdids (Podicipedidae) que habita pantans, llacs i estuaris de l'Illa del Nord de Nova Zelanda.

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Gwyach Seland Newydd ( Welsh )

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Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Gwyach Seland Newydd (sy'n enw benywaidd; enw lluosog: gwyachod Seland Newydd) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Podiceps rufopectus; yr enw Saesneg arno yw New Zealand dabchick. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Gwyachod (Lladin: Podicipedidae) sydd yn urdd y Podicipediformes.[1]

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn P. rufopectus, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2]

Teulu

Mae'r gwyach Seland Newydd yn perthyn i deulu'r Gwyachod (Lladin: Podicipedidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:

Rhestr Wicidata:

rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Gwyach Atitlan Podilymbus gigas Gwyach Clark Aechmophorus clarkii Gwyach Fach Tachybaptus ruficollis
Zwergtaucher 060319 3.jpg
Gwyach fach Awstralia Tachybaptus novaehollandiae
Tachybaptus novaehollandiae - Mulligan's Flat.jpg
Gwyach fach Delacour Tachybaptus rufolavatus
AlaotraGrebe.svg
Gwyach fach Madagasgar Tachybaptus pelzelnii
Madagascar Grebe.jpg
Gwyach Fawr Gopog Podiceps cristatus
Podiceps cristatus 2 - Lake Dulverton.jpg
Gwyach Gorniog Podiceps auritus
Podiceps auritus -Scotland-8a (2).jpg
Gwyach gycyllog Podiceps gallardoi
Podiceps gallardoi.jpg
Gwyach y Gorllewin Aechmophorus occidentalis
Western Grebe swimming.jpg
Gwyach yddfddu Podiceps nigricollis
Black-necked Grebe Schwarzhalstaucher.jpg
Gwyach Yddfgoch Podiceps grisegena
Grèbejougrisparade.jpg
Gwyach ylfinfraith Podilymbus podiceps
Podilymbus-podiceps-001.jpg
Diwedd y rhestr a gynhyrchwyd yn otomatig o Wicidata.

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gwefan Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd; adalwyd 30 Medi 2016.
  2. Gwefan Avibase; adalwyd 3 Hydref 2016.
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Gwyach Seland Newydd: Brief Summary ( Welsh )

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Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Gwyach Seland Newydd (sy'n enw benywaidd; enw lluosog: gwyachod Seland Newydd) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Podiceps rufopectus; yr enw Saesneg arno yw New Zealand dabchick. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Gwyachod (Lladin: Podicipedidae) sydd yn urdd y Podicipediformes.

Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn P. rufopectus, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.

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Maoritaucher ( German )

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Der Maoritaucher (Maori weweia; Poliocephalus rufopectus) ist eine Art der Lappentaucher die endemisch in Neuseeland vorkommt.

Merkmale

Der Maoritaucher ist in seiner Statur ein typischer Taucher. Das Gefieder ist dunkelbraun, der kleine Kopf trägt zarte silberne Federn. Der Schnabel ist schwarz und spitz und die Augen sind gelb.[1][2] Er erreicht Größen um 29 cm und ein Gewicht von ca. 250 g.[3] Außerhalb der Brutzeit ist das Gefieder heller und die Weibchen sind im Allgemeinen etwas heller, kleiner und haben einen etwas kürzeren Schnabel als die Männchen.[1][4]

 src=
Ausgewachsener Maoritaucher in Western Springs, Auckland

Verbreitung

Der Maoritaucher bewohnt hauptsächlich flache Süßwasserseen, Teiche und geschützte Buchten.[2] Das Hauptverbreitungsgebiet ist North Island, wo er an den Seen der Westküste von North Cape bis Pukekohe und vom Südlichen Taranaki bis Paraparaumu vorkommt, sowie auf Teichen des Volcanic Plateau, Gisborne, Hawke Bay und Wairarapa.[1][3] Die Art war früher auch in den Tieflandseen von South Island verbreitet,[5] verschwand aber aus unbekannten Gründen sehr rasch im 19. Jahrhundert. Die letzte regulär verzeichnete Brut in South Island erfolgte 1941.[3] 2012 brütete wieder ein Paar in der Nähe von Takaka.[6]

Verhalten

Die Süßwasser-Tauchvögel fliegen gewöhnlich nur nachts, während sie den Tag im Wasser verbringen. Bei Gefahr tauchen sie unter oder schwimmen davon. Im Herbst und Winter bilden sie kleine Gruppen. In der Brutzeit sind sie gewöhnlich nur paarweise anzutreffen Sie verteidigen aggressiv ihre Reviere[1][2] und nur während der Brutzeit oder im Fall von Gefahr geben sie leise Laute von sich.[2][7]

Ernährung

Die Nahrung besteht vor allem aus Wasserinsekten und deren Larven, sowie aus Wasserschnecken.[5] gelegentlich erbeuten sie auch Krebstiere und Fische.[3] Sie fangen ihre Beute unter Wasser und fressen sie direkt oder picken sie von der Wasseroberfläche.[1][2]

Brut

Die Brutsaison ist von Juni bis März. Durchschnittlich 2–3 Eier werden in einem Nest aus schwimmendem Pflanzenmaterial in der Ufervegetation abgelegt und 22–23 Tage von beiden Elternteilen bebrütet. Die Küken sind Nestflüchter. Sie schwimmen und tauchen, können aber erst nach einigen Wochen fliegen.[1] Beide Elternteile führen und füttern die Küken ungefähr 70 Tage lang. Bis das Erwachsenengefieder voll entwickelt ist, weisen die Jungvögel unregelmäßige Streifen an Kopf und Nacken auf.[2]

Schutz

Die Art ist endemisch in Neuseeland und nur noch auf North Island verbreitet. 1994 stufte die IUCN die Art als bedroht (endangered) ein, aber aufgrund von Schutzmaßnahmen hat sich die Population erholt und wurde auf 1.900–2.000 Vögel geschätzt. Daher wurde sie 2016 als Near Threatened (Fast Bedroht) eingestuft.[8] Menschliche Einflüsse haben sich sogar positiv ausgewirkt, nachdem Dämme und Wasserreservoirs zusätzliche Lebensräume bieten.[1][2][9]

Einzelbelege

  1. a b c d e f g Hugh Robertson, Barrie Heather: The Hand Guide to the Birds of New Zealand. Penguin, 1999.
  2. a b c d e f g New Zealand dabchick. In: New Zealand Birds Online. Abgerufen am 12. April 2017.
  3. a b c d Barrie Heather, Hugh Robertson: The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand (revised edition). Viking 2005.
  4. S. Marchant, P.J. (Eds.) Higgins: Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds. Volume 1, Ratites to ducks; Part A, Ratites to petrels. Oxford University Press, Melbourne 1990, S. 107.
  5. a b Andrew Crowe: Which New Zealand Bird? Penguin 2001.
  6. BirdLife International (2015). Poliocephalus rufopectus. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015. International Union for Conservation of Nature.22696592
  7. S. Chambers: Birds of New Zealand - Locality Guide, 3rd. Auflage, Arun Books, Orewa, New Zealand 2009.
  8. Poliocephalus rufopectus (New Zealand Dabchick, New Zealand Grebe). In: www.iucnredlist.org. Abgerufen am 12. April 2017.
  9. New Zealand Grebe (Poliocephalus rufopectus) - BirdLife species factsheet. In: datazone.birdlife.org. Abgerufen am 12. April 2017.

Literatur

  • S. Chambers: Birds of New Zealand – Locality Guide, 3rd. Auflage, Arun Books, Orewa, New Zealand 2009.
  • Barrie Heather, Hugh Robertson: The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand (revised edition). Viking 2005.

Weblinks

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Maoritaucher: Brief Summary ( German )

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Der Maoritaucher (Maori weweia; Poliocephalus rufopectus) ist eine Art der Lappentaucher die endemisch in Neuseeland vorkommt.

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New Zealand grebe

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The New Zealand grebe (Poliocephalus rufopectus), also known as the New Zealand dabchick or weweia, is a member of the grebe family endemic to New Zealand.

Description

The New Zealand grebe has dark brown plumage, a small black head with fine silver feathers, a black pointed bill and characteristic yellow eyes.[3][4] It grows to about 29 cm, and weigh about 250 g.[5] Non-breeding individuals have a paler plumage and females tend to be a bit lighter, smaller and have a slightly shorter bill than males.[3][6]

Distribution and habitat

This grebe species inhabits mainly shallow freshwater lakes, ponds and sheltered inlets.[4] Currently it is found mainly in the North Island, where it is well distributed on the coastal lakes of the West coast from North Cape to Pukekohe and from Taranaki to Paraparaumu, as well as on ponds of the Volcanic Plateau, Gisborne, Hawkes bay and the Wairarapa.[3][5][7] Formerly this species was also present in the lowland lakes of the South Island,[8] but underwent a rapid decline, for unknown reasons, in the 19th century - the last regular breeding record in the South Island was in 1941.[5] In 2012 a pair bred near Takaka for the first time in recent history.[1]

Behaviour

These freshwater diving birds usually fly only at night, whilst during the day, they are always found in the water, swimming on the surface and frequently diving to feed. Thus, if they are in danger or get disturbed at daytime they do not flee by flying, but swimming or diving away. During autumn and winter, they are found forming flocks, while during the breeding season they are mostly seen in monogamous pairs. They show aggressive territorial behaviour towards intruders [3][4] and the otherwise silent species give short calls throughout the breeding season and when in danger.[4][9]

Diet

Adult grebe with insect

Their diet consists mostly of aquatic insects and their larvae, as well as small molluscs such as freshwater snails.[8] Bigger prey such as fish and freshwater crayfish are sometimes eaten too.[5] Thus, their bill, being short and pointed, is adapted to their mainly invertebrate diet. They catch their prey during dives and feeding underwater or pick it from the water surface.[3][4]

Breeding

The breeding season is from June to March. On average 2-3 eggs are laid and incubated 22–23 days by both female and male, in a nest. The nest is mostly made out of surrounding vegetation, including floating plant material. Hatched chicks are precocial, although being flightless for the first few weeks they can swim and dive.[3] Both parents assist in rearing and feeding their young for up to 70 days after hatching. Until the adult plumage develops, the chick has irregular striped markings on head and neck and the bill is black.[4]

Conservation

This species is endemic to New Zealand and is nowadays only found in the North Island. In 1994, the IUCN classified the New Zealand grebe as Endangered, but due to conservation actions including habitat management, its population has recently increased to around 1,900-2,000 birds and was reclassified as Near Threatened in 2016, and to least concern in 2022.[1] Human activity currently has a net benefit as artificial habitat, including farm dams and ponds formed for stock water supplies, increases the area of occupation for the grebes.[3][4] So, although the population is still quite small it is thought not to be in decline anymore.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b c BirdLife International (2022). "Poliocephalus rufopectus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T22696592A209544697. Retrieved 26 July 2022.
  2. ^ "Poliocephalus rufopectus. NZTCS". nztcs.org.nz. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Robertson, Hugh; Heather, Barrie (1999). The Hand Guide to the Birds of New Zealand. Penguin.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g "New Zealand dabchick". New Zealand Birds Online. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
  5. ^ a b c d Barrie Heather and Hugh Robertson, "The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand (revised edition)", Viking, 2005
  6. ^ Marchant, S.; Higgins, P.J. (Eds.) (1990). Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds. Volume 1, Ratites to ducks; Part A, Ratites to petrels. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. p. 107.
  7. ^ commoncopper (April 2022). "New Zealand Dabchick (Poliocephalus rufopectus)". iNaturalist NZ. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  8. ^ a b Andrew Crowe, "Which New Zealand Bird?", Penguin, 2001
  9. ^ Chambers, S. (2009). Birds of New Zealand - Locality Guide (3rd ed.). Orewa, New Zealand: Arun Books.
  10. ^ "New Zealand Grebe (Poliocephalus rufopectus) - BirdLife species factsheet". datazone.birdlife.org. Retrieved 12 April 2017.

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New Zealand grebe: Brief Summary

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The New Zealand grebe (Poliocephalus rufopectus), also known as the New Zealand dabchick or weweia, is a member of the grebe family endemic to New Zealand.

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Novzelanda grebo ( Esperanto )

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La Novzelanda grebo, aŭ per surloka nomo Ŭeŭeia (Poliocephalus rufopectus) estas birdospecio membro de la familio de greboj kiu estas endemia de Novzelando.

Distribuado

Tiu specio estis iam en la lagoj de la malaltaj teroj de la Suda Insulo,[1] sed suferis gravan rapidan malpliiĝon tie (pro nekonataj tialoj) en la 19a jarcento - la lasta certa reprodukta registro por tiu specio en la Suda Insulo estis en 1941[2]. En la Norda Insulo ĝi troviĝas ĉe la okcidenta marbordo en marbordaj lagoj el la Norda Kabo al Pukekohe kaj el Suda Taranaki al Paraparaumu, en lagoj kaj akvorezervejoj de la centra altebenaĵo, Gisborne, golfo Hawkes kaj Wairarapa.[2]

Aspekto

Ĝi ne multe similas al sia ununura samgenrano, ĉar estas multe pli malhela, nome kun nigrecaj krono kaj dorso kaj pli malhelbrunaj vango kaj kolo (pli ruĝecbruna antaŭe, kio estas tialo por la latina scienca nomo rufopectus, nome kun ruĝecbruna brusto). La helflava okulo ege kontrastas sur tiom malhela plumaro. Ankaŭ la beko estas nigreca,

Kutimaro

Ties dieto konsistas ĉefe el akvaj insektoj kaj ties larvoj, same kiel malgrandaj moluskoj kiaj nesalakvaj helikoj.[1] Foje ili manĝas ankaŭ pli grandajn predojn kiaj fiŝoj kaj nesalakvaj kraboj.[2]

Referencoj

  1. 1,0 1,1 Andrew Crowe, "Which New Zealand Bird?", Penguin, 2001
  2. 2,0 2,1 2,2 Barrie Heather kaj Hugh Robertson, "The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand (reviziita eldono)", Viking, 2005

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Novzelanda grebo: Brief Summary ( Esperanto )

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La Novzelanda grebo, aŭ per surloka nomo Ŭeŭeia (Poliocephalus rufopectus) estas birdospecio membro de la familio de greboj kiu estas endemia de Novzelando.

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Poliocephalus rufopectus ( Spanish; Castilian )

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El zampullín maorí (Poliocephalus rufopectus)[2]​ es una especie de ave Podicipediformes de la familia Podicipedidae endémico de Nueva Zelanda.

Distribución y hábitat

En la actualidad se encuentra en la mayor parte de la isla Norte distribuido por la costa occidental, en lagos costeros, desde cabo Norte a Pukekohe, y desde el sur de Taranaki hasta Paraparaumu, además de en lagos y pantanos de la meseta central, Hawke's Bay y Wairarapa.[3]​ Esta especie en el pasado estaba presente también en los lagos de las regiones bajas de la isla Sur,[4]​ pero por razones desconocidas empezó a desaparecer rápidamente en el siglo XIX, datando sus últimos registros de reproducción verificados en la zona de 1941.[3]

 src=
Adulto fotografiado en Western Springs en Auckland

Alimentación

Se alimenta principalmente de insectos acuáticos y sus larvas, además de pequeños moluscos como los caracoles de agua dulce.[4]​ A veces atrapan presas mayores como peces y cangrejos de río.[3]

Referencias

  1. BirdLife International (2012). «Poliocephalus rufopectus». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2012.1 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 5 de julio de 2013.
  2. Bernis, F; De Juana, E; Del Hoyo, J; Fernández-Cruz, M; Ferrer, X; Sáez-Royuela, R; Sargatal, J (1994). «Nombres en castellano de las aves del mundo recomendados por la Sociedad Española de Ornitología (Primera parte: Struthioniformes-Anseriformes)». Ardeola. Handbook of the Birds of the World (Madrid: SEO/BirdLife) 41 (1): 79-89. ISSN 0570-7358. Consultado el 5 de julio de 2013.
  3. a b c Barrie Heather and Hugh Robertson, "The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand (revised edition)", Viking, 2005
  4. a b Andrew Crowe, "Which New Zealand Bird?", Penguin, 2001

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Poliocephalus rufopectus: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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El zampullín maorí (Poliocephalus rufopectus)​ es una especie de ave Podicipediformes de la familia Podicipedidae endémico de Nueva Zelanda.

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Poliocephalus rufopectus ( Basque )

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Poliocephalus rufopectus Poliocephalus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Podicipedidae familian sailkatua dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)BirdLife International (2012) Species factsheet. www.birdlife.org webgunetitik jaitsia 2012/05/07an
  2. (Ingelesez) IOC Master List

Kanpo estekak

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Poliocephalus rufopectus: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Poliocephalus rufopectus Poliocephalus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Podicipedidae familian sailkatua dago.

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Uudenseelanninuikku ( Finnish )

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Uudenseelanninuikku (Poliocephalus rufopectus) on uikkuihin kuuluva lintulaji. Se kuuluu Uuden-Seelannin endeemiseen lintulajistoon ja luokitellaan uhanalaisuudeltaan silmälläpidettäväksi.

Koko ja ulkonäkö

Uudenseelanninuikku on pienehkö uikku ja voi saavuttaa noin 29 cm:n pituuden. Yleisväritykseltään laji on tumma ja ruumiinrakenteeltaan pyöreähkö. Linnun pää on pieni ja lähes musta. Päässä on ohuita hopeanharmaita raitoja ja silmät ovat väriltään keltaiset. Uudenseelanninuikun posket, kaula ja niska ovat väriltään kastanjanruskeat ja selkä ja siivet ovat tumman punaruskeat. Pyrstön kärki on valkoinen. Pesimäajan ulkopuolella lintujen väritys on vaaleampi. Uudenseelanninuikun nokka on lyhyt ja väriltään harmaa.[2][3]

Levinneisyys ja elintavat

Uudenseelanninuikkua tavataan nykyään vain Uuden-Seelannin Pohjoissaarelta ja se on pesivänä hävinnyt Eteläsaarelta. Lajin elinympäristöä ovat pienet suojaiset ja makeavetiset lammet ja dyynijärvet. Se voi elää myös ihmisten rakentamissa ympäristöissä kuten patoaltaissa. Pääosan uudenseelanninuikun ravinnosta muodostavat vesihyönteiset ja niiden toukat, mutta se voi syödä myös äyriäisiä ja pieniä kaloja. Linnun pesimäkausi kestää tammikuusta maaliskuulle ja laji rakentaa kelluvan pesänsä ruovikon joukkoon.[2][3]

Uudenseelanninuikkukannan kooksi arvioidaan 1 900–2 000 yksilöä. Uhkia kannalle ovat sen tärkeiden elinympäristöjen dyynijärvien kuivaus tai umpeenkasvu. Uudenseelanninuikun pesintää häiritsee runsas veneily pesimäaikana ja erityisesti poikaset ovat alttiita rottien ja näätien saalistukselle.[1][2]

Lähteet

  1. a b BirdLife International: Poliocephalus rufopectus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.4. 2015. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 3.3.2016. (englanniksi)
  2. a b c New Zealand Grebe - BirdLife Species Factsheet BirdLife International. Viitattu 3.1.2014.
  3. a b Hugh Robertson,Barrie Heather: Hand Guide to the Birds of New Zealand, s. 20. Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 978-0-19-850831-1. Kirja Googlen teoshaussa (viitattu 3.1.2014). (englanniksi)
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Uudenseelanninuikku: Brief Summary ( Finnish )

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Uudenseelanninuikku (Poliocephalus rufopectus) on uikkuihin kuuluva lintulaji. Se kuuluu Uuden-Seelannin endeemiseen lintulajistoon ja luokitellaan uhanalaisuudeltaan silmälläpidettäväksi.

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Grèbe de Nouvelle-Zélande ( French )

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Poliocephalus rufopectus

Le Grèbe de Nouvelle-Zélande (Poliocephalus rufopectus) est une espèce d'oiseaux aquatique appartenant à la famille des Podicipedidae endémique de la Nouvelle-Zélande.

Voir aussi

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Grèbe de Nouvelle-Zélande: Brief Summary ( French )

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Poliocephalus rufopectus

Le Grèbe de Nouvelle-Zélande (Poliocephalus rufopectus) est une espèce d'oiseaux aquatique appartenant à la famille des Podicipedidae endémique de la Nouvelle-Zélande.

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Poliocephalus rufopectus ( Italian )

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Lo svasso della Nuova Zelanda (Poliocephalus rufopectus (Jardine & Selby, 1827)) è un uccello della famiglia Podicipedidae.[2]

Descrizione

Questo podicipedide è lungo 28–30 cm, per un peso di 232–271 g.[3]

Biologia

Si nutre in prevalenza di piccoli invertebrati acquatici, come adulti e larve di insetti, crostacei d'acqua dolce (Parastacidae), molluschi e sanguisughe.[3]

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie è un endemismo della Nuova Zelanda.[1]

Un tempo diffusa in tutto l'arcipelago, il suo areale è attualmente ristretto all'Isola del Nord, con una distribuzione ampia ma frammentata. Vi sono recenti segnalazioni di una coppia nidificante nei pressi di Takaka, nell'Isola del Sud, evento che non si verificava dal 1941.[1]

Conservazione

La Lista rossa IUCN classifica Poliocephalus rufopectus come specie prossima alla minaccia di estinzione (Near Threatened).[1]

La specie è andata incontro ad estinzione locale sull'Isola del Sud e l'attuale popolazione è stimata in 1.900-2.000 esemplari.

Note

  1. ^ a b c d (EN) BirdLife International 2016, Poliocephalus rufopectus, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020. URL consultato il 29 aprile 2019.
  2. ^ (EN) Gill F. and Donsker D. (eds), Family Podicipedidae, in IOC World Bird Names (ver 9.2), International Ornithologists’ Union, 2019. URL consultato il 29 aprile 2019.
  3. ^ a b (EN) Llimona, F., del Hoyo, J., Jutglar, F., Kirwan, G.M. & Sharpe, C.J., New Zealand Grebe (Poliocephalus rufopectus), su Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive, 2019. URL consultato il 29 aprile 2019.

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Poliocephalus rufopectus: Brief Summary ( Italian )

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Lo svasso della Nuova Zelanda (Poliocephalus rufopectus (Jardine & Selby, 1827)) è un uccello della famiglia Podicipedidae.

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Nieuwzeelandfuut ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Vogels

De nieuwzeelandfuut (Poliocephalus rufopectus) is een vogelsoort uit de familie van de futen en komt voor op Nieuw-Zeeland. Het is een klein soort fuut die endemisch is in Nieuw-Zeeland.

Kenmerken

De fuut is gemiddeld 29 cm lang, iets groter als een dodaars en iets kleiner als een geoorde fuut. De kop is donker, bijna zwart met zilverkleurige sierveertjes. De nek is van voren kastanjebruin evenals de borst.[1]

Verspreding en leefgebied

De soort komt nu nog voornamelijk voor op het Noordereiland binnen een groot, maar sterk versnipperd areaal. Incidenteel zijn er dwaalgasten op het Zuidereiland en in 2012 was daar zelfs een broedgeval. De vogel broedt in zoetwaterplassen en kleine, ondiepe meertjes met grillig gevormde oevers die beschutting bieden.[1]

Status

De nieuwzeelandfuut heeft een versnipperd verspreidingsgebied en daardoor is de kans op uitsterven aanwezig. De grootte van de populatie werd in 2016 door BirdLife International geschat op 1900 tot 2000 individuen. Dit aantal is redelijk stabiel. Toch worden de populaties bedreigd door het uitdrogen of dichtgroeien van meertjes en plassen, de toenemende waterrecreatie en predatie door invasieve diersoorten als ratten. Om deze redenen staat deze soort als gevoelig op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN.[1]

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Nieuwzeelandfuut: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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De nieuwzeelandfuut (Poliocephalus rufopectus) is een vogelsoort uit de familie van de futen en komt voor op Nieuw-Zeeland. Het is een klein soort fuut die endemisch is in Nieuw-Zeeland.

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Maoridukkar ( Norwegian )

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Maoridukkar (Poliocephalus rufopectus) er ein liten medlem i dukkarfamilien, endemisk til New Zealand.

Maoridukkarar er 29 centimeter i lengd og veg om lag 250 gram. Kroppen verkar mørk, kort og butt, nebbet er rett og relativt kort. I hekkedrakt er dei mørk, gråbrune på overida med eit glansa, svart hovud med tynne sølvfarga striper. Framsida av halsen og brystet er rustfarga. Auga er gule, og halen er kvit og dunaktig.

Ikkje-hekkedrakta er generelt bleikare og meir diffus. Ungfuglar får same drakta etter nokre månader.

Nordøya han er funne på vestkysten av kystnære innsjøar frå North Cape til Pukekohe og frå sørlege Taranaki til Paraparaumu, på innsjøar og dammar i det sentrale platået, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay og Wairarapa.

Denne arten var tidlegare til stades på innsjøar i låglandet på Sørøya, men fekk ei rask nedgang der av ukjende grunnar på 1800-talet, og den siste registrerte hekkinga på Sørøya er frå 1941.

Denne dukkararten er sky og vil dukke og skjule seg når kan blir uroa. Føda består hovudsakleg av akvatiske insekt og larvane deira, og dessutan små blautdyr som sniglar. Nokre gonger tar dei byttedyr som fisk og ferskvasskreps.

Storleiken på populasjonen av maoridukkarar er estimert til 1700 individ (2005) og er minkande.

Kjelder

  • Barrie Heather og Hugh Robertson, The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand (revised edition), Viking, 2005

Referansar

Bakgrunnsstoff

Commons-logo.svg Wikimedia Commons har multimedia som gjeld: Maoridukkar
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Maoridukkar: Brief Summary ( Norwegian )

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Maoridukkar (Poliocephalus rufopectus) er ein liten medlem i dukkarfamilien, endemisk til New Zealand.

Maoridukkarar er 29 centimeter i lengd og veg om lag 250 gram. Kroppen verkar mørk, kort og butt, nebbet er rett og relativt kort. I hekkedrakt er dei mørk, gråbrune på overida med eit glansa, svart hovud med tynne sølvfarga striper. Framsida av halsen og brystet er rustfarga. Auga er gule, og halen er kvit og dunaktig.

Ikkje-hekkedrakta er generelt bleikare og meir diffus. Ungfuglar får same drakta etter nokre månader.

Nordøya han er funne på vestkysten av kystnære innsjøar frå North Cape til Pukekohe og frå sørlege Taranaki til Paraparaumu, på innsjøar og dammar i det sentrale platået, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay og Wairarapa.

Denne arten var tidlegare til stades på innsjøar i låglandet på Sørøya, men fekk ei rask nedgang der av ukjende grunnar på 1800-talet, og den siste registrerte hekkinga på Sørøya er frå 1941.

Denne dukkararten er sky og vil dukke og skjule seg når kan blir uroa. Føda består hovudsakleg av akvatiske insekt og larvane deira, og dessutan små blautdyr som sniglar. Nokre gonger tar dei byttedyr som fisk og ferskvasskreps.

Storleiken på populasjonen av maoridukkarar er estimert til 1700 individ (2005) og er minkande.

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Perkoz maoryski ( Polish )

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Perkoz maoryski (Poliocephalus rufopectus) – gatunek ptaka z rodziny perkozów (Podicipedidae), opisany w 1843 roku.

Pierwotnie gatunek ten zamieszkiwał cały obszar Nowej Zelandii. W połowie XIX wieku zaczął zanikać na Wyspie Południowej. Ostatnie obserwacje perkoza maoryskiego na tych terenach zaobserwowano w roku 1960. Na Wyspie Północnej jest nadal dość szeroko rozpowszechniony, szczególnie na płaskowyżu wulkanicznym.

Spotykany jest na piaszczystodennych jeziorach, lagunach, gospodarskich zaporach wodnych oraz na wewnątrzlądowych jeziorach porośniętych bogatą roślinnością.

Całkowitą liczebność populacji ocenia się obecnie na 1200 – 1500 osobników.

W gniazdach znajdują się zazwyczaj dwa jaja. Okres lęgowy trwa dość długo i zależy od warunków środowiskowych. Na północy kraju zazwyczaj odbywa więcej niż jeden lęg rocznie. Ogólnie gatunek posiada wysoki potencjał rozrodczy, aczkolwiek przeżywalność młodych sięga jedynie 20 procent.

Przypisy

  1. Poliocephalus rufopectus, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. Poliocephalus rufopectus. Czerwona księga gatunków zagrożonych (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) (ang.).
p d e
Endemiczne ptaki Nowej ZelandiiGatunki lądowe Kiwi Perkozy Pelikanowe Blaszkodziobe Sokołowe Żurawiowe Siewkowe Gołębiowe Papugowe Kukułkowe Wróblowe Gatunki morskie Rurkonose Pingwiny

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Perkoz maoryski: Brief Summary ( Polish )

provided by wikipedia POL

Perkoz maoryski (Poliocephalus rufopectus) – gatunek ptaka z rodziny perkozów (Podicipedidae), opisany w 1843 roku.

Pierwotnie gatunek ten zamieszkiwał cały obszar Nowej Zelandii. W połowie XIX wieku zaczął zanikać na Wyspie Południowej. Ostatnie obserwacje perkoza maoryskiego na tych terenach zaobserwowano w roku 1960. Na Wyspie Północnej jest nadal dość szeroko rozpowszechniony, szczególnie na płaskowyżu wulkanicznym.

Spotykany jest na piaszczystodennych jeziorach, lagunach, gospodarskich zaporach wodnych oraz na wewnątrzlądowych jeziorach porośniętych bogatą roślinnością.

Całkowitą liczebność populacji ocenia się obecnie na 1200 – 1500 osobników.

W gniazdach znajdują się zazwyczaj dwa jaja. Okres lęgowy trwa dość długo i zależy od warunków środowiskowych. Na północy kraju zazwyczaj odbywa więcej niż jeden lęg rocznie. Ogólnie gatunek posiada wysoki potencjał rozrodczy, aczkolwiek przeżywalność młodych sięga jedynie 20 procent.

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Maoridopping ( Swedish )

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Maoridopping[2] (Poliocephalus rufopectus) är en fågel i familjen doppingar inom ordningen doppingfåglar.[3] Den förekommer enbart på Nordön i Nya Zeeland.[3] IUCN kategoriserar arten som sårbar.[1]

Noter

  1. ^ [a b] Birdlife International 2012 Poliocephalus rufopectus Från: IUCN 2015. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.4 www.iucnredlist.org. Läst 2016-02-01.
  2. ^ Sveriges ornitologiska förening (2016) Officiella listan över svenska namn på världens fågelarter Arkiverad 18 oktober 2014 hämtat från the Wayback Machine., läst 2016-02-10
  3. ^ [a b] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2015) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 2015 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2016-02-11

Externa länkar

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Maoridopping: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Maoridopping (Poliocephalus rufopectus) är en fågel i familjen doppingar inom ordningen doppingfåglar. Den förekommer enbart på Nordön i Nya Zeeland. IUCN kategoriserar arten som sårbar.

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Poliocephalus rufopectus ( Vietnamese )

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Poliocephalus rufopectus là một loài chim trong họ Podicipedidae.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson (2012). “The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.7.”. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2012.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến chim này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Poliocephalus rufopectus: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Poliocephalus rufopectus là một loài chim trong họ Podicipedidae.

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Новозеландская поганка ( Russian )

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Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Вторичноротые
Подтип: Позвоночные
Инфратип: Челюстноротые
Надкласс: Четвероногие
Класс: Птицы
Подкласс: Настоящие птицы
Инфракласс: Новонёбные
Отряд: Поганкообразные (Podicipediformes Sharpe, 1891)
Семейство: Поганковые
Вид: Новозеландская поганка
Международное научное название

Poliocephalus rufopectus
Gray, 1843

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ITIS 562372EOL 1049459FW 372491
Не следует путать с новозеландская пеганка.
У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Поганка.

Новозеландская поганка[1] (лат. Poliocephalus rufopectus) — вид птиц из семейства поганковых (Podicipedidae), эндемик Новой Зеландии.

Первоначально вид был распространён по всей территории Новой Зеландии, однако в середине XIX века на Южном острове популяция стала сокращаться. На Северном острове популяция считается стабильной.

Питаются преимущественно насекомыми и их личинками, а также мелкими моллюсками, например улитками.

Примечания

  1. Бёме Р. Л., Флинт В. Е. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Птицы. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский / Под общ. ред. акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., «РУССО», 1994. — С. 14. — 2030 экз.ISBN 5-200-00643-0.
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Новозеландская поганка: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Не следует путать с новозеландская пеганка.У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Поганка.

Новозеландская поганка (лат. Poliocephalus rufopectus) — вид птиц из семейства поганковых (Podicipedidae), эндемик Новой Зеландии.

Первоначально вид был распространён по всей территории Новой Зеландии, однако в середине XIX века на Южном острове популяция стала сокращаться. На Северном острове популяция считается стабильной.

Питаются преимущественно насекомыми и их личинками, а также мелкими моллюсками, например улитками.

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